英文法律词典 D-30

时间：2008-03-12 06:27:16

（单词翻译:单击）

TO DEFEND. To forbid. This word is used in some old English statutes1 in the sense it has in French, namely, to forbid. 5 Pic. 2, c. Lord Coke uses the word in this sense: it is defended by law to distrain2 on the highway." Co Litt. 160, b. 161 a. In an old work entitled , Legends, printed by Winkin de Worde, in 1527, fo. 96, we find examples of the use of the word in this sense, " He defended," (forbade) " to pay the wage," (tribute,) " for he said he was a king." " She wrote the obligation when she put her hand to the tree against the defence." (prohibition of God.)

2. In pleading, to defend is to deny; and the effect of the word "defends" is, that the defendant3 denies the right of the plaintiff, or the force and wrong charged. Steph. Pl. 432.

3. In contracts, to defend is to guaranty; to agree to indemnify. In most conveyances4 of land the grantor covenants6 to warrant and defend. It is his duty, then, to prevent all persons against whom he defends, from doing any act which would evict7 him; when there is a mortgage upon the land, and the mortgagee demands possession or payment of the covenantee, and threatens suit, this is a breach8 of the covenant5 to defend, and for quiet enjoyment9. 17 Mass. R. 586.

DEFENDANT. A party who is sued in a personal action. Vide Demandant; Par- ties to Actions; Pursuer; and Com. Dig. Abatement10, F; Action upon the case upon assumpsit, E, b; Bouv. Inst. Index, h. t.

2. At common law a defendant cannot have judgment11 to recoyer a sum of money of the plaintiff. But this rule is, in some cases, altered by the act of assembly in Pennsylvania, as by the. Act of 1705, for defalcation12, by which he may sue out a sci. fac. on the record of a verdict for a sum found in his favor. 6 Binn. Rep. 175. See Account 6.

DEFENDANT IN ERROR. A party against whom a writ13 of error is sued out.

DEFENDER14, canon law. The name by which the defendant or respondent is known in the ecclesiastical courts.

DEFENSIVE15 ALLEGATION. The defence or mode of propounding16 a defence in the spiritual courts, is so called.

DEFICIT17. This Latin term signifies that something is wanting. It is used to express the deficiency which is discovered in the accounts of an accountant, or in the money in which he has received.


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1 statutes 2e67695e587bd14afa1655b870b4c16e     
成文法( statute的名词复数 )； 法令； 法规； 章程
参考例句：
  • The numerous existing statutes are complicated and poorly coordinated. 目前繁多的法令既十分复杂又缺乏快调。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
  • Each agency is also restricted by the particular statutes governing its activities. 各个机构的行为也受具体法令限制。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
2 distrain juJz3k     
n.为抵债而扣押
参考例句：
  • If he doesn't pay,the court will distrain upon him.如果他不付款，法院会扣押他的财物。
  • The owner may ask the court for an order to distrain upon the furniture of any person who fails to pay his rent.房主可以要求法院下令，扣押所有不付租金的人的家具。
3 defendant mYdzW     
n.被告；adj.处于被告地位的
参考例句：
  • The judge rejected a bribe from the defendant's family.法官拒收被告家属的贿赂。
  • The defendant was borne down by the weight of evidence.有力的证据使被告认输了。
4 conveyances 0867183ba0c6acabb6b8f0bc5e1baa1d     
n.传送( conveyance的名词复数 )；运送；表达；运输工具
参考例句：
  • Transport tools from work areas by using hand trucks and other conveyances. 负责用相关运输设备从工作区域运载模具。 来自互联网
  • Railroad trains and buses are public conveyances. 火车和公共汽车是公共交通工具。 来自互联网
5 covenant CoWz1     
n.盟约，契约；v.订盟约
参考例句：
  • They refused to covenant with my father for the property.他们不愿与我父亲订立财产契约。
  • The money was given to us by deed of covenant.这笔钱是根据契约书付给我们的。
6 covenants 185d08f454ed053be6d340821190beab     
n.（有法律约束的）协议( covenant的名词复数 )；盟约；公约；（向慈善事业、信托基金会等定期捐款的）契约书
参考例句：
  • Do I need to review the Deed of mutual Covenants (DMC)? 我是否需要覆核公共契约(DMC)吗？ 来自互联网
  • Many listed and unlisted companies need to sell to address covenants. 许多上市公司和非上市公司需要出售手中资产，以满足借贷契约的要求。 来自互联网
7 evict eihzS     
vt.驱逐，赶出，撵走
参考例句：
  • The lessor can evict the lessee for failure to pay rent.出租人可驱逐不付租金的承租人。
  • The government always says it's for the greater good when they evict farmers from their land.当政府把农民从他们的土地赶出去的时候，总是号称是为了更大众的利益。
8 breach 2sgzw     
n.违反，不履行；破裂；vt.冲破，攻破
参考例句：
  • We won't have any breach of discipline.我们不允许任何破坏纪律的现象。
  • He was sued for breach of contract.他因不履行合同而被起诉。
9 enjoyment opaxV     
n.乐趣；享有；享用
参考例句：
  • Your company adds to the enjoyment of our visit. 有您的陪同，我们这次访问更加愉快了。
  • After each joke the old man cackled his enjoyment.每逢讲完一个笑话，这老人就呵呵笑着表示他的高兴。
10 abatement pzHzyb     
n.减(免)税，打折扣，冲销
参考例句：
  • A bag filter for dust abatement at the discharge point should be provided.在卸料地点应该装设袋滤器以消除粉尘。
  • The abatement of the headache gave him a moment of rest.头痛减轻给他片刻的休息。
11 judgment e3xxC     
n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见
参考例句：
  • The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
  • He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。
12 defalcation c31ca60490420a0fdb7bca2ac1dea5bd     
n.盗用公款，挪用公款，贪污
参考例句：
  • Scientific Definition of \"Defalcation Without Return\" and \"Defalcation Turning to Embezzlement \" 科学界定“挪用公款不退还”与“挪用转化为贪污” 来自互联网
  • The bank lost money by the defalcation of the cashier. 银行因出纳员挪用公款而受到金钱损失。 来自互联网
13 writ iojyr     
n.命令状，书面命令
参考例句：
  • This is a copy of a writ I received this morning.这是今早我收到的书面命令副本。
  • You shouldn't treat the newspapers as if they were Holy Writ. 你不应该把报上说的话奉若神明。
14 defender ju2zxa     
n.保卫者，拥护者，辩护人
参考例句：
  • He shouldered off a defender and shot at goal.他用肩膀挡开防守队员，然后射门。
  • The defender argued down the prosecutor at the court.辩护人在法庭上驳倒了起诉人。
15 defensive buszxy     
adj.防御的；防卫的；防守的
参考例句：
  • Their questions about the money put her on the defensive.他们问到钱的问题，使她警觉起来。
  • The Government hastily organized defensive measures against the raids.政府急忙布置了防卫措施抵御空袭。
16 propounding b798a10499a3ce92922d30fee86571c1     
v.提出（问题、计划等）供考虑[讨论]，提议( propound的现在分词 )
参考例句：
  • He won the prize by propounding the theory. 他因提出该学说而获奖。 来自互联网
17 deficit tmAzu     
n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差
参考例句：
  • The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
  • We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。

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