历届奥运会回顾：1960年罗马奥运会

2600年前，罗马帝国以征服者的姿态，将古奥运会从希腊奥林匹亚强行移到罗马举行。1960年，罗马作为意大利首都，燃起了象征和平与友谊的奥林匹克火焰。古今两届，其意义是不可同日而语的。

KEY FACTS

Opening date:25 August 1960

Closing date: 11 September 1960

The Host City: Rome (Italy)

Sports: 17

ROME  1960 Games of the XVII Olympiad

Fifty-four years after Italy had to give up hosting the Olympics, Rome finally got its chance. They made the most of their dramatic history, holding the wrestling competition in the Basilica of Maxentius. Among the other ancient sites that were used were the Caracalla Baths (gymnastics) and the Arch of Constantine (finish of the marathon). Paul Elvstrom of Denmark won the gold medal in the single-handed dinghy class yachting - for the fourth consecutive¹ time.

Hungarian fencer Aladar Gerevich earned his sixth consecutive gold medal in the team sabre event. In canoeing, Sweden's Gert Fredriksson won his sixth gold medal. Yugoslavia, which qualified² for the final by winning a coin toss, won the football tournament after losing in the final three times in a row. Sante Gaiardoni of Italy became the only cyclist in Olympic history to win both the time trial and the match sprint³ events. By winning the silver medal in light-welterweight boxing, Clement⁴ "Ike" Quartey of Ghana became the first black African Olympic medalist.

Five days later in the marathon, Abebe Bikila, running barefoot, outlasted⁵ Rhadi Ben Abdesselem of Morocco to become the first black African Olympic champion. Rafer Johnson and C.K. Yang were decathlon training partners at UCLA, but in Rome Johnson represented the United States and Yang represented Chinese Taipei. In a dramatic finish, they took first and second places and then, exhausted⁶, fell against each other for support. Suffering from concussion⁷ and a broken collarbone after a fall in the endurance test of the three-day equestrian⁸ event, Bill Roycroft left his hospital bed to compete in the jumping test and ensure the gold medal for Australia.

Do You Know? 种族隔离的结果？

The Games in Rome were the last Games in which South Africa was allowed to participate for a period of some 32 years - until 1992 - as the International Olympic Committee could not tolerate the racist⁹ policies of the South African government.

由于国际奥委会无法忍受南非的种族隔离政策，在罗马举行的奥运会成为南非在1992年之前的32年中参加的最后一次奥运会。