法律名称英译若干问题(2)
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

其次,是法律(广义)名称大小写原有一定的规矩,奈译者时而不懂或不守规则,舛误起矣,如:

8. Interim1 Procedures of Shanghai Municipality on the Intake2 of Experts From( 应作 from) abroad

-Shanghai’s foreign Economic Rules and Regulations(1993-1994),p.3

9. Article l (purpose and Basis)

The present Procedures are formulated3 in accordance with the “procedures on the Administration of Registration4 of Enterprises’ Property Right Over( 应作小写 over) State-owned Assets”……

-Supplement (Chinese-English) New Laws and Regulations Monthly,1997,1,p.183

10. Measures of the Customs of the People’s Republic of China Concerning the Administration of the Goods, Means of Transport, and Articles Carried by Individuals to be ( 应作大写 Be) Brought into or out( 须大写 ) of the Bonded5 Area of Outer Gaoqiao in Shanghai

-Laws and Regulations of the People’s Republic of China Governing Foreign-Related Matters, China Legal System Publishing House, Beijing 1991.7,p.11

三、是介词(或准介词)之使用失当,如:查表示法律规范调整的对象,《新法规月刊》增刊 1997 年第 1 期共刊载 15 个条例、规定之类,几乎都通过介词 “on” ,只有一个例外用 “for” :

Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on the Administration of Mudflat

Provisions of Shanghai Municipality on the Control of Hygiene6 of the Food Sold on Urban and Rural Fairs

Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on Mother and Infant Health Care

Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on the Flow of Talented Personnel

Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on Drainage Administration

Regulations on Shanghai Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone

Rules of Shanghai Municipality for the Implementation7 of the Regulations on Family Planning (例外)

Procedures of Shanghai Municipality on the Registration of Institutions

Procedures of Shanghai Municipality on the Administration of Construction Project Contracting

Procedures of Shanghai Municipality on the Administration of the Temporary Residence Permit for HongKong and Macao Residents and Overseas Chinese

Procedures of Shanghai Municipality on the Granting of Land-use Right

Procedures of Shanghai Municipality on Social Relief

Procedures of Shanghai Municipality on the Management of Public Libraries

Procedures of Shanghai Municipality on the Implementation of Enterprises’ Property Right Over State-owned Assets

Procedures of Shanghai Municipality on the Protection of Basic Farmland

其中的例外用 “for” ,含义与 “on” 不同:表示调整对象,不如由 “on” 表达来得贴切。其次 “on” 只有两个字母(而 “for” 由三个字母拼缀而成),更符合法律名称应尽量言简意赅,短小精悍的要求。遗憾的是,拾 “on” 而取 “for” 的往往还不少哩。例如上海远东出版社 1994 年版的 Shanghai’s Foreign Economic Rules and Regulations(1991-1992) 一书共有十个 “ 法规规章 ” ,其中表示其调整对象而使用介词 “on” 的仅两例,而使用 “for” 的反而有七例:

Procedures of Shanghai Municipality for the Implementation of……

Interim Provisions for the Control of Shanghai Metal Exchange

Interim Procedures of Shanghai Municipality for Encouragement of Nonlocal Investments in the Pudong New Area

Procedures of the Customs of the People’s Republic of China for the Control of Goods……

Rules of the Shanghai Customs House for the Implementation of surveillance over, and Levy8 of or Exemption9 from……

Procedures for Controls……

Rules for the implementation of……

为什么不用首选 “on” 而退而求其次用 “for” 呢?更何况还有三处是采用那累赘不堪的 “Concerning” 呢:

Interim Procedures Concerning the Examination, Approval and ……

以下弥足珍贵的一例,可以替代在 “on” 与 “governing” 之间左右摇摆、举棋不定而终于匆匆了事的译审行为:

Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on Governing Trade Unions in Chinese-foreign Joint10 Ventures

于兹场合,即使用了都尚不能算错之时,这些词( for/concerning/governing )绝对不能列为首选( governing 一词很正宗,现在却并不多用,而在四十年代初笔者是奉之为首选的) — 首选当然是 “on” 了。

四、存在的其他问题,如:

1 、多用不必用的 governing/concerning, 如:



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1 interim z5wxB     
adj.暂时的,临时的;n.间歇,过渡期间
参考例句:
  • The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。
  • It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。
2 intake 44cyQ     
n.吸入,纳入;进气口,入口
参考例句:
  • Reduce your salt intake.减少盐的摄入量。
  • There was a horrified intake of breath from every child.所有的孩子都害怕地倒抽了一口凉气。
3 formulated cfc86c2c7185ae3f93c4d8a44e3cea3c     
v.构想出( formulate的过去式和过去分词 );规划;确切地阐述;用公式表示
参考例句:
  • He claims that the writer never consciously formulated his own theoretical position. 他声称该作家从未有意识地阐明他自己的理论见解。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • This idea can be formulated in two different ways. 这个意思可以有两种说法。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
4 registration ASKzO     
n.登记,注册,挂号
参考例句:
  • Marriage without registration is not recognized by law.法律不承认未登记的婚姻。
  • What's your registration number?你挂的是几号?
5 bonded 2xpzkP     
n.有担保的,保税的,粘合的
参考例句:
  • The whisky was taken to bonded warehouses at Port Dundee.威士忌酒已送到邓迪港的保稅仓库。
  • This adhesive must be applied to both surfaces which are to be bonded together.要粘接的两个面都必须涂上这种黏合剂。
6 hygiene Kchzr     
n.健康法,卫生学 (a.hygienic)
参考例句:
  • Their course of study includes elementary hygiene and medical theory.他们的课程包括基础卫生学和医疗知识。
  • He's going to give us a lecture on public hygiene.他要给我们作关于公共卫生方面的报告。
7 implementation 2awxV     
n.实施,贯彻
参考例句:
  • Implementation of the program is now well underway.这一项目的实施现在行情看好。
8 levy Z9fzR     
n.征收税或其他款项,征收额
参考例句:
  • They levy a tax on him.他们向他征税。
  • A direct food levy was imposed by the local government.地方政府征收了食品税。
9 exemption 3muxo     
n.豁免,免税额,免除
参考例句:
  • You may be able to apply for exemption from local taxes.你可能符合资格申请免除地方税。
  • These goods are subject to exemption from tax.这些货物可以免税。
10 joint m3lx4     
adj.联合的,共同的;n.关节,接合处;v.连接,贴合
参考例句:
  • I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤,肩膀脫臼了。
  • We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。
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