雅思作文找观点的几点常用原则
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

1.经济原则

1)钱

女人就业:
Women find they must work to earn enough money to provide for their family.
Once they get married, the majority of women continue working since the financial pressures of setting up a house and establishing a reasonable standard of living often require two incomes.
Those professional childcare facilities come at a cost and often require two salaries coming into a family to be afforded.
Indeed it could be argued that by giving mothers the opportunity to work and earn extra money children can be better provided for than previously1. There is more money for luxuries and holidays and a more secure family life is possible.

艺术:
The arts can be an important attraction for tourists, bringing considerable revenue into the country.
Government subsidy2 of the arts is unnecessary as if art is good enough, then people will pay for it. If art is not good enough to be popular, then government should not reward it for its failure.
Art is not a commodity.

死刑:
It is cheaper to kill them than to imprison3 for life.
Prisons in many countries are over-crowded and under-funded, and this problem is made worse by life sentences or delayed death sentences for murderers.

全球化:
Globalisation has increased world prosperity.

血腥运动(Blood sports):
Many rural communities would be devastated4 by a ban on hunting.

英语国际语言:
If everyone spoke5 the same language it would be much easier for people to move and work in different countries or to conduct trade with each other.

穿校服:
Parents often find some uniform items, e.g. jackets, very expensive compared to the rest of their child’s wardrobe, and complain they can never be worn outside the school environment.

控制人口:
They identify population control as a means to raising living standards.
If education does not succeed within a time scale, it may be necessary to consider other measures, such as tax incentives6 or child-benefit payments for small families only.

童工:
However, in many countries children work because their families need the additional income, no matter how small.
It is an unfortunate fact that many employers prefer to use the services of children simply to save money by paying them less than adults and it is this type of exploitation that should be discouraged.

教育还是治疗:
There is also an economic argument for doing so. Statistics demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of treating a condition in the early stages, rather than delaying until more expensive and prolonged treatment is necessary.

旅游:
Tourism is the largest industry in the world.  It surpasses trade in oil, steel, and armaments in total dollar value and in employment created.
Often large sums of money are needed to attract tourists, so significant capital investment may be wasted.

太空:
Space exploration is a waste of resources.
Our dreams of exploring space are a luxury we cannot afford.

禁烟:
A further point is that governments throughout the world make huge profits from levying7 taxes on cigarettes. This provides funds which are used for building schools, hospitals and other public amenities8.
A further issue is that smoking costs governments millions of pounds because of the large number of people who need treatment in hospitals for smoking related problems.

2)就业:

女人就业:
This also helps to create jobs in the childcare sector9, generating employment for more people.

核能:
The nuclear industry is a major employer.

父母共同照顾孩子:
The economic and employment situation in many countries means that jobs are getting more, not less, stressful, requiring long hours and perhaps long journeys to work as well. Therefore it may remain for many a desirable ideal rather than an achievable reality.

旅游:
Tourism increases employment opportunities. Additional jobs, ranging from low-wage, entry level to high-paying professional positions in management and technical fields, generate income and raise standards of living. As tourism increases in importance, tourism-related employment needs will also increase.
Many hotels are part of large international chains, choosing to exploit local labour purely10 because it is cheap.

禁烟:
The tobacco industry also employs tens of thousands of people throughout the world.

3)时间:

电视:
Nowadays many people spend the biggest part of their free time watching television.

兼职工作:
After-school jobs are bad for teenagers because they take time away from studying.

运动:
Sport is a waste of school time and resources.

2.生理原则:

体育课:
Encouraging physical activity in the young through compulsory11 PE fights child obesity12 and contributes to forming lifelong habits of exercise.
体罚:
The actual physical damage inflicted13 via corporal punishment on children can be horrifying14.
Some parents lose control and can injure children - even breaking bones or causing bruises15.
禁烟:
There is little doubt that smoking tobacco is extremely harmful to the smoker's health.
配枪:
Routinely arming police officers allows them to defend themselves.

3.心理原则

电视:
Depression is a well-known psychological problem of modern society. The popularity of TV watching is among the reasons of this phenomenon. Violence, aggression16, crimes and wars are broadcast through the daily news as well as in movies, showing dark pictures that encourage psychological tension, pessimism17 and negative emotions.
While TV and movies shouldn’t be a way to hide from life, sometimes it can help us to cope.

压力:
Some students have mental breakdowns18 and, in extreme cases, attempt suicide because they cannot handle the pressure.

体罚:
They learn that force is an acceptable factor in human interaction; they feel humiliated19 and lose self-respect.
A physical punishment is likely to provoke resentment20 and further misbehavior.

课外活动:
Without the opportunity to do this, they could grow up immature21 and unformed.
Iit is also important to remember that children need to relax as well as work. If everything they do must have educational or academic relevance22, then they will soon get tired of studying altogether, which is the last thing parents would want.

抽烟:
First, smoking undoubtedly23 helps many people to relax.
Indeed the more of a 'forbidden fruit' cigarettes become, the more attractive they will be to adolescents.( 逆反心理)

媒体:
Excessive * and violence in the media can lead to similar behaviour in viewers (studies in the USA have shown this).
Psychologists claim that television does not have a simple, direct stimulus-response effect on its audiences. (模仿心理)

配枪:
Routinely arming the police is an effective deterrent24 to criminal behaviour.
People may feel safer when they see armed police, especially if they perceive them as a response to a heightened risk.



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 previously bkzzzC     
adv.以前,先前(地)
参考例句:
  • The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
  • Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿,解释原先发生了什么。
2 subsidy 2U5zo     
n.补助金,津贴
参考例句:
  • The university will receive a subsidy for research in artificial intelligence.那个大学将得到一笔人工智能研究的补助费。
  • The living subsidy for senior expert's family is included in the remuneration.报酬已包含高级专家家人的生活补贴。
3 imprison j9rxk     
vt.监禁,关押,限制,束缚
参考例句:
  • The effect of this one is going to imprison you for life.而这件事的影响力则会让你被终身监禁。
  • Dutch colonial authorities imprisoned him for his part in the independence movement.荷兰殖民当局因他参加独立运动而把他关押了起来。
4 devastated eb3801a3063ef8b9664b1b4d1f6aaada     
v.彻底破坏( devastate的过去式和过去分词);摧毁;毁灭;在感情上(精神上、财务上等)压垮adj.毁坏的;极为震惊的
参考例句:
  • The bomb devastated much of the old part of the city. 这颗炸弹炸毁了旧城的一大片地方。
  • His family is absolutely devastated. 他的一家感到极为震惊。
5 spoke XryyC     
n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说
参考例句:
  • They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
  • The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
6 incentives 884481806a10ef3017726acf079e8fa7     
激励某人做某事的事物( incentive的名词复数 ); 刺激; 诱因; 动机
参考例句:
  • tax incentives to encourage savings 鼓励储蓄的税收措施
  • Furthermore, subsidies provide incentives only for investments in equipment. 更有甚者,提供津贴仅是为鼓励增添设备的投资。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
7 levying 90ad9be315edeae7731b2d08f32e26d5     
征(兵)( levy的现在分词 ); 索取; 发动(战争); 征税
参考例句:
  • The high tax will be given levying to the foreign country car. 对外国汽车要予以征收高税。
  • Levying estate income tax are considered to be goods tax. 遗产税是在财产所有者死亡后所征收的税。
8 amenities Bz5zCt     
n.令人愉快的事物;礼仪;礼节;便利设施;礼仪( amenity的名词复数 );便利设施;(环境等的)舒适;(性情等的)愉快
参考例句:
  • The campsite is close to all local amenities. 营地紧靠当地所有的便利设施。
  • Parks and a theatre are just some of the town's local amenities. 公园和戏院只是市镇娱乐设施的一部分。 来自《简明英汉词典》
9 sector yjczYn     
n.部门,部分;防御地段,防区;扇形
参考例句:
  • The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
  • The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。
10 purely 8Sqxf     
adv.纯粹地,完全地
参考例句:
  • I helped him purely and simply out of friendship.我帮他纯粹是出于友情。
  • This disproves the theory that children are purely imitative.这证明认为儿童只会单纯地模仿的理论是站不住脚的。
11 compulsory 5pVzu     
n.强制的,必修的;规定的,义务的
参考例句:
  • Is English a compulsory subject?英语是必修课吗?
  • Compulsory schooling ends at sixteen.义务教育至16岁为止。
12 obesity Dv1ya     
n.肥胖,肥大
参考例句:
  • One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。
  • Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。
13 inflicted cd6137b3bb7ad543500a72a112c6680f     
把…强加给,使承受,遭受( inflict的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • They inflicted a humiliating defeat on the home team. 他们使主队吃了一场很没面子的败仗。
  • Zoya heroically bore the torture that the Fascists inflicted upon her. 卓娅英勇地承受法西斯匪徒加在她身上的酷刑。
14 horrifying 6rezZ3     
a.令人震惊的,使人毛骨悚然的
参考例句:
  • He went to great pains to show how horrifying the war was. 他极力指出战争是多么的恐怖。
  • The possibility of war is too horrifying to contemplate. 战争的可能性太可怕了,真不堪细想。
15 bruises bruises     
n.瘀伤,伤痕,擦伤( bruise的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • He was covered with bruises after falling off his bicycle. 他从自行车上摔了下来,摔得浑身伤痕。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The pear had bruises of dark spots. 这个梨子有碰伤的黑斑。 来自《简明英汉词典》
16 aggression WKjyF     
n.进攻,侵略,侵犯,侵害
参考例句:
  • So long as we are firmly united, we need fear no aggression.只要我们紧密地团结,就不必惧怕外来侵略。
  • Her view is that aggression is part of human nature.她认为攻击性是人类本性的一部份。
17 pessimism r3XzM     
n.悲观者,悲观主义者,厌世者
参考例句:
  • He displayed his usual pessimism.他流露出惯有的悲观。
  • There is the note of pessimism in his writings.他的著作带有悲观色彩。
18 breakdowns 919fc9fd80aa490eca3549d2d73016e3     
n.分解( breakdown的名词复数 );衰竭;(车辆或机器的)损坏;统计分析
参考例句:
  • Her old car was unreliable, so the trip was plagued by breakdowns. 她的旧车老不听使唤,一路上总是出故障。 来自辞典例句
  • How do we prevent these continual breakdowns? 我们如何防止这些一再出现的故障? 来自辞典例句
19 humiliated 97211aab9c3dcd4f7c74e1101d555362     
感到羞愧的
参考例句:
  • Parents are humiliated if their children behave badly when guests are present. 子女在客人面前举止失当,父母也失体面。
  • He was ashamed and bitterly humiliated. 他感到羞耻,丢尽了面子。
20 resentment 4sgyv     
n.怨愤,忿恨
参考例句:
  • All her feelings of resentment just came pouring out.她一股脑儿倾吐出所有的怨恨。
  • She cherished a deep resentment under the rose towards her employer.她暗中对她的雇主怀恨在心。
21 immature Saaxj     
adj.未成熟的,发育未全的,未充分发展的
参考例句:
  • Tony seemed very shallow and immature.托尼看起来好像很肤浅,不夠成熟。
  • The birds were in immature plumage.这些鸟儿羽翅未全。
22 relevance gVAxg     
n.中肯,适当,关联,相关性
参考例句:
  • Politicians' private lives have no relevance to their public roles.政治家的私生活与他们的公众角色不相关。
  • Her ideas have lost all relevance to the modern world.她的想法与现代社会完全脱节。
23 undoubtedly Mfjz6l     
adv.确实地,无疑地
参考例句:
  • It is undoubtedly she who has said that.这话明明是她说的。
  • He is undoubtedly the pride of China.毫无疑问他是中国的骄傲。
24 deterrent OmJzY     
n.阻碍物,制止物;adj.威慑的,遏制的
参考例句:
  • Large fines act as a deterrent to motorists.高额罚款是对开车的人的制约。
  • I put a net over my strawberries as a deterrent to the birds.我在草莓上罩了网,免得鸟歇上去。
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