Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(35 minutes)

Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

Every profession or trade, every art, and every science has its technical vocabulary. Different occupations, however, differ widely in the character of their special vocabularies. In trades and handicrafts, and other vocations², like farming and fishery, that have occupied great numbers of men from remote times, the technical vocabulary, is very old. It consists largely of native words, or of borrowed words that have worked themselves into the very fiber³ of our language. Hence, though highly technical in many particulars, these vocabularies are more familiar in sound, and more generally understood, than most other technicalities. The special dialects of law, medicine, divinity, and philosophy have also, in their older strata⁴, become pretty familiar to cultivated persons and have contributed much to the popular vocabulary. Yet every vocation¹ still possesses a large body of technical terms that remain essentially⁵ foreign, even to educated speech. And the proportion has been much increased in the last fifty years, particularly in the various departments of natural and  and in the mechanic arts. Here new terms are coined with the greatest freedom, and abandoned with indifference⁶ when they have served their turn. Most of the new coinages are confined to special discussions, and seldom get into general literature or conversation. Yet no profession is nowadays, as all professions once were, a close guild⁷ （行会）. The lawyer, the physician, the man of science, the divine, associated freely with his fellow-creatures, and does not meet them in a merely professional way. Furthermore, what is called "popular science" makes everybody acquainted with modern views and recent discoveries. Any important experiment, though made in a remote or provincial⁸ laboratory, is at once reported in the newspapers, and everybody is soon talking about it as in the case of the Roentgen rays and wireless⁹ telegraphy. Thus our common speech is always taking up new technical  commonplace.

21.Special words used in technical discussion.
A) never last long
B) should be confined to scientific fields
C) may become part of common speech
D) are considered artificial language speech

22.It is true that.
A) everyone is interested in scientific findings
B) the average man often uses in his own vocabulary what was once technical language not meant for him
C) an educated person would be expected to know most technical terms
D) various professions and occupations often interchange their dialects and jargons¹⁰

23.In recent years,there has been a marked increase in the number of technical terms in the terminology¹¹ of.
A) fishery B) farming C) government D) sports

24.The writer of the article was, undoubtedly¹² .
A) a linguist¹³ B) an attorney C) a scientist D) an essayist

25.The author’s main purpose in the passage is to.
A) describe a phenomenon
B) propose a solution
C) be entertaining
D) argue a belief

内容概要:本文讨论的重点是各行各业的专业词汇。不同的职业，其专业词汇具有自身的特征。比如商业、手工业、农业及渔业的专业词汇中包含大量的古文。然而，随着大众科学的普及，人们对近期的发明创造变得越来越熟悉，并将某些专有名词应用在了自己的日常交流之中了。

21.【答案】C。
【译文】用于技术交流中的某些专用词汇也可以用于日常交流之中。
【试题分析】细节辨析题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。
【详细解答】见文章最后一句话，Thus our common speech is always taking up new technical  commonplace. 说明人们在日常谈话中总会使用一些新的专有词汇使之成为日常用语。这一思想与答案C一致。

22.【答案】B。
【译文】普通人会在自己的日常用语中使用他过去并不使用的专用术语。
【试题分析】细节辨析题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。
【详细解答】本题与前面的21题有相通之处。根据文章内容，A（每个人都对科学发现感兴趣）是没有根据的、太过绝对的断言；C（受过教育的人都应该了解大多数的专有名词）显然也是无根据的，而“不同的专业或行业之间经常互换行话”（选项D）在文中也找不到根据。只有答案B与文章的最后几句话相吻合。

23.【答案】C。
【译文】近年来，专用术语的数量具有明显增长的是行政管理方面的术语。
【试题分析】细节辨析题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。
【详细解答】该段文章的段中有一句话：And the proportion has been much increased in the last fifty years, particularly in the various departments of natural and  and in the mechanic arts.说明自然科学、政治学及机械学领域的术语增加最快，只有答案C符合这种说法。

24.【答案】A。
【译文】该文作者肯定是一名语言学家。
【试题分析】综合分析题，通过理解全文推理得知答案。
【详细解答】根据文章所谈论的主题，即不同行业的专用术语的问题，显然作者是一位语言学家，而不是律师（B）科学家（C）或评论家（D）。

25.【答案】A。
【译文】作者写作本文的主要目的是描写一种现象。
【试题分析】综合分析推论题，在理解全文的基础上推理得知答案。
【详细解答】根据全文内容，作者在文中介绍了各种不同行业的专用名词的特点，以及这些术语的发展和使用情况，显然是陈述性质的，是向读者描述某种现象，而不是为了提供解决问题的方案（B），因为根本没有提出任何问题；更不是为了娱乐（C）和争辩（D）。因此正确答案是A。