Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

Efforts to educate people about the risks of substance abuse（毒品滥用）seem to deter¹ some people from using dangerous substances, if such efforts are realistic about what is genuinely dangerous and what is not. Observed declines in the use of such drugs as LSD, PCP, and quaaludes since the early 1970s are probably related to increased awareness² of the risks of their use, and some of this awareness was the result of warnings about these drugs in " underground "papers read by drug users. Such sources are influential³, because they do not give a simple "all drugs are terrible for you" message. Drug users know there are big variations in danger among drugs, and antidrug education that ignores or denies this is likely to be ridiculed⁴. This is illustrated⁵ by the popularity among young marijuana users of Reefer Madness, a widely unrealistic propaganda film against marijuana made in the 1930s. This film made the rounds of college campuses in the 1970s and joined rock music videos on cable television’s MTV in the 1980s. Instead of deterring⁶ marijuana use, it became a cult（风靡一时的）film among users, many of whom got high to watch it.

Although persuasion⁷ can work for some people  and reasonable, other people seem immune to the most reasoned educational efforts. Millions have started smoking even though the considerable health risks of smoking have been well known and publicized for years. Moreover, the usefulness of education lies in primary prevention: prevention of abuse among those who presently have no problem. Hence, Bomier’s contention⁸ that "if the Pepsi generation can be persuaded to drink pop wine, they can be persuaded not to drink it while driving" is probably not correct, since most drunken driving is done by people who already have significant drinking problems, and hence seem not to be dissuaded⁹ even by much stronger measures such as loss of a driver’s license¹⁰. 

36.According to the passage, up to now, antidrug education.
A) has made all people see the danger of drugs
B) has succeeded in dissuading¹¹ people from using drugs
C) has been effective only to a certain degree
D) has proved to be a total failure

37.The film "Reefer Madness" mentioned in the passage.
A) effectively deterred¹² marijuana use
B) was rejected by young marijuana users
C) did not picture the danger of marijuana realistically
D) was welcomed by marijuana users because it told them how to get high

38.The message "all drugs are terrible for you" is not influential because.
A) it ignores the fact that drugs vary greatly in danger
B) it gives a false account of the risks of drug use
C) some drugs are good for health
D) it does not appear in underground papers

39.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A) Even balanced and reasonable antidrug persuasion is influential only to some people.
B) Most drug users are ignorant of the danger of drugs.
C) Punishments such as loss of a driver’s license do not seem to be an effective way to stop drunken driving.
D) Primary prevention is a useful principle to be followed in antidrug education.

40.The best title for the passage would be .
A) Are All Drugs Terrible for You?
B) Do People Believe What Underground Papers Say?
C) Is There an Increased Awareness of the Risks of Drugs?
D) Can Persuasion Reduce Drug Abuse?

内容概要:本文讨论的人们对滥用毒品采取的态度问题。随着人们对毒品危害性的日益了解，毒品滥用的情况在减少，但“所有毒品都对人有极大危害”的说法显然不具有太大的影响力，因为人们都很明了毒品的毒性是有很大差异的。反毒品教育只是在一定程度上降低了毒品滥用的情况，但这个问题任重道远。

36.【答案】C。
【译文】根据文章内容得知，到目前为止，反毒品教育只是在某种程度上起到了一定的效果。
【试题分析】细节辨析题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。
【详细解答】文章第一段所述，antidrug education既没有完全失败（选项D. a total failure），也不是如选项A，B那样使所有的人都意识到了吸毒的危害，而是Observed declines in the use of such drugs…即在某种程度上了解了其危害，所以只有C是正确的。

37.【答案】C。
【译文】文中提到的Reefer Madness这部电影没有真实地反映大麻的危害。
【试题分析】细节辨析题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。
【详细解答】见文章第一段最后几行，了解到…Reefer Madness, a widely unrealistic propaganda film against marijuana made in the 1930s.也就是说，这部电影是一部相当不真实的反大麻宣传影片，因此正确答案是C。

38.【答案】A。
【译文】“所有的毒品对人的危害都极大”这种说法没有影响力是因为它忽略了毒品在危害性方面差异很大的事实。
【试题分析】细节辨析题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。
【详细解答】见文章第1段中部，Such sources are influential, because they do not give a simple “all drugs are terrible for you” message. Drug users know there are big variations in danger among drugs, and antidrug education that ignores or denies this is likely to be ridiculed.明确得知答案是A。

39.【答案】B。
【译文】大多数吸毒者对毒品的危害都视而不见，这种说法是错误的。
【试题分析】细节辨析题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。
【详细解答】见文章第1段中部，Such sources are influential, because they do not give a simple “all drugs are terrible for you” message. Drug users know there are big variations in danger among drugs, and antidrug education that ignores or denies this is likely to be ridiculed. 得知吸毒者了解毒品在危害性上差异很大，因此答案是B。

40.【答案】D。
【译文】本文的题目是：勿滥用毒品--能劝好吗？
【试题分析】综合归纳题，在理解全文基础上推理得知答案。
【详细解答】根据文章的主题，作者不是解释是否所有的毒品都有害（A），也不是吸毒的危害性是否已经被人所知（C），更不是地下报纸的可信度问题（B），正确答案只能是D。