1. It is logical that a detailed¹ learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient.
　　detail 细节
　　property 属性
　　A. Right
　　B. Wrong
　　C. Not mentioned
　　「答案」：A
　　Plants and Mankind
　　Botany, the study of plants, occupies a peculiar² position in the history of human knowledge. We don’t know what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of preindustrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient.This is logical.
　　2. People can not survive without plants.
　　viv=life
　　survive 幸存
　　A. Right
　　B. Wrong
　　C. Not mentioned
　　「答案」：A
　　basis 基础
　　pyramid 金字塔
　　Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, dyes, medicines, shelter, and many other purposes.
　　3. Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon teach botany to their children at school.
　　Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of “knowledge” at all.
　　botany 植物学
　　branch 分支
　　3. Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon teach botany to their children at school.
　　A. Right
　　B. Wrong
　　C. Not mentioned
　　「答案」：B
　　4. Our direct contact with plants grows with the process of industrialization.
　　industry 工业
　　industrial 工业的
　　industrialization 工业化
　　modernization³ 现代化
　　A. Right
　　B. Wrong
　　C. Not mentioned
　　「答案」：B
　　Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows.
　　5. Today people usually acquire a large amount of botanical knowledge from textbooks.
　　acquire=learn=get 学习，得到
　　Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid⁴.
　　conscious 有意识的
　　unconscious 无意识的
　　5. Today people usually acquire a large amount of botanical knowledge from textbooks.
　　A. Right
　　B. Wrong
　　C. Not mentioned
　　「答案」：B
　　6. People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,000 years ago.
　　When our Neolithic⁵ ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken.
　　ancestors 祖先
　　harvest 收获，收割
　　6. People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,000 years ago.
　　A. Right
　　B. Wrong
　　C. Not mentioned
　　「答案」：A
　　7. Once mankind began farming, they no longer had to get food from many varieties that grew wild.
　　farming 庄稼种植
　　Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel⁶ of agriculture: cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy⁷ with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.
　　increasingly=gradually 渐渐地
　　once 一旦=at once 马上
　　=right away
　　=immediately
　　=right now
　　7. Once mankind began farming, they no longer had to get food from many varieties that grew wild.
　　A. Right
　　B. Wrong
　　C. Not mentioned
　　「答案」：B

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