Computers
　　问题1.Equipped with computers, managers today operate their firms with higher efficiency and less cost than they used to be.
　　operate a firm 经营>
　　run a firm
　　efficiency 高效
　　efficient 高效的
　　A.Right
　　B.Wrong
　　C.Not mentioned
　　答案：A
　　Before the widespread use of computers, managers could not make full use of large amounts of valuable information about a company's activities. The information either reached managers too late or was too expensive to be used. Today, managers are facing a wide range of data processing and information instruments.
　　spread 扩散
　　widespread推广
　　make full use of 完全使用、充分利用
　　问题2.Today, conventional financial controls are still exercised in some minor¹ areas such as billing and vocational training.
　　conventional 保守的，传统的
　　exercised=used=operated
　　minor次要
　　major主要的
　　bill账单
　　in place of =take place of =replace代替
　　A.Right
　　B.Wrong
　　C.Not mentioned
　　答案：B
　　In place of a few financial controls, managers can draw on computer-based information systems to control activities in every area of their company. On any kinds of performance measures, the information provided by these systems helps managers compare standards with actual results, find out problems, and take corrective action before it is too late to make changes.
　　问题3. It is unnecessary for a neighborhood baker² to use a computer in his shop.
　　necessary必要的
　　unnecessary没必要的
　　baker面包师
　　neighbourhood shopkeeper
　　A.Right
　　B.Wrong
　　C.Not mentioned
　　答案：B
　　The introduction of computerized information systems has sharply changed management control in many companies. Even a neighborhood shopkeeper may now use computer to control sales, billing, and other activities. In large companies, electronic data processing systems monitor entire projects and sets of operations.
　　4.At present about 10% of American citizens possess a microcomputer³.
　　At present=now
　　10%:one for ten=every ten=one out of ten
　　ten percent=one tenth
　　three tenths十分之三
　　10%=0.1 point one
　　A.Right
　　B.Wrong
　　C.Not mentioned
　　答案：A
　　Now, there are about 24 million microcomputers⁴ in use in the United States — one for every 10 citizens.
　　possess=have=own
　　问题5.One thing that managers do not have to understand is how computer work.
　　A.Right
　　B.Wrong
　　C.Not mentioned
　　答案：B
　　It is estimated that by 1996, 61 percent of American managers will be using some sort of electronic work station. In order for managers to be sure that the computer-based information they are receiving is accurate, they need to understand how computers work.
　　问题6.In some cases managers have to learn how to write programs so as to work out computerized information systems that suit their own companies best.
　　so as to=so that=in order that
　　A.Right
　　B.Wrong
　　C.Not mentioned
　　答案：C
　　However, in most cases they do not need to learn how to program computers. Rather, managers should understand how computerized information systems work；how they are developed；their limitations and costs；and the manner in which information systems may be used. Such an understanding is not difficult to achieve.
　　问题7.Computerized firms would rather employ business graduates than computer science graduates because it is easier to train the former into qualified⁵ employees.
　　would rather A than B宁做A也不做B
　　prefer A to B宁愿 A也不B
　　train培训
　　former 前者
　　latter 后者
　　be qualified for ……称职
　　qualify for v.
　　quality 质量n.
　　A.Right
　　B.Wrong
　　C.Not mentioned
　　答案：A
　　One research found that business firms were more successful in teaching basic information about computers to business graduates than they were in teaching business subjects to computer science graduates.

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