自考“英语(一)”笔记 二十八
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
10.nuclear  adj. 核子的,核能的;中心的

  Mao Zetong used to say that under no circumstances would China be the first to use nuclear weapons.

  (毛泽东曾经说过在任何情况下,中国都不会第一个使用核武器。)

  Greece was once a nuclear civilization of the world. (希腊一度是世界文明的中心。)

  a nuclear explosion  核爆炸    nuclear electricity  核电力

  a nuclear power plant  核电站  nuclear technology  核技术

  the nuclear age  核时代       nuclear monopoly  核垄断

  nuclear waste  核废料         a nuclear nation  拥有核武器的国家

  nuclear bomb  核弹           nuclear disarmament  核裁军

  nuclear family  核心家庭       nuclear-free zone  无核区

  nuclear fuel  核燃料           nuclear reactor  核反应堆

  11. nucleus1  n. 核,核心,中心;起点,开始

  These young people formed the nucleus of the internet bar. (这些年轻人成了网吧的核心。)

  The strange behavior of the absent-minded professor became the nucleus of all the stories.

  (“心不在焉”教授的奇异举止成为所有故事的中心内容。)

  12.  agricultural  adj. 农业的

  agriculture  n. 农业

  More and more modern agricultural methods are used in that village.

  (在那个村子里,人们越来越多地使用现代农业方法。)

  The agricultural production is on the rise this year. (今年的农业生产呈上升态势。)

  His solution greatly improved the agriculture in this area. (他的方法极大地推动了这一地区的农业发展。)

  13. industrial  adj. 工业的,产业的

  industrialize  v. (使)工业化

  The industrial output of this city doubled last year. (去年这个城市的工业产量增加了一倍。)

  The Industrial Revolution influenced the whole world. (工业革命影响了全世界。)

  The country has been steadily2 industrializing. (这个国家一直在稳步实现工业化。)

  14. post-industrial  adj. 后工业化的

  post- 是一个前缀,表示“后”:如:

  post-war policies  战后政策

  postdoctoral  博士后的

  postgraduate3 courses  研究生课程

  post-harvest storage  收后贮藏

  postimpressionism  后印象主义

  15.earner  n. 赚钱者;获得收入者

  earnings4  n. 挣得的财物;收入,利润

  earn  v. 挣得,获得

  How many earners are there in your family? (你们家几个人挣钱?)

  Father is not the only earner in the family. (父亲不是家里唯一挣钱的人。)

  What are you going to do with your earnings? (挣来的钱你打算干什么用?)

  He earns 40 dollars a day. (他每天挣四十美元。)

  How did he make his living? (他靠什么谋生?)

  His brave act won him the name of a hero. (他的英勇行为使他得到了英雄的名声。)

  16. split  v. 撕裂;分开;使分裂;分担      n. 分裂,裂口

  He is splitting the firewood with an axe5. (他正用斧子劈木柴。)

  They split the cost of the party between them. (他们两人分担了宴会的费用。)

  They split up after years of marriage. (他们俩结婚多年之后分开了。)

  She split with her boyfriend last week. (上个星期她与她的男友绝交了。)

  Mother mended a split in my trousers. (妈妈缝好了我裤子上的一条裂缝。)

  split-hair 极其精确的;过分琐细的

  split second 一刹那

  split-level 错层式的

  split personality 分裂人格

  17. divorce  v. 离婚;与…离婚  n. 离婚

  The child's parents divorced last month. (这孩子父母上个月离了婚。)

  He divorced his wife. (他同妻子离了婚。)

  I don't think it is possible to divorce sports from politics. (我认为把体育与政治分离开来是不可能的。)

  本课主要构词法

  affixation6 (词缀法)

  1. 名词后缀 -ion definition

  2. 名词后缀 -age marriage

  3. 名词后缀 -ity security

  4. 形容词后缀 -al agricultural,industrial,traditional,social

  5. 动词后缀 -ize industrialize

  本课简介

  在Families这篇课文中,作者首先告诉我们对于不同的人来说“家庭”有不同的含义,但是家庭意味着某种归属这一点是所有人的共识。作者还对核心家庭和大家庭的演变进行了分析,从中我们更可以看出家庭成员在家庭中的角色和作用的变化。

  本课语言点

  1. …a group of people related by blood or marriage, …

  句子中的by常可与某些名词连用,在名词前面不加定冠词the,意思相当于“with regard to”,“according to”。请看下面的例句:

  1) He is an Englishman by birth. (他祖籍英国。)

  2) He is a teacher by profession. (他以医生为职业。)

  3) By birth and by education Thomas Jefferson belonged to the highest social class, but he never looked down upon the working-class people.

  (按其出生和所受的教育,托马斯·杰弗逊都属于社会的了最高阶层,但他从来不轻视劳动人民。)

  relate是一个动词,在句子中的意思是“使联系”。请看例句:

  1)It is not difficult for people to relate the result to the cause. (人们要把结果和原因联系起来并不困难。)

  2)It might be more helpful to you if you can relate theory to practice.

  (如果你能把理论和实践联系起来,对你的帮助也许会更大。)

  relate还可解释为叙述;有关,涉及;相处得好

  1) He related us a story vividly7. (他生动地给我们讲述了一个故事。)

  2) His talk related to the international situation. (他的讲话涉及国际形势。)

  3) He relates very well to his classmates. (他和同学们相处得很好。)

  related可以做形容词用,意思是“有联系的,相关的。”

  1) These four people are closely related to each other. (这四个人联系紧密。)

  2) He is very much interesting in painting and the related arts. (他对绘画及其有关的艺术很感兴趣。)



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 nucleus avSyg     
n.核,核心,原子核
参考例句:
  • These young people formed the nucleus of the club.这些年轻人成了俱乐部的核心。
  • These councils would form the nucleus of a future regime.这些委员会将成为一个未来政权的核心。
2 steadily Qukw6     
adv.稳定地;不变地;持续地
参考例句:
  • The scope of man's use of natural resources will steadily grow.人类利用自然资源的广度将日益扩大。
  • Our educational reform was steadily led onto the correct path.我们的教学改革慢慢上轨道了。
3 postgraduate ulMzNh     
adj.大学毕业后的,大学研究院的;n.研究生
参考例句:
  • I didn't put down that I had postgraduate degree.我没有写上我有硕士学位。
  • After college,Mary hopes to do postgraduate work in law school.大学毕业后, 玛丽想在法学院从事研究工作。
4 earnings rrWxJ     
n.工资收人;利润,利益,所得
参考例句:
  • That old man lives on the earnings of his daughter.那个老人靠他女儿的收入维持生活。
  • Last year there was a 20% decrease in his earnings.去年他的收入减少了20%。
5 axe 2oVyI     
n.斧子;v.用斧头砍,削减
参考例句:
  • Be careful with that sharp axe.那把斧子很锋利,你要当心。
  • The edge of this axe has turned.这把斧子卷了刃了。
6 affixation d75b99753c25b66147c4fd62f75bfdbc     
n.附加,附加法,加词缀法
参考例句:
  • An affixation compound is composed of a substantive morpheme and an empty morpheme. 在词的构成成分中,实语素叫词根,虚语素叫词缀。 来自互联网
7 vividly tebzrE     
adv.清楚地,鲜明地,生动地
参考例句:
  • The speaker pictured the suffering of the poor vividly.演讲者很生动地描述了穷人的生活。
  • The characters in the book are vividly presented.这本书里的人物写得栩栩如生。
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