Article 12 In formulating¹ national standards， the administrative² department in charge of standardization³ under the State Council shall be responsible for making plans， organizing drafting， examination and approval， numbering and promulgation⁴. In formulating national standards for project construction， pharmaceuticals⁵， food hygiene⁶， veterinary medicine and environmental protection， the competent departments in charge of project construction， public health， agriculture and environmental protection under the State Council shall be responsible for organizing drafting and examination and approval in their respective departments. The procedures for numbering and promulgation shall be formulated⁸ by the administrative department in charge of standardization under the State Council in conjunction with the relevant competent departments under the State Council.

　　Where there are， in law， provisions different from those above for the formulation of national standards， those provisions in law shall prevail.

　　Article 13 If there are no national standards for those technical requirements which need to be standardized⁹ for certain trades throughout the country， trade standards （including the making of sample standards） may be formulated. Items of trade standards to be formulated shall be determined¹⁰ by the relevant competent administrative departments under the State Council.

　　Article 14 In formulating trade standards， the relevant competent administrative departments under the State Council shall be responsible for drawing up plans， organizing drafting， examination and approval， numbering and promulgation and they should report to the administrative department in charge of standardization under the State Council for the record.

　　Trade standards shall be null and void automatically after the corresponding national standards have taken effect.

　　Article 15 Local standards may be formulated for the safety and sanitation¹¹ requirements for industrial goods which need to be unified¹² in the provinces， autonomous¹³ regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government， in the absence of national standards or trade standards for them. Items of local standards to be formulated shall be determined by the administrative departments for standardization of the people's governments in the provinces， autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

　　Article 16 In formulating local standards， the administrative departments for standardization of the people's governments in the provinces， autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be responsible for drawing up plans， organizing drafting， examination and approval， numbering and promulgation， and they should report to the administrative department in charge of standardization under the State Council and the relevant competent departments under the Council for the record. Where there are， in law， provisions different from those above for the formulation of local standards， those provisions in law shall prevail.

　　Local standards shall be null and void automatically after the corresponding national standards or trade standards go into effect.

　　Article 17 In the absence of national standards， trade standards and local standards for certain products， the enterprises producing such products shall formulate⁷ their own standards as the basis for organizing production. Enterprise standards shall be formulated by the relevant enterprises themselves （procedures for formulating standards for agricultural enterprises shall be provided for separately）， and shall be filed for the record in accordance with the provisions of the people's governments in the provinces， autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government. Where there are already national standards， trade standards and local standards， enterprises should be encouraged to formulate enterprise standards which are stricter than the corresponding national， trade or local standards and apply them within their enterprises.

　　Article 18 National standards and trade standards are divided into compulsory¹⁴ standards and recommendatory standards.

　　The following standards belong in the compulsory category：

　　（1） standards for pharmaceuticals， food hygiene and veterinary medicine；

　　（2） safety and hygiene standards for products and the production， storage and transportation and utilization¹⁵ of products； standards for the safety of labour and hygiene standards and safety standards for transportation；

　　（3） quality， safety and sanitation standards for project construction and other standards for project construction that must be controlled by the State；

　　（4） standards for the discharge of pollutants¹⁶ concerning environmental protection and standards for environmental quality；

　　（5） important technical terms， symbols， codes and drafting methods in common use；

　　（6） standards for commonly used methods of experimentation¹⁷ and examination；

　　（7） standards for conversion¹⁸ and coordination¹⁹；

　　（8） quality standards for the important products which need to be controlled by the State. The catalogue of the important products which need to be controlled by the State shall be fixed²⁰ by the administrative department for standardization under the State Council in conjunction with the relevant competent administrative departments under the State Council.

　　Those standards which are not compulsory are recommendatory standards. The local standards for safety and hygiene requirements for industrial products formulated by the administrative departments in charge of standardization of the people's governments in the provinces， autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government are compulsory standards in their respective administrative regions.

　　Article 19 Trade associations， research institutions for science and technology， and academic organizations should be given a role to play in formulating standards. The departments responsible for formulating national， trade and local standards should set up standardization technical committees consisting of experts from users， production units， trade associations， research institutions for science and technology， academic organizations and the departments concerned， which shall be responsible for drafting standards and examining the technical aspects of the drafts. Where standardization technical committees have not been set up， the units charged with specific responsibility for standardization technology may take charge of drafting standards and examining the technical aspects of the drafts.

　　It is necessary to heed²¹ fully²² the opinions of the users and research institutions for science and technology in formulating enterprise standards.

　　Article 20 After standards go into effect， the departments which formulated the standards shall carry out timely reexaminations in light of the development of science and technology and the needs of economic construction. Normally， reexamination should be conducted every five years， at the longest.

　　Article 21 The procedures of coding and numbering for national， trade and local standards shall be provided for by the administrative department in charge of standardization under the State Council.

　　The procedures of coding and numbering for enterprise standards shall be provided for by the administrative department in charge of standardization under the State Council in conjunction with the relevant competent administrative departments under the State Council.

　　Article 22 The procedures of publication and distribution of standards shall be stipulated²³ by the departments which have formulated the standards.

　　Chapter IV Implementation²⁵ and Supervision²⁶ Concerning Standards

　　Article 23 Any units and individuals that are engaged in scientific research， production and operation must strictly²⁷ implement²⁴ compulsory standards. The products which do not measure up to compulsory standards may not be allowed to be produced， marketed or imported.

　　Article 24 Enterprises may go by the national， trade and local standards or enterprise standards in production. The codes， serial²⁸ numbers and names of the standards should be marked on their products， or written in the technical manuals or on the packages.

　　Article 25 The technical requirements for export products shall be agreed upon by the two contracting parties.

　　When those export products which should be subject to compulsory standards of China are sold at domestic markets， they must meet the requirements of the relevant compulsory standards.

　　Article 26 Enterprises should meet standardization requirements in developing new products， improving products or carrying out technical innovations.

　　Article 27 The administrative department in charge of standardization under the State Council organizes or authorizes³⁰ the relevant competent departments under the State Council to set up trade attestation³¹ agencies for carrying out product quality attestation.

　　Article 28 The administrative department in charge of standardization under the State Council shall be responsible for the supervision over the implementation of standards throughout the country. The relevant administrative departments under the State Council shall be responsible for the supervision over the implementation of the standards in their respective departments and trades.

　　The administration departments for standardization in the provinces， autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be responsible for the supervision over the implementation of the standards in their respective administrative areas. The relevant administrative authorities in the people's governments in the provinces， autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be responsible for the supervision over the implementation of the standards in their departments and trades in the respective administrative areas.

　　The administrative departments for standardization and the relevant administrative authorities in municipalities and counties shall be responsible for the supervision over the implementation of the standards in their respective administrative areas according to the duties assigned to them by the people's governments of the provinces， autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

　　Article 29 The administrative departments in charge of standardization in the people's governments above county level may， according to their needs， set up examination agencies or authorize²⁹ the examination agencies of other units to ensure products are up to the standards and undertake other tasks of supervision and examination concerning the implementation of standards in setting up examination agencies， attention should be paid to a rational geographical³² allocation and making full use of the available personnel and facilities.

　　The establishment of state examination agencies shall be planned and examined by the administrative department in charge of standardization under the State Council in conjunction with the relevant administrative departments under the State Council. The establishment of local examination agencies shall be planned and examined by the administrative departments in charge of standardization in the people's governments of the provinces， autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government in conjunction with the relevant administrative authorities at provincial³³ level. The data provided by the examination agencies stipulated in this Article shall be taken as the criterion in solving disputes over whether certain products are up to the relevant standards.

　　Article 30 The relevant administrative departments under the State Council may， according to the needs and relevant stipulations of the State， set up examination agencies to undertake the examination tasks in their trades and departments.

　　Article 31 State organs， social organizations， enterprises， institutions and citizens all have the right to inform against and expose acts of violating compulsory standards.

　　Chapter V Legal Liability

　　Article 32 Those who violates the Standardization Law and the relevant provisions of these Regulations in one of the following circumstances shall be ordered to correct their mistakes within a set time-limit by the administrative departments in charge of standardization or the relevant administrative authorities within their respective competence³⁴， which may also circulate notices of criticism or give administrative sanctions to the persons held responsible for the violations³⁶：

　　（1） enterprises fail to formulate standards as the basis for organizing production according to the relevant stipulations；

　　（2） enterprises fail to report standards for products to higher authorities for the record according to the relevant stipulations；

　　（3） enterprises fail to put marks on their products according to the relevant stipulations or put marks other than their own on their products；

　　（4） enterprises fail to meet standardization requirements in developing new products， improving products and carrying out technical innovations；

　　（5） provisions concerning relevant compulsory standards are violated in scientific. research， designing and production.

　　Article 33 Enterprises that produce products which fail to meet compulsory standards shall be ordered to stop production and their products shall be confiscated³⁷， destroyed under supervision or subjected to necessary technical treatment. A fine ranging from 20% to 50% of the total value of the goods shall be imposed on the enterprises and a fine of 5，000 yuan or less on the persons held responsible.

　　Those who sell goods which are not up to the compulsory standards should be ordered to stop their sales and recover the goods which have already been sold within a set time-limit. All the goods should be destroyed under supervision or subjected to necessary technical treatment. The illegal gains shall be confiscated and a fine ranging from 10% to 20% of the total value of the goods shall be imposed on the units and a fine of 5，000 yuan or less on the persons held responsible.

　　If any units import goods which are not up to compulsory standards， the goods should be sealed up for safekeeping and confiscated， destroyed under supervision or subjected to necessary technical treatment. A fine ranging from 20% to 50% of the total value of the imported goods shall be imposed on the units； administrative sanctions shall be given to and a fine of 5，000 yuan or less may also be imposed on the persons held responsible. The order to stop production and the administrative sanctions provided for in this Article shall be decided³⁸ by the relevant administrative authorities. Other administrative sanctions shall be decided by the administrative departments for standardization and the administrative departments in charge of industry and commerce within their competence.

　　Article 34 Where units cause serious consequences and commit crimes by producing， marketing³⁹ and importing products which fall short of the compulsory standards， the persons directly responsible shall be investigated for criminal liabilities by the judicial⁴⁰ organs according to law.

　　Article 35 Where products which have obtained attestation certificates and are sold with attestation marks are not up to the attestation standards， the administrative departments in charge of standardization shall order the relevant units to stop their sales and impose a fine twice the amount of the illegal gains or less. In more serious cases， the attestation departments shall revoke⁴¹ their attestation certificates.

　　Article 36 If any units sell their goods with attestation marks when the goods have not been attested⁴² or have been rejected in attestation， the administrative departments in charge of standardization shall order them to stop their sales and impose a fine three times the amount of the illegal gains or less on these units and a fine of 5，000 yuan or less on the persons in charge of these units.

　　Article 37 Litigants⁴⁴ that disagree with penalties of confiscation⁴⁵ of goods and illegal gains and fines， may， within 15 days of receipt of notification of such penalties， apply for reconsideration to the organs immediately superior to the authorities which have meted⁴⁶ out the penalties. A litigant⁴³ that disagrees with a reconsideration decision， may， within 15 days of receipt of the reconsideration decision， file a suit with a people's court. A litigant may also directly file a suit with a people's court within 15 days of receipt of notification of the penalties. If a litigant neither applies for a reconsideration nor files a suit with a people's court nor performs the penalty decision， the department which has made the decision shall apply to the people's court for mandatory⁴⁷ enforcement.

　　Article 38 The penalties provided for in Articles 32 to 36 of these Regulations shall not exempt⁴⁸ the litigant from the damages liabilities arising therefrom. Those who have suffered damages have the right to claim compensation from the persons held responsible. Damages liabilities and disputes over the amounts of compensation may be dealt with by the relevant administrative authorities and the litigants may also directly file a suite⁴⁹ with a people's court.

　　Article 39 Persons in charge of supervision， examination and administration of standardization work that commit one of the following acts shall be given administrative sanctions by the relevant competent authorities； if crimes result from those acts， they shall be investigated for criminal liabilities by the judicial organs according to law：

　　（1） making errors that cause damage in violation³⁵ of certain provisions of these Regulations；

　　（2） forging and tampering⁵⁰ with examination data；

　　（3） engaging in self-seeking misconduct， abusing power and asking for and accepting bribes⁵¹.

　　Article 40 All the revenue derived⁵² from confiscation and pecuniary⁵³ penalties shall be turned over to the state treasury⁵⁴. The fines imposed on units must all be paid from their own funds and may not be included in the cost. The fines imposed on the persons held responsible may not be reimbursed⁵⁵ with public money.

　　Chapter VI Supplementary⁵⁶ Provisions

　　Article 41 Regulations concerning standardization administration applicable in the Army shall be separately formulated by the State Council and the Military Commission of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.

　　Article 42 Regulations concerning standardization administration for project construction shall be separately formulated by the competent department in charge of project construction under the State Council in accordance with the Standardization Law and the relevant provisions of these Regulations. They shall go into effect after the approval by the State Council.

　　Article 43 These Regulations shall be interpreted by the State Bureau of Technology Supervision.

　　Article 44 These Regulations shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.

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