信息产业部计算机信息系统集成资质管理办法(试行)
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信部规[1999]1047号
颁布日期:19991212  实施日期:20000101  颁布单位:信息产业部

  PART ONE GENERAL PROVISIONS

  Article 1 These Procedures are formulated1 in accordance with the relevant State regulations in order to meet the needs of China's transition to an information-based environment and the development of the information industry, to strengthen the standardized2 administration of the market for integrated computer information systems and to ensure the engineering quality of computer information systems.

  Article 2 The "integration3 of computer information systems" means engagement in the overall planning, design, development, realization4, servicing and safeguarding of computer application system engineering and network system engineering.

  Article 3 To be "qualified5 to integrate computer information systems" means to have the overall ability to engage in the integration of computer information systems, and includes key factors such as the level of technology, management and service, the ability to guarantee quality, the technical setup, the quality of system construction, the structure and quality of personnel, business achievements, status of assets, etc.

  Article 4 All work units that engage in the integration of computer information systems must have their qualifications certified6 and obtain a Qualification Certificate to Integrate Computer Information Systems (Qualification Certificate).

  Article 5 All work units that need to establish a computer information system shall select a computer information system integration work unit that holds a Qualification Certificate of the relevant grade to undertake the construction of the computer information system.

  PART TWO ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION OF CERTIFICATION

  Article 6 The Ministry7 of Information Industry is responsible for the administration of certifying8 qualifications to integrate computer information systems. This shall include designating and administering the qualification certification authority, issuing procedures and standards for administration, examining and approving qualifications and publishing qualification certification results.

  Article 7 The Ministry of Information Industry will establish the Commission for Administering the Certification of Computer Information Systems Integration Qualifications (the Qualification Certification Commission), which is to have overall responsibility for coordinating9 and administering the certification of qualifications. The following institutions shall be established under the Qualification Certification Commission: the Expert Committee for the Certification of Computer Information Systems Integration Qualifications (the Expert Committee), which will provide technical consultancy and participate in the appraisal10 of qualifications; and the Office for Certifying Computer Information System Integration Qualifications (the Qualification Certification Office), which will handle the day-to-day certification of qualifications and be responsible for specifically organizing and implementing11 the certification of qualifications.

  Article 8 The Office for Certifying Computer Information System Integration Qualifications of the Ministry of Information Industry shall provisionally be established in the China Software Evaluation12 Centre.

  Article 9 The persons engaged in certifying qualifications shall be competent at their jobs and uphold the principles of being impartial13 and working in a scientific, practical and realistic manner.

  PART THREE GRADING OF QUALIFICATIONS

  Article 10 The qualification to integrate computer information systems is divided into grades 1, 2, 3 and 4.

  Article 11 The capacity to undertake projects corresponding to each grade is set out below:

  Holders14 of grade 1 are competent to independently undertake all types of computer information system construction at the State, provincial15 (ministerial), industry and prefectural (municipal) level (and below) as well as at the large-, medium- and small-scale enterprise level.

  Holders of grade 2 are competent to independently undertake computer information system construction at the provincial (ministerial), industry and prefectural (municipal) level (and below) as well as at the large-, medium- and small-scale enterprise level. They may also cooperatively undertake computer information system construction at the State level.

  Holders of grade 3 are competent to independently undertake computer information system construction at the medium- and small-scale enterprise level, and may cooperatively undertake computer information system construction at the large-scale enterprise level (or equivalent scale).

  Holders of grade 4 are competent to independently undertake computer information system construction at the small-scale enterprise level, and may cooperatively undertake computer information system construction at the medium-scale enterprise level (or equivalent scale).

  PART FOUR APPLICATION FOR AND APPRAISAL OF QUALIFICATIONS

  Article 12 Work units applying for certification of their qualifications must meet the following conditions:

  1. to have independent legal person status;

  2. to have been independently or cooperatively engaged in computer information system integration business for not less than two years;

  3. to have the capability16 to engage in the integration of computer information systems and to have completed at least three projects to integrate computer information systems;

  4. to have a team of full-time17 personnel who are competent to integrate computer information systems and to have an organization and management system; and

  5. to have a fixed18 place of work and an environment with advanced equipment for development and integration of information systems.

  Article 13 Work units that intend to apply to have their qualifications certified can determine the grade of qualification for which they can apply by reference to the Standards for Grading the Qualification To Integrate Computer Information Systems (to be issued separately).

  Article 14 Work units that intend to apply for certification of their qualifications shall truthfully complete and submit the following:

  1. the Application Form for Certification of the Qualification To Integrate Computer Information Systems; and

  2. the Registration21 Form for the Qualification To Integrate Computer Information Systems.

  Article 15 Work units that apply for a grade 1 or grade 2 qualification shall submit their application materials to the Qualification Certification Office of the Ministry of Information Industry. The qualification appraisal will be conducted according to the following procedures.

  1. After the Qualification Certification Office has checked that the materials submitted meet the requirements, it will organize an investigation22 team to carry out on-site examination of the applicant23's qualification conditions and to inspect typical computer information system integration projects completed by the applicant.

  2. The Qualification Certification Office will then organize relevant experts from the Expert Committee to carry out appraisal based on the investigation report concerning the applicant's qualifications and the investigation report concerning the typical computer information system integration projects, etc., after which the experts will issue an appraisal opinion.

  Article 16 Work units that apply for a grade 3 or grade 4 qualification shall submit their application materials to the authority in charge of the information industry of the province (municipality, autonomous24 region). After the qualification certification department of the authority in charge of the information industry of the province (municipality, autonomous region) has organized the appraisal of their qualifications, the appraisal results shall be reported to the Qualification Certification Office of the Ministry of Information Industry.

  Article 17 If, after submission25 by the Qualification Certification Office, the appraisal results are approved by the Ministry of Information Industry, the Qualification Certification Office shall issue a Qualification Certificate. The Qualification Certificate shall consist of an original and a duplicate, both of which shall have equal legal validity.

  PART FIVE SUPERVISION27 AND CONTROL OF QUALIFICATIONS

  Article 18 Supervision and control of qualifications means the continuing supervision and inspection28 of the qualification of certificated work units and the administration of any change in their qualifications.

  Article 19 Qualification Certificates shall be valid26 for four years. Certificated work units shall carry out annual internal inspections29 and submit the results to the Qualification Certification Office for the record. The Qualification Certification Office shall carry out annual inspections of certificated work units once every two years and certificate renewal30 inspections once every four years. In addition, the Qualification Certification Office shall carry out any necessary unscheduled supervision and inspection.

  Article 20 The procedures for certificate renewal inspections are as follows.

  1. Within the specified31 time limit, the work unit applying for a new certificate shall submit to the Qualification Certification Office an Application for Renewal of a Qualification Certificate To Integrate Computer Information Systems, its current Qualification Certificate To Integrate Computer Information Systems, a copy of its Business Licence for an Enterprise Legal Person and information such as the computer information system integration projects completed, details of its asset operations and any changes of management or engineering and technical personnel over the previous four years.

  2. The Qualification Certification Office will reach an inspection conclusion concerning the work unit's qualifications based on its examination of the information and the results of supervision and inspections carried out during the effective term, and note the same in the inspection record section of the duplicate of the Qualification Certificate.

  Article 21 The procedures for annual inspections are as follows.

  1. The certificated work unit shall submit the duplicate of its Qualification Certificate and the Annual Inspection Form for the Qualification To Integrate Computer Information Systems to the Qualification Certification Office. The contents of the form must be truthful19 and reliable. Any incidents caused by quality problems and any customer complaints must be reported to the Qualification Certification Office in a timely manner.

  2. The Qualification Certification Office carries out the annual inspection of the certificated work unit. If the work unit passes the annual inspection, a seal for passing annual inspection will be stamped on the duplicate of its Qualification Certificate.

  Article 22 Inspection conclusions shall be divided into "pass" "demote" and "revoke32" If the inspection conclusion is "pass" or "demote" the work unit will be issued a new original of the Qualification Certificate. If the inspection conclusion is "revoke" the work unit's Qualification Certificate will be recovered.

  Article 23 If a work unit fails to apply for an inspection to obtain a new certificate on schedule or refuses to accept supervision and inspection, it shall be deemed to have voluntarily waived33 its qualification and its Qualification Certificate shall be cancelled.

  Article 24 Work units that apply to upgrade their qualifications shall submit their applications to the Qualification Certification Office. Matters shall be handled in accordance with Part Four hereof.

  Article 25 If a certificated work unit is divided or merged34, the current Qualification Certificate must be returned to the Qualification Certification Office and inspection carried out anew.

  Article 26 If a certificated work unit changes its name, address, legal representative or person in charge of technology, it must report the change to the Qualification Certification Office within one month after occurrence of the change. The Qualification Certification Office will decide whether or not to examine and verify the qualification anew, depending on the actual circumstances.

  PART SIX PENAL35 PROVISIONS

  Article 27 If an engineering quality problem arises because the owner of the computer information system failed to select an information integration system work unit with the appropriate grade of Qualification Certificate in accordance with regulations, the relevant authority shall pursue the liability of the owner and the contractor36.

  Article 28 If, when applying for certification of qualifications or during supervision and inspection of qualifications, the applicant has falsely reported its qualification conditions or other relevant information through improper37 means such as fraud or bribery38, the Qualification Certification Office shall strictly39 re-examine and re-determine the applicant's qualifications in accordance with the standards for grading qualifications, and, if the circumstances are serious, may impose punishment ranging from suspension of the applicant

  use of the Qualification Certificate for three to six months or reduction of the grade of the qualification up to revocation40 of the Qualification Certificate.

  Article 29 Certificated work units must fully20 understand and publicize the system for certifying qualifications to integrate computer information systems and must use the Qualification Certificate properly. Anyone that alters, falsifies, lends, assigns or sells a Qualification Certificate will be punished by issuance of a warning, or by having the Qualification Certificate suspended or revoked41. If the circumstances are serious and a criminal offence has been constituted, the relevant authority shall pursue the offender's legal liability.

  Article 30 All institutions and persons engaged in the certification of qualifications must uphold the principles of carrying out certification in an impartial and scientific manner. Anyone who commits serious dereliction of duty, solicits42 or accepts bribes43 or infringes44 upon the lawful45 rights and interests of enterprises during his work shall be given administrative46 punishment by the work unit to which he belongs. If the circumstances are serious and a criminal offence has been constituted, the relevant authority shall pursue the offender's legal liability.

  PART SEVEN PUBLIC ANNOUNCEMENTS

  Article 31 A system of public announcements shall be implemented47 for the results of certification, supervision and inspection of qualifications to integrate computer information systems. The Qualification Certification Office shall make public the results of certification, and the results of supervision and inspection, of qualifications through the designated media.

  Article 32 If a work unit loses its Qualification Certificate, it may apply for a replacement48 only after it has declared the lost certificate invalid49 through the media designated by the Qualification Certification Office.

  Article 33 The Qualification Certification Office shall set up a dedicated50 web page for public announcements and an inquiry51 hotline. Persons from all sectors52 of society may check the certification of qualifications and the results of annual inspections via the dedicated web page and the hotline.

  PART EIGHT SUPPLEMENTARY53 PROVISIONS

  Article 34 Special industries (such as national defence, public security, etc.) shall handle matters according to the regulations concerning the relevant industry.

  Article 35 The Ministry of Information Industry is in charge of interpreting these Procedures.



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 formulated cfc86c2c7185ae3f93c4d8a44e3cea3c     
v.构想出( formulate的过去式和过去分词 );规划;确切地阐述;用公式表示
参考例句:
  • He claims that the writer never consciously formulated his own theoretical position. 他声称该作家从未有意识地阐明他自己的理论见解。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • This idea can be formulated in two different ways. 这个意思可以有两种说法。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
2 standardized 8hHzgs     
adj.标准化的
参考例句:
  • We use standardized tests to measure scholastic achievement. 我们用标准化考试来衡量学生的学业成绩。
  • The parts of an automobile are standardized. 汽车零件是标准化了的。
3 integration G5Pxk     
n.一体化,联合,结合
参考例句:
  • We are working to bring about closer political integration in the EU.我们正在努力实现欧盟內部更加紧密的政治一体化。
  • This was the greatest event in the annals of European integration.这是欧洲统一史上最重大的事件。
4 realization nTwxS     
n.实现;认识到,深刻了解
参考例句:
  • We shall gladly lend every effort in our power toward its realization.我们将乐意为它的实现而竭尽全力。
  • He came to the realization that he would never make a good teacher.他逐渐认识到自己永远不会成为好老师。
5 qualified DCPyj     
adj.合格的,有资格的,胜任的,有限制的
参考例句:
  • He is qualified as a complete man of letters.他有资格当真正的文学家。
  • We must note that we still lack qualified specialists.我们必须看到我们还缺乏有资质的专家。
6 certified fw5zkU     
a.经证明合格的;具有证明文件的
参考例句:
  • Doctors certified him as insane. 医生证明他精神失常。
  • The planes were certified airworthy. 飞机被证明适于航行。
7 ministry kD5x2     
n.(政府的)部;牧师
参考例句:
  • They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
  • We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。
8 certifying fb18ddb0ac22a2a37ae82d54cdb1d1e7     
(尤指书面)证明( certify的现在分词 ); 发证书给…; 证明(某人)患有精神病; 颁发(或授予)专业合格证书
参考例句:
  • Signed Commercial in quintuplicate, certifying merchandise to be of Chinese origin. 签署商业发票一式五份,证明产品的原产地为中国。
  • Other documents certifying the truthfulness of the contents of the advertisements. (三)确认广告内容真实性的其他证明文件。
9 coordinating fc35d08ba9bb2dcfdc96033a33b9ae1e     
v.使协调,使调和( coordinate的现在分词 );协调;协同;成为同等
参考例句:
  • He abolished the Operations Coordinating Board and the Planning Board. 他废除了行动协调委员会和计划委员会。 来自辞典例句
  • He's coordinating the wedding, and then we're not going to invite him? 他是来协调婚礼的,难道我们不去请他? 来自电影对白
10 appraisal hvFzt     
n.对…作出的评价;评价,鉴定,评估
参考例句:
  • What's your appraisal of the situation?你对局势是如何评估的?
  • We need to make a proper appraisal of his work.对于他的工作我们需要做出适当的评价。
11 implementing be68540dfa000a0fb38be40d32259215     
v.实现( implement的现在分词 );执行;贯彻;使生效
参考例句:
  • -- Implementing a comprehensive drug control strategy. ――实行综合治理的禁毒战略。 来自汉英非文学 - 白皮书
  • He was in no hurry about implementing his unshakable principle. 他并不急于实行他那不可动摇的原则。 来自辞典例句
12 evaluation onFxd     
n.估价,评价;赋值
参考例句:
  • I attempted an honest evaluation of my own life.我试图如实地评价我自己的一生。
  • The new scheme is still under evaluation.新方案还在评估阶段。
13 impartial eykyR     
adj.(in,to)公正的,无偏见的
参考例句:
  • He gave an impartial view of the state of affairs in Ireland.他对爱尔兰的事态发表了公正的看法。
  • Careers officers offer impartial advice to all pupils.就业指导员向所有学生提供公正无私的建议。
14 holders 79c0e3bbb1170e3018817c5f45ebf33f     
支持物( holder的名词复数 ); 持有者; (支票等)持有人; 支托(或握持)…之物
参考例句:
  • Slaves were mercilessly ground down by slave holders. 奴隶受奴隶主的残酷压迫。
  • It is recognition of compassion's part that leads the up-holders of capital punishment to accuse the abolitionists of sentimentality in being more sorry for the murderer than for his victim. 正是对怜悯的作用有了认识,才使得死刑的提倡者指控主张废除死刑的人感情用事,同情谋杀犯胜过同情受害者。
15 provincial Nt8ye     
adj.省的,地方的;n.外省人,乡下人
参考例句:
  • City dwellers think country folk have provincial attitudes.城里人以为乡下人思想迂腐。
  • Two leading cadres came down from the provincial capital yesterday.昨天从省里下来了两位领导干部。
16 capability JsGzZ     
n.能力;才能;(pl)可发展的能力或特性等
参考例句:
  • She has the capability to become a very fine actress.她有潜力成为杰出演员。
  • Organizing a whole department is beyond his capability.组织整个部门是他能力以外的事。
17 full-time SsBz42     
adj.满工作日的或工作周的,全时间的
参考例句:
  • A full-time job may be too much for her.全天工作她恐怕吃不消。
  • I don't know how she copes with looking after her family and doing a full-time job.既要照顾家庭又要全天工作,我不知道她是如何对付的。
18 fixed JsKzzj     
adj.固定的,不变的,准备好的;(计算机)固定的
参考例句:
  • Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗?
  • Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定,我们就不应该随意改变。
19 truthful OmpwN     
adj.真实的,说实话的,诚实的
参考例句:
  • You can count on him for a truthful report of the accident.你放心,他会对事故作出如实的报告的。
  • I don't think you are being entirely truthful.我认为你并没全讲真话。
20 fully Gfuzd     
adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地
参考例句:
  • The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气,然后全部呼出。
  • They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。
21 registration ASKzO     
n.登记,注册,挂号
参考例句:
  • Marriage without registration is not recognized by law.法律不承认未登记的婚姻。
  • What's your registration number?你挂的是几号?
22 investigation MRKzq     
n.调查,调查研究
参考例句:
  • In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
  • He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。
23 applicant 1MlyX     
n.申请人,求职者,请求者
参考例句:
  • He was the hundredth applicant for the job. 他是第100个申请这项工作的人。
  • In my estimation, the applicant is well qualified for this job. 据我看, 这位应征者完全具备这项工作的条件。
24 autonomous DPyyv     
adj.自治的;独立的
参考例句:
  • They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他们自豪地宣布成为新自治省的一部分。
  • This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.这件事是属于自治区权限以内的事务。
25 submission lUVzr     
n.服从,投降;温顺,谦虚;提出
参考例句:
  • The defeated general showed his submission by giving up his sword.战败将军缴剑表示投降。
  • No enemy can frighten us into submission.任何敌人的恐吓都不能使我们屈服。
26 valid eiCwm     
adj.有确实根据的;有效的;正当的,合法的
参考例句:
  • His claim to own the house is valid.他主张对此屋的所有权有效。
  • Do you have valid reasons for your absence?你的缺席有正当理由吗?
27 supervision hr6wv     
n.监督,管理
参考例句:
  • The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。
  • The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。
28 inspection y6TxG     
n.检查,审查,检阅
参考例句:
  • On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查,发现肉变质了。
  • The soldiers lined up for their daily inspection by their officers.士兵们列队接受军官的日常检阅。
29 inspections c445f9a2296d8835cd7d4a2da50fc5ca     
n.检查( inspection的名词复数 );检验;视察;检阅
参考例句:
  • Regular inspections are carried out at the prison. 经常有人来视察这座监狱。
  • Government inspections ensure a high degree of uniformity in the standard of service. 政府检查确保了在服务标准方面的高度一致。 来自《简明英汉词典》
30 renewal UtZyW     
adj.(契约)延期,续订,更新,复活,重来
参考例句:
  • Her contract is coming up for renewal in the autumn.她的合同秋天就应该续签了。
  • Easter eggs symbolize the renewal of life.复活蛋象征新生。
31 specified ZhezwZ     
adj.特定的
参考例句:
  • The architect specified oak for the wood trim. 那位建筑师指定用橡木做木饰条。
  • It is generated by some specified means. 这是由某些未加说明的方法产生的。
32 revoke aWYxX     
v.废除,取消,撤回
参考例句:
  • The university may revoke my diploma.大学可能吊销我的毕业证书。
  • The government revoked her husband's license to operate migrant labor crews.政府撤销了她丈夫管理外来打工人群的许可证。
33 waived 5fb1561b535ff0e477b379c4a7edcd74     
v.宣布放弃( waive的过去式和过去分词 );搁置;推迟;放弃(权利、要求等)
参考例句:
  • He has waived all claim to the money. 他放弃了索取这笔钱的权利。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • I waived the discourse, and began to talk of my business. 我撇开了这个话题,开始讲我的事情。 来自辞典例句
34 merged d33b2d33223e1272c8bbe02180876e6f     
(使)混合( merge的过去式和过去分词 ); 相融; 融入; 渐渐消失在某物中
参考例句:
  • Turf wars are inevitable when two departments are merged. 两个部门合并时总免不了争争权限。
  • The small shops were merged into a large market. 那些小商店合并成为一个大商场。
35 penal OSBzn     
adj.刑罚的;刑法上的
参考例句:
  • I hope you're familiar with penal code.我希望你们熟悉本州法律规则。
  • He underwent nineteen years of penal servitude for theft.他因犯了大窃案受过十九年的苦刑。
36 contractor GnZyO     
n.订约人,承包人,收缩肌
参考例句:
  • The Tokyo contractor was asked to kick $ 6000 back as commission.那个东京的承包商被要求退还6000美元作为佣金。
  • The style of house the contractor builds depends partly on the lay of the land.承包商所建房屋的式样,有几分要看地势而定。
37 improper b9txi     
adj.不适当的,不合适的,不正确的,不合礼仪的
参考例句:
  • Short trousers are improper at a dance.舞会上穿短裤不成体统。
  • Laughing and joking are improper at a funeral.葬礼时大笑和开玩笑是不合适的。
38 bribery Lxdz7Z     
n.贿络行为,行贿,受贿
参考例句:
  • FBI found out that the senator committed bribery.美国联邦调查局查明这个参议员有受贿行为。
  • He was charged with bribery.他被指控受贿。
39 strictly GtNwe     
adv.严厉地,严格地;严密地
参考例句:
  • His doctor is dieting him strictly.他的医生严格规定他的饮食。
  • The guests were seated strictly in order of precedence.客人严格按照地位高低就座。
40 revocation eWZxW     
n.废止,撤回
参考例句:
  • the revocation of planning permission 建筑许可的撤销
  • The revocation of the Edict of Nantes was signed here in 1685. 1685年南特敕令的废除是在这里宣布的。 来自互联网
41 revoked 80b785d265b6419ab99251d8f4340a1d     
adj.[法]取消的v.撤销,取消,废除( revoke的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • It may be revoked if the check is later dishonoured. 以后如支票被拒绝支付,结算可以撤销。 来自辞典例句
  • A will is revoked expressly. 遗嘱可以通过明示推翻。 来自辞典例句
42 solicits 9cf2b44c11f1dc2fe4814e3f61a7f84d     
恳请
参考例句:
  • They were planning to solicit funds from a number of organizations. 他们正计划向一些机构募集资金。
  • May I solicit your advice on a matter of some importance? 我有一件要事可以请教你吗? 来自《简明英汉词典》
43 bribes f3132f875c572eefabf4271b3ea7b2ca     
n.贿赂( bribe的名词复数 );向(某人)行贿,贿赂v.贿赂( bribe的第三人称单数 );向(某人)行贿,贿赂
参考例句:
  • It was alleged that he had taken bribes while in office. 他被指称在任时收受贿赂。
  • corrupt officials accepting bribes 接受贿赂的贪官污吏
44 infringes b406277a31ea6577ebd748c1e3adf652     
v.违反(规章等)( infringe的第三人称单数 );侵犯(某人的权利);侵害(某人的自由、权益等)
参考例句:
  • Congressmen may be reluctant to vote for legislation that infringes the traditional prerogatives of the states. 美国国会议员可能不情愿投票拥护侵犯各州传统特权的立法。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
  • I can't say whether CP21 infringes it or not. 我就不能说CP21是否侵犯了SPOT的专利。 来自企业管理英语口语(第二版)(2)
45 lawful ipKzCt     
adj.法律许可的,守法的,合法的
参考例句:
  • It is not lawful to park in front of a hydrant.在消火栓前停车是不合法的。
  • We don't recognised him to be the lawful heir.我们不承认他为合法继承人。
46 administrative fzDzkc     
adj.行政的,管理的
参考例句:
  • The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。
  • He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。
47 implemented a0211e5272f6fc75ac06e2d62558aff0     
v.实现( implement的过去式和过去分词 );执行;贯彻;使生效
参考例句:
  • This agreement, if not implemented, is a mere scrap of paper. 这个协定如不执行只不过是一纸空文。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • The economy is in danger of collapse unless far-reaching reforms are implemented. 如果不实施影响深远的改革,经济就面临崩溃的危险。 来自辞典例句
48 replacement UVxxM     
n.取代,替换,交换;替代品,代用品
参考例句:
  • We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
  • They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。
49 invalid V4Oxh     
n.病人,伤残人;adj.有病的,伤残的;无效的
参考例句:
  • He will visit an invalid.他将要去看望一个病人。
  • A passport that is out of date is invalid.护照过期是无效的。
50 dedicated duHzy2     
adj.一心一意的;献身的;热诚的
参考例句:
  • He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
  • His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。
51 inquiry nbgzF     
n.打听,询问,调查,查问
参考例句:
  • Many parents have been pressing for an inquiry into the problem.许多家长迫切要求调查这个问题。
  • The field of inquiry has narrowed down to five persons.调查的范围已经缩小到只剩5个人了。
52 sectors 218ffb34fa5fb6bc1691e90cd45ad627     
n.部门( sector的名词复数 );领域;防御地区;扇形
参考例句:
  • Berlin was divided into four sectors after the war. 战后柏林分成了4 个区。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Industry and agriculture are the two important sectors of the national economy. 工业和农业是国民经济的两个重要部门。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
53 supplementary 0r6ws     
adj.补充的,附加的
参考例句:
  • There is a supplementary water supply in case the rain supply fails.万一主水源断了,我们另外有供水的地方。
  • A supplementary volume has been published containing the index.附有索引的增补卷已经出版。
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