外资参股证券公司设立规则
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
 

中国证券监督管理委员会令第8号

Promulgated1 by the China Securities Regulatory Commission on 1 June 2002 and effective as of 1 July 2002.)

颁布日期:20020601  实施日期:20020701  颁布单位:中国证券监督管理委员会

  Article 1 These Rules are formulated2 in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Company Law and the Securities Law in order to meet the needs of the opening up of the securities market to foreign investment, to strengthen and improve the oversight3 of securities companies with foreign equity4 participation5 and to clarify the conditions and procedures for the establishment of securities companies with foreign equity participation.

  Article 2 For the purposes of these Rules, “securities companies with foreign equity participation” includes domestic securities companies that have changed as a result of equity therein being assigned to or subscribed6 for by overseas shareholders8 as well as securities companies that have been jointly9 invested in and established by overseas and domestic shareholders.

  Article 3 The China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) is in charge of the examination, approval and oversight of securities companies with foreign equity participation.

  Article 4 The form of organization of securities companies with foreign equity participation shall be the limited liability company.

  The names and registered capital of securities companies with foreign equity participation, as well as the establishment and duties of the elements of their organizational structures, shall comply with the Company Law, the Securities Law and the relevant provisions of the CSRC.

  Article 5 Securities companies with foreign equity participation may engage in the following business:

  1. distribution of shares (including ordinary shares denominated in Renminbi and foreign investment shares) and bonds (including government bonds and corporate10 bonds);

  2. brokerage of foreign investment shares;

  3. brokerage of, and dealing11 for own account in, bonds (including government bonds and corporate bonds); and

  4. other business approved by the CSRC.

  For the purposes of the preceding paragraph, “foreign investment shares” includes foreign investment shares listed in China (B-shares) and foreign investment shares listed abroad.

  Securities companies shall submit applications concerning their scope of business to the CSRC in accordance with the first paragraph of this article. Securities companies that engage in the business of acting12 as lead distributors of shares shall obtain lead share distributor qualifications in accordance with the provisions of the CSRC on the administration of the qualifications of securities companies to act as lead distributors of shares.

  Article 6 A securities company with foreign equity participation shall satisfy the following conditions:

  1. it has registered capital complying with the provisions of the Securities Law on the registered capital of comprehensive securities companies;

  2. its shareholders have the qualifications specified13 herein and their capital contribution ratios and methods of contribution comply with the provisions hereof;

  3. it has no less than 50 persons who have obtained qualifications to engage in securities business in accordance with the provisions of the CSRC and it has the necessary accounting14, legal and computer professionals;

  4. it has sound mechanisms16 for internal management and risk control; a sound mechanism15 for separate administration of its distribution business, brokerage business, business for own account, etc. in terms of organization, personnel, information, business execution, etc.; and appropriate internal control technology systems;

  5. it has business premises17 that satisfy requirements and trading facilities that are up to standard; and

  6. other prudential conditions specified by the CSRC.

  Article 7 An overseas shareholder7 of a securities company with foreign equity participation shall satisfy the following conditions:

  1. the country in which it is located has sound securities laws and regulatory systems, and such country's securities regulator has entered into a memorandum18 of understanding with the CSRC concerning cooperation in the regulation of the securities sector19 and maintains an effective regulatory cooperation relationship with the CSRC;

  2. it is legally qualified20 to carry on securities business in the country in which it is located, has carried on financial business for not less than 10 years and has not been subjected to serious penalties by its securities regulator or a judicial21 authority during the past three years;

  3. all of its risk control indicators22 for the past three years conform to the requirements of the laws and the requirements of the securities regulator of the country in which it is located;

  4. it has sound internal control regulations;

  5. it has a good reputation, and achieved good operating results, in the international securities market; and

  6. other prudential conditions specified by the CSRC.

  Article 8 A domestic shareholder of a securities company with foreign equity participation shall satisfy the CSRC's qualification conditions for securities company shareholders.

  At least one of the domestic shareholders of a securities company with foreign equity participation shall be a wholly mainland-owned securities company. However, wholly mainland-owned securities companies that are converted into securities companies with foreign equity participation shall not be subject to this provision.

  Article 9 Domestic shareholders may make their capital contributions in cash or in the form of physical assets required in the conduct of business. Overseas shareholders shall make their capital contributions in freely convertible23 currency.

  Article 10 The shareholdings of the overseas shareholders, or the interests they hold in the securities company with foreign equity participation, may not exceed one-third in the aggregate25 (including both direct and indirect holdings)。

  The shareholding24 of at least one of the wholly mainland-owned securities companies comprising the domestic shareholders, or the interest it holds in the securities company with foreign equity participation, may not be less than one-third.

  In the case of a wholly mainland-owned securities company converted into a securities company with foreign equity participation, at least one wholly mainland-owned shareholder shall have a shareholding of not less than one-third.

  Article 11 The chairman of the board, general manager and deputy general manager(s) of a securities company with foreign equity participation shall possess the professional qualifications for senior management personnel of securities companies specified by the CSRC.

  Article 12 To apply for the establishment of a securities company with foreign equity participation, a representative jointly designated or an agent jointly appointed by all of the shareholders shall submit the following documents to the CSRC:

  1. an application form jointly signed by the overseas and domestic shareholders' legal representatives or their authorized26 representatives;

  2. the draft contract and articles of association for the establishment of the securities company with foreign equity participation;

  3. an application form for recognition of the professional qualifications of the candidates for the posts of chairman of the board, general manager and deputy general manager of the securities company with foreign equity participation;

  4. photocopies27 of the shareholders' business licences or registration28 certificates and their securities business qualification certificates;

  5. the domestic and overseas shareholders' audited29 financial statements for the year preceding the application;

  6. a written statement, issued by the securities regulator of each country in which an overseas shareholder is located, as to whether such shareholder satisfies the conditions specified in Items (2) and (3) of Article 7 hereof; and

  7. a legal opinion issued by a law firm in China qualified to practise securities-related business.

  Article 13 The application documents specified in the preceding article will be examined by the CSRC in accordance with the relevant laws and administrative30 regulations and these Rules. The CSRC will decide whether or not to approve the application, and will notify the applicant31 thereof in writing, within 45 working days after the date of its receipt of the application documents that meet the requirements. If it decides not to grant approval, it will state its grounds therefor in writing.

  Article 14 Within six months from the date of issuance of the CSRC's approval document, the shareholders shall make their capital contributions in full or provide all of the stipulated32 cooperation conditions, elect a board of directors, appoint the senior management personnel and apply for registration of the establishment of the securities company with foreign equity participation to, and obtain a business licence from, the administration for industry and commerce.

  Article 15 The chairman of the board of the securities company with foreign equity participation or his authorized representative shall submit the following documents to the CSRC, and apply for a Securities Business Permit, within 15 working days from the date of issuance of the business licence:

  1. a photocopy33 of the duplicate of the business licence;

  2. the company's articles of association;

  3. a capital contribution verification report issued by an accounting firm in China qualified to practise securities-related business;

  4. a name list and the résumés of the directors, supervisors34 and senior management personnel, and a name list and photocopies of the securities business qualification certificates of the key personnel engaged in business operations;

  5. the text of its internal control regulations; and

  6. a document describing its business premises and trading facilities.

  Article 16 The application documents specified in the preceding article will be examined by the CSRC in accordance with the relevant laws and administrative regulations and these Rules. The CSRC will make a decision within 15 working days after the date of its receipt of the application documents that meet the requirements. Those that satisfy the prescribed conditions will be issued a Securities Business Permit, whereas those that do not satisfy the conditions will not be issued a Securities Business Permit and will be notified in writing of the grounds therefor.

  Article 17 A securities company with foreign equity participation may not commence business and may not engage in securities business if it has not obtained a Securities Business Permit issued by the CSRC.

  Article 18 A wholly mainland-owned securities company that applies for conversion35 into a securities company with foreign equity participation must satisfy the conditions specified in Article 6 hereof.

  An overseas shareholder that acquires, or takes an equity participation in, a wholly mainland-owned securities company shall satisfy the conditions specified in Article 7 hereof and the ratio of the equity acquired or capital contribution made shall comply with Article 10 hereof.

  Article 19 To apply for conversion into a securities company with foreign equity participation, a wholly mainland-owned securities company shall submit the following documents to the CSRC:

  1. an application form signed by its legal representative;

  2. the resolution of its shareholders' meeting concerning its conversion into a securities company with foreign equity participation;

  3. the draft amendments37 to its articles of association;

  4. the equity assignment agreement or the capital contribution agreement (share subscription38 agreement);

  5. a name list and the résumés of the persons proposed to be seconded by the foreign investor39 for positions in the securities company;

  6. photocopies of each overseas shareholder's business licence or registration certificate and securities business qualification certificate;

  7. each overseas shareholder's audited financial statements for the year preceding the application;

  8. a written statement, issued by the securities regulator of the country in which an overseas shareholder is located, as to whether such shareholder satisfies the conditions specified in Items (2) and (3) of Article 7 hereof;

  9. the plan for disposal of the business that, according to law, a securities company with foreign equity participation is not permitted to engage in; and

  10. a legal opinion issued by a law firm in China qualified to practise securities-related business.

  Article 20 The application documents specified in the preceding article will be examined by the CSRC in accordance with the relevant laws and administrative regulations and these Rules. The CSRC will decide whether or not to approve the application, and will notify the applying securities company thereof in writing, within 30 working days after the date of its receipt of the application documents that meet the requirements. If it decides not to grant approval, it will state its grounds therefor in writing.

  Article 21 A securities company that has been granted approval for conversion shall, within six months from the date of issue of the CSRC's approval document, handle the equity assignment or capital increase related matters, dispose of the business that, according to law, a securities company with foreign equity participation is not permitted to engage in, and apply for amendment36 of its registration to, and obtain a new business licence from, the administration for industry and commerce.

  Article 22 A securities company that has been granted approval for conversion shall submit the following documents to the CSRC, and apply for a new Securities Business Permit, within 15 working days after the date of amendment of its registration:

  1. a photocopy of the duplicate of its business licence;

  2. the articles of association of the securities company with foreign equity participation;

  3. the company's original securities business permit and the duplicate(s) thereof;

  4. a capital contribution verification report issued by an accounting firm in China qualified to practise securities-related business;

  5. a report on its disposal of the business that, according to law, a securities company with foreign equity participation is not permitted to engage in; and

  6. a legal opinion and verification report on the disposal mentioned in the preceding item, issued by a law firm and an accounting firm that are qualified to practise securities-related business.

  Article 23 The application documents specified in the preceding article will be examined by the CSRC in accordance with the relevant laws and administrative regulations and these Rules. The CSRC will make a decision within 15 working days after the date of its receipt of the application documents that meet the requirements. Those that satisfy the prescribed conditions will be issued a new Securities Business Permit, whereas those that do not satisfy the prescribed conditions will not be issued a new Securities Business Permit and will be notified in writing of the grounds therefor.

  Article 24 The newly established or surviving securities company resulting from the merger40 of securities companies with foreign equity participation or the merger of a securities company with foreign equity participation and a wholly mainland-owned securities company shall satisfy the conditions for establishment of a securities company with foreign equity participation as specified herein, and its scope of business and the ratio of the equity or interest held by the overseas shareholder(s) shall conform with these Rules.

  If there are one or more overseas shareholders among the shareholders of a securities company established through the division of a securities company with foreign equity participation, such securities company's scope of business and the ratio of the equity or interest held by the overseas shareholder(s) shall conform with these Rules.

  Article 25 The application documents submitted and relevant information delivered to the CSRC in accordance with these Rules must be in Chinese. If any of the documents and information issued by an overseas shareholder and the securities regulator of the country in which it is located are in a foreign language, they shall be accompanied by Chinese translations that are consistent with the original texts.

  If the documents submitted and materials delivered by the applicant are insufficient41 to fully42 describe its situation, the CSRC may require the applicant to provide supplementary43 explanations.

  Article 26 These Rules shall, mutatis mutandis, apply to equity participation in securities companies by investors44 from the Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions and from Taiwan.

  Article 27 Where these Rules are silent on any matter relating to the establishment, change, termination, business activities and oversight of securities companies with foreign equity participation, the other relevant CSRC provisions shall apply.

  Article 28 These Rules shall be implemented45 as of 1 July 2002.



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 promulgated a4e9ce715ee72e022795b8072a6e618f     
v.宣扬(某事物)( promulgate的过去式和过去分词 );传播;公布;颁布(法令、新法律等)
参考例句:
  • Hence China has promulgated more than 30 relevant laws, statutes and regulations. 中国为此颁布的法律、法规和规章多达30余项。 来自汉英非文学 - 白皮书
  • The shipping industry promulgated a voluntary code. 航运业对自律守则进行了宣传。 来自辞典例句
2 formulated cfc86c2c7185ae3f93c4d8a44e3cea3c     
v.构想出( formulate的过去式和过去分词 );规划;确切地阐述;用公式表示
参考例句:
  • He claims that the writer never consciously formulated his own theoretical position. 他声称该作家从未有意识地阐明他自己的理论见解。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • This idea can be formulated in two different ways. 这个意思可以有两种说法。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
3 oversight WvgyJ     
n.勘漏,失察,疏忽
参考例句:
  • I consider this a gross oversight on your part.我把这件事看作是你的一大疏忽。
  • Your essay was not marked through an oversight on my part.由于我的疏忽你的文章没有打分。
4 equity ji8zp     
n.公正,公平,(无固定利息的)股票
参考例句:
  • They shared the work of the house with equity.他们公平地分担家务。
  • To capture his equity,Murphy must either sell or refinance.要获得资产净值,墨菲必须出售或者重新融资。
5 participation KS9zu     
n.参与,参加,分享
参考例句:
  • Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation.有些魔术要求有观众的参与。
  • The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.这个方案旨在鼓励大众更多地参与体育活动。
6 subscribed cb9825426eb2cb8cbaf6a72027f5508a     
v.捐助( subscribe的过去式和过去分词 );签署,题词;订阅;同意
参考例句:
  • It is not a theory that is commonly subscribed to. 一般人并不赞成这个理论。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • I subscribed my name to the document. 我在文件上签了字。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 shareholder VzPwU     
n.股东,股票持有人
参考例句:
  • The account department have prepare a financial statement for the shareholder.财务部为股东准备了一份财务报表。
  • A shareholder may transfer his shares in accordance with the law.股东持有的股份可以依法转让。
8 shareholders 7d3b0484233cf39bc3f4e3ebf97e69fe     
n.股东( shareholder的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The meeting was attended by 90% of shareholders. 90%的股东出席了会议。
  • the company's fiduciary duty to its shareholders 公司对股东负有的受托责任
9 jointly jp9zvS     
ad.联合地,共同地
参考例句:
  • Tenants are jointly and severally liable for payment of the rent. 租金由承租人共同且分别承担。
  • She owns the house jointly with her husband. 她和丈夫共同拥有这所房子。
10 corporate 7olzl     
adj.共同的,全体的;公司的,企业的
参考例句:
  • This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
  • His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。
11 dealing NvjzWP     
n.经商方法,待人态度
参考例句:
  • This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
  • His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。
12 acting czRzoc     
n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的
参考例句:
  • Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她,她只是假装的。
  • During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代,她的表演生涯黯然失色。
13 specified ZhezwZ     
adj.特定的
参考例句:
  • The architect specified oak for the wood trim. 那位建筑师指定用橡木做木饰条。
  • It is generated by some specified means. 这是由某些未加说明的方法产生的。
14 accounting nzSzsY     
n.会计,会计学,借贷对照表
参考例句:
  • A job fell vacant in the accounting department.财会部出现了一个空缺。
  • There's an accounting error in this entry.这笔账目里有差错。
15 mechanism zCWxr     
n.机械装置;机构,结构
参考例句:
  • The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
  • The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。
16 mechanisms d0db71d70348ef1c49f05f59097917b8     
n.机械( mechanism的名词复数 );机械装置;[生物学] 机制;机械作用
参考例句:
  • The research will provide direct insight into molecular mechanisms. 这项研究将使人能够直接地了解分子的机理。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He explained how the two mechanisms worked. 他解释这两台机械装置是如何工作的。 来自《简明英汉词典》
17 premises 6l1zWN     
n.建筑物,房屋
参考例句:
  • According to the rules,no alcohol can be consumed on the premises.按照规定,场内不准饮酒。
  • All repairs are done on the premises and not put out.全部修缮都在家里进行,不用送到外面去做。
18 memorandum aCvx4     
n.备忘录,便笺
参考例句:
  • The memorandum was dated 23 August,2008.备忘录上注明的日期是2008年8月23日。
  • The Secretary notes down the date of the meeting in her memorandum book.秘书把会议日期都写在记事本上。
19 sector yjczYn     
n.部门,部分;防御地段,防区;扇形
参考例句:
  • The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
  • The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。
20 qualified DCPyj     
adj.合格的,有资格的,胜任的,有限制的
参考例句:
  • He is qualified as a complete man of letters.他有资格当真正的文学家。
  • We must note that we still lack qualified specialists.我们必须看到我们还缺乏有资质的专家。
21 judicial c3fxD     
adj.司法的,法庭的,审判的,明断的,公正的
参考例句:
  • He is a man with a judicial mind.他是个公正的人。
  • Tom takes judicial proceedings against his father.汤姆对他的父亲正式提出诉讼。
22 indicators f46872fc1b5f08e9d32bd107be1df829     
(仪器上显示温度、压力、耗油量等的)指针( indicator的名词复数 ); 指示物; (车辆上的)转弯指示灯; 指示信号
参考例句:
  • The economic indicators are better than expected. 经济指标比预期的好。
  • It is still difficult to develop indicators for many concepts used in social science. 为社会科学领域的许多概念确立一个指标仍然很难。
23 convertible aZUyK     
adj.可改变的,可交换,同意义的;n.有活动摺篷的汽车
参考例句:
  • The convertible sofa means that the apartment can sleep four.有了这张折叠沙发,公寓里可以睡下4个人。
  • That new white convertible is totally awesome.那辆新的白色折篷汽车简直棒极了。
24 shareholding d50815e5b4fdfade1f68dd62ed15450a     
n.股权
参考例句:
  • Shareholding commercial banks must exercise an independent system of board of directors. 股份制商业银行必须实行独立董事制度。 来自互联网
  • Asset re-structuring: to conduct shareholding reform for high quality assets. 资产重组:对优质资产进行股份制改造。 来自互联网
25 aggregate cKOyE     
adj.总计的,集合的;n.总数;v.合计;集合
参考例句:
  • The football team had a low goal aggregate last season.这支足球队上个赛季的进球总数很少。
  • The money collected will aggregate a thousand dollars.进帐总额将达一千美元。
26 authorized jyLzgx     
a.委任的,许可的
参考例句:
  • An administrative order is valid if authorized by a statute.如果一个行政命令得到一个法规的认可那么这个命令就是有效的。
27 photocopies daaea05efcdbfc28dc1b5d7b176a0b3b     
n.影印本( photocopy的名词复数 );复印件
参考例句:
  • Make as many photocopies as you need. 你需要多少复印件就复印多少吧。
  • I made two photocopies of the report. 我把这份报告影印了两份。 来自《简明英汉词典》
28 registration ASKzO     
n.登记,注册,挂号
参考例句:
  • Marriage without registration is not recognized by law.法律不承认未登记的婚姻。
  • What's your registration number?你挂的是几号?
29 audited 046f25df2e99a79dbb3462bbbfa35bf2     
v.审计,查账( audit的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • The accounts have to be audited by a firm of external auditors. 这些账目必须由一家外聘审计员的公司来稽查。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • E. g. few if any charities collection publishes audited accounts. 例如很少义款收集有公布经过查核的帐目。 来自互联网
30 administrative fzDzkc     
adj.行政的,管理的
参考例句:
  • The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。
  • He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。
31 applicant 1MlyX     
n.申请人,求职者,请求者
参考例句:
  • He was the hundredth applicant for the job. 他是第100个申请这项工作的人。
  • In my estimation, the applicant is well qualified for this job. 据我看, 这位应征者完全具备这项工作的条件。
32 stipulated 5203a115be4ee8baf068f04729d1e207     
vt.& vi.规定;约定adj.[法]合同规定的
参考例句:
  • A delivery date is stipulated in the contract. 合同中规定了交货日期。
  • Yes, I think that's what we stipulated. 对呀,我想那是我们所订定的。 来自辞典例句
33 photocopy XlFzlM     
n.影印本;v.影印
参考例句:
  • The original reproduces clearly in a photocopy.原件复印得十分清晰。
  • What's wrong with the photocopy machine?复印机出了什么问题?
34 supervisors 80530f394132f10fbf245e5fb15e2667     
n.监督者,管理者( supervisor的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • I think the best technical people make the best supervisors. 我认为最好的技术人员可以成为最好的管理人员。 来自辞典例句
  • Even the foremen or first-level supervisors have a staffing responsibility. 甚至领班或第一线的监督人员也有任用的责任。 来自辞典例句
35 conversion UZPyI     
n.转化,转换,转变
参考例句:
  • He underwent quite a conversion.他彻底变了。
  • Waste conversion is a part of the production process.废物处理是生产过程的一个组成部分。
36 amendment Mx8zY     
n.改正,修正,改善,修正案
参考例句:
  • The amendment was rejected by 207 voters to 143.这项修正案以207票对143票被否决。
  • The Opposition has tabled an amendment to the bill.反对党已经就该议案提交了一项修正条款。
37 amendments 39576081718792f25ceae20f3bb99b43     
(法律、文件的)改动( amendment的名词复数 ); 修正案; 修改; (美国宪法的)修正案
参考例句:
  • The committee does not adequately consult others when drafting amendments. 委员会在起草修正案时没有充分征求他人的意见。
  • Please propose amendments and addenda to the first draft of the document. 请对这个文件的初稿提出修改和补充意见。
38 subscription qH8zt     
n.预订,预订费,亲笔签名,调配法,下标(处方)
参考例句:
  • We paid a subscription of 5 pounds yearly.我们按年度缴纳5英镑的订阅费。
  • Subscription selling bloomed splendidly.订阅销售量激增。
39 investor aq4zNm     
n.投资者,投资人
参考例句:
  • My nephew is a cautious investor.我侄子是个小心谨慎的投资者。
  • The investor believes that his investment will pay off handsomely soon.这个投资者相信他的投资不久会有相当大的收益。
40 merger vCJxG     
n.企业合并,并吞
参考例句:
  • Acceptance of the offer is the first step to a merger.对这项提议的赞同是合并的第一步。
  • Shareholders will be voting on the merger of the companies.股东们将投票表决公司合并问题。
41 insufficient L5vxu     
adj.(for,of)不足的,不够的
参考例句:
  • There was insufficient evidence to convict him.没有足够证据给他定罪。
  • In their day scientific knowledge was insufficient to settle the matter.在他们的时代,科学知识还不能足以解决这些问题。
42 fully Gfuzd     
adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地
参考例句:
  • The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气,然后全部呼出。
  • They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。
43 supplementary 0r6ws     
adj.补充的,附加的
参考例句:
  • There is a supplementary water supply in case the rain supply fails.万一主水源断了,我们另外有供水的地方。
  • A supplementary volume has been published containing the index.附有索引的增补卷已经出版。
44 investors dffc64354445b947454450e472276b99     
n.投资者,出资者( investor的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
  • a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会
45 implemented a0211e5272f6fc75ac06e2d62558aff0     
v.实现( implement的过去式和过去分词 );执行;贯彻;使生效
参考例句:
  • This agreement, if not implemented, is a mere scrap of paper. 这个协定如不执行只不过是一纸空文。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • The economy is in danger of collapse unless far-reaching reforms are implemented. 如果不实施影响深远的改革,经济就面临崩溃的危险。 来自辞典例句
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