医学儿科词汇_专业词汇

医学儿科词汇

文章来源：文章作者：发布时间：2007-09-14 06:26 字体： [大中小]　进入论坛

(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

儿科学Pediatrics

儿童保健Child care

疾病防治Disease prevention

营养基础Basal nutrition

婴儿喂养Infants’ feeding

营养不良Malnutrition¹

小儿肥胖obesity in Childhood

解剖Anatomy：

生理生化Physiology⁴ and biochemistry：

营养代谢Nutrition and Metabolism⁵：

免疫Immunity：

病理Pathology：

疾病的种类Variety of Disease：

临床表现Clinical Situation：

诊断Diagnosis

治疗：Treatment

预后：Prognosis

预防：Prevention

胎儿期：Fetal Stage

胚卵期Ovigerm Stage

胚胎期Embryo Stage

新生儿期：Neonatal Period

脐带Omphalus

足月儿Term Infant

早产儿Premature

过期产儿Post term Infant

围产期Perinatal stage

婴儿期：Infancy

幼儿期：Toddler Period

学龄期：School age

青春期：Adolescence

遗传inheritance：

性别sex：

内分泌endocrine：

孕母情况mother’s condition：

营养nutrition：。

生活环境living environment：

急性感染acute infection

慢性疾病chronic¹² disease

消化道疾病disease of digestive tract¹³

内分泌疾病endocrine disease

先天性疾病congenital disease

体格生长：Physique growth

摄入不足insufficiency of intake¹⁴

胎粪排出excretion of meconium

水分丢失loss of moist

生长高峰summit of growth

卧位clinostatasm

站立位erect¹⁵ position

头顶vertex

耻骨联合上缘superior margin¹⁶ of pubic symphysis

耻骨联合上缘superior margin of pubic symphysis

足底sole

脐nave

头围：Head Circumference¹⁸

胸围：Chest Circumference

颅骨：Cranium

颅缝cranial sutures：

前囟anterior¹⁹ fontanel：

后囟posterior：

脊柱：Rachis ——生理弯曲的形成

长骨：Long Bone

干骺端Metaphysis

软骨骨化Cartilaginous ossification²⁰

骨膜下成骨Subperiosteum ossification

乳牙deciduous teeth

恒牙permanent teeth

(乳牙)萌出eruption

神经系统nervous system

脊髓spinal cord：

运动发育：Motor development

发音器官organs of voicing

听觉sense of hearing

大脑语言中枢cerebral language center

语言交流communication

护理：Nursing

计划免疫：Planned Immunity⁶

心理卫生：Mental Health

生活习惯living habit：

社会适应能力social adaptation：

亲情 parent-child relationship

健康查体：Physical Examination

随访follow-up

户外活动open field activity：

身体抚触 stroking massage²⁴：

窒息apnea：

中毒intoxication²⁵

外伤trauma

预防接种：Vaccination

主动免疫Active immunity：

被动免疫passive immunity：

预防接种vaccination

小儿传染病infectious disease

卡介苗 Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine²⁸, BCG vaccine

脊髓灰质炎疫苗 Polimyelitis Vaccine

麻疹疫苗 Measles²⁹ Vaccine

百白破三联疫苗 Pertussis-Diphtheria-Tetanus triple vaccine

乙肝疫苗Hepatitis B vaccine

初种primary vaccination²⁷：

复种revaccination：

不良反应reaction：

热量的需要：Caloric Requirement

基础代谢：Basal Metabolism

排泄 Excretion

蛋白质：Protein

碳水化合物：Carbohydrate

脂肪：Fat

维生素：Vitamins

水溶性维生素：Water-soluble Vitamin

脂溶性维生素：Fat-soluble Vitamin

矿物质：Mineral

膳食纤维：Dietary Fiber³¹

母乳喂养：Breast Feeding

母乳的成分：Component of Mother’s Milk

免疫物质：immune material

免疫球蛋白：Immune Gloulin

补体：Complement

乳铁蛋白：Lactoferrin

溶菌酶：Lysozyme

双歧因子：Bifidus Factor

细胞成分：Components of Cells

慢性消耗性疾病：Chronic consumptions

精神障碍：Mental disorders³⁶

急性传染病：Acute infectious diseases

断奶：Weaning

人工喂养：Bottle-Feeding

稀释：Dilution

加糖：Add Sugar

煮沸：Boiling

定时定量：Time and rationed³⁸ Feeding

个体差异：Individual Difference

混合喂养Mixed Feeding

大小便：Defecation

代授法：Breast-bottle-feeding

补授法：Supplemental Feeding

辅食添加：The Introduction of solid food

营养不良Malnutrition

代谢异常Developmental and Metabolic³⁹ Disorder³⁵

临床分型：Clinical typing

消瘦型Marasmus Malnutrition

浮肿型Edema Malnutrition

消瘦－浮肿型Marasmus—Edema Malnutrition

病因：Etiological Factor

摄入不足：Deficiency of Intake

辅食添加不及时：Introduction of Solid Food

饮食结构不合理：Incorrect Components³⁴ of Diet

不良饮食习惯：Bad Eating Habit

消化吸收障碍：Disorder of Digestion⁴⁰ and Absorption

消化道先天畸形：Congenital Anomaly of Digestive Tract

先天性代谢障碍：Congenital Dysbolism

消化功能紊乱：Disorder of Digestive Function

需求增多：Requirement Increases

生长发育迅速的时期：The period when children grow rapidly

疾病恢复期：Recovery Phase of diseases

双胎或多胎：Twins or Multiplets

早产：Premature

消耗性疾病Consumptions

病理生理：Pathophysiology

代谢异常：Dysbolism

体温调节：Thermoregulation

机体各系统功能低下：Incapacity of Body Systems

消化系统：Digestive System

循环系统：Circulatory System

泌尿系统：Urinary System

神经系统：Nervous System

免疫系统：Immune System

临床表现：Clinical Situation

皮下脂肪Subcutaneous Fat

腹Abdomen⁴¹

躯干Trunk

臀Breech

四肢Extremities⁴²

面颊Cheeks

皮肤Skin

干燥Dehydration

苍白Pale；

肌肉Muscles

松弛Laxity

萎缩Atrophy；

精神状态Mental Status

萎靡Dispirited

反应差Low Response；

全身症状General Symptoms

并发症：Complication

营养性贫血：Nutritional Anemia⁴⁶

各种维生素缺乏症：Various Kinds of Avitaminosis

感染：Infections

低血糖：Hypoglycemia

诊断标准：Standard of Dignosis

分型：Types

分度：Degrees

实验室检查：Laboratory Examination

鉴别诊断：Differential Diagnosis⁷

治疗原则：Therapeutic Principle

综合治疗Comprehensive Treatment

治疗方法：Therapeutic Method

积极治疗原发病：Cure the Primary Disease

饮食治疗：Diet Therapy

药物治疗：Drug Treatment

支持治疗：Supporting Therapy

危重症处理：Treatment in Crises

度营养不良伴腹泻时的治疗Severe Malnutrition companied by Diarrhea：

营养不良性水肿的治疗Nutritional Edema：

蛋白质缺乏综合症（恶心营养不良综合症）Kwashiorkor

添加辅食：Instruction of solid food

睡眠充足：Sufficient Sleeping

防治先天性疾病和小儿急性传染病：Prevention and Treatment of Congenital Diseases and

Acute Infectious Diseases

孕期保健与产前诊断：Health Care in Pregnancy⁴⁸ and Prenatal Diagnosis

新生儿筛查：Neonatal Screening

治疗先天性疾病：Cure Congenital Diseases

按时预防接种：Vaccination on time

定期体格检查：Regular Physical Examination

营养障碍性疾病Dystrophy

病因及病理生理：Etiological Factor and Pathophysiology

单纯性肥胖：Simple Obesity²

摄入过多：Excessive Intake

活动过少：Lack of Movement

家族遗传：Inheritance

神经、精神因素：Nervous and Mental Factors

继发性肥胖：Secondary Obesity

膝外翻Genu Valgum

扁平足Fallen arch

性发育较早：Early Sexual Development

实验室检查：Laboratory Examinations

胆固醇Cholesterol

甘油三酯Triglyceride：

β脂蛋白Beta Lipoprotein：

胰岛素Insulin：

生长激素Growth Hormone：

诊断标准：Standard of Diagnosis

轻度Mild：

制度Moderate：

重度Severe：

点击

收听单词发音

1 malnutrition
n.营养不良
参考例句：
In Africa, there are a lot of children suffering from severe malnutrition.在非洲有大批严重营养不良的孩子。 It is a classic case of malnutrition. 这是营养不良的典型病例。

2 obesity
n.肥胖，肥大
参考例句：
One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。 Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。

3 anatomy
n.解剖学，解剖；功能，结构，组织
参考例句：
He found out a great deal about the anatomy of animals.在动物解剖学方面，他有过许多发现。 The hurricane's anatomy was powerful and complex.对飓风的剖析是一项庞大而复杂的工作。

4 physiology
n.生理学，生理机能
参考例句：
He bought a book about physiology.他买了一本生理学方面的书。 He was awarded the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology.他因生理学方面的建树而被授予诺贝尔奖。

5 metabolism
n.新陈代谢
参考例句：
After years of dieting,Carol's metabolism was completely out of whack.经过数年的节食，卡罗尔的新陈代谢完全紊乱了。 All living matter undergoes a process of metabolism.生物都有新陈代谢。

6 immunity
n.优惠；免除；豁免，豁免权
参考例句：
The law gives public schools immunity from taxation.法律免除公立学校的纳税义务。 He claims diplomatic immunity to avoid being arrested.他要求外交豁免以便避免被捕。

7 diagnosis
n.诊断，诊断结果，调查分析，判断
参考例句：
His symptoms gave no obvious pointer to a possible diagnosis.他的症状无法作出明确的诊断。 The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做一次彻底的调查分析。

8 embryo
n.胚胎，萌芽的事物
参考例句：
They are engaging in an embryo research.他们正在进行一项胚胎研究。 The project was barely in embryo.该计划只是个雏形。

9 premature
adj.比预期时间早的；不成熟的，仓促的
参考例句：
It is yet premature to predict the possible outcome of the dialogue.预言这次对话可能有什么结果为时尚早。 The premature baby is doing well.那个早产的婴儿很健康。

10 infancy
n.婴儿期；幼年期；初期
参考例句：
He came to England in his infancy.他幼年时期来到英国。 Their research is only in its infancy.他们的研究处于初级阶段。

11 adolescence
n.青春期，青少年
参考例句：
Adolescence is the process of going from childhood to maturity.青春期是从少年到成年的过渡期。 The film is about the trials and tribulations of adolescence.这部电影讲述了青春期的麻烦和苦恼。

12 chronic
adj.(疾病)长期未愈的，慢性的；极坏的
参考例句：
Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。 Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。

13 tract
n.传单，小册子，大片(土地或森林)
参考例句：
He owns a large tract of forest.他拥有一大片森林。 He wrote a tract on this subject.他曾对此写了一篇短文。

14 intake
n.吸入，纳入；进气口，入口
参考例句：
Reduce your salt intake.减少盐的摄入量。 There was a horrified intake of breath from every child.所有的孩子都害怕地倒抽了一口凉气。

15 erect
n./v.树立，建立，使竖立；adj.直立的，垂直的
参考例句：
She held her head erect and her back straight.她昂着头，把背挺得笔直。 Soldiers are trained to stand erect.士兵们训练站得笔直。

16 margin
n.页边空白；差额；余地，余裕；边，边缘
参考例句：
We allowed a margin of 20 minutes in catching the train.我们有20分钟的余地赶火车。 The village is situated at the margin of a forest.村子位于森林的边缘。

17 nave
n.教堂的中部；本堂
参考例句：
People gathered in the nave of the house.人们聚拢在房子的中间。 The family on the other side of the nave had a certain look about them,too.在中殿另一边的那一家人，也有着自己特有的相貌。

18 circumference
n.圆周，周长，圆周线
参考例句：
It's a mile round the circumference of the field.运动场周长一英里。 The diameter and the circumference of a circle correlate.圆的直径与圆周有相互关系。

19 anterior
adj.较早的；在前的
参考例句：
We've already finished the work anterior to the schedule.我们已经提前完成了工作。 The anterior part of a fish contains the head and gills.鱼的前部包括头和鳃。

20 ossification
n.骨化，（思想等的）僵化
参考例句：
Objective To study the mechanism of ossification of yellow ligament. 目的为研究黄韧带骨化致椎管狭窄的机制打下基础。来自互联网 Conclusion. Dural ossification is a common finding in OLF. 结论：硬膜骨化是OLF常见的表现。来自互联网

21 deciduous
adj.非永久的；短暂的；脱落的；落叶的
参考例句：
Overgrown deciduous shrubs can be cut back at this time of year.过于繁茂的落叶灌木可以在每年的这个时候修剪。 Deciduous trees shed their leaves in autumn.落叶树木在秋天落叶。

22 spinal
adj.针的，尖刺的，尖刺状突起的；adj.脊骨的，脊髓的
参考例句：
After three days in Japan,the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.在日本三天，就已经使脊椎骨变得富有弹性了。 Your spinal column is made up of 24 movable vertebrae.你的脊柱由24个活动的脊椎骨构成。

23 cerebral
adj.脑的，大脑的；有智力的，理智型的
参考例句：
Your left cerebral hemisphere controls the right-hand side of your body.你的左半脑控制身体的右半身。 He is a precise,methodical,cerebral man who carefully chooses his words.他是一个一丝不苟、有条理和理智的人，措辞谨慎。

24 massage
n.按摩，揉；vt.按摩，揉，美化，奉承，篡改数据
参考例句：
He is really quite skilled in doing massage.他的按摩技术确实不错。 Massage helps relieve the tension in one's muscles.按摩可使僵硬的肌肉松弛。

25 intoxication
n.wild excitement;drunkenness；poisoning
参考例句：
He began to drink, drank himself to intoxication, till he slept obliterated. 他一直喝，喝到他快要迷糊地睡着了。 Predator: Intoxication-Damage over time effect will now stack with other allies. Predator:Intoxication,持续性伤害的效果将会与队友相加。

26 trauma
n.外伤，精神创伤
参考例句：
Counselling is helping him work through this trauma.心理辅导正帮助他面对痛苦。 The phobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.恐惧症可能源于童年时期的创伤。

27 vaccination
n.接种疫苗，种痘
参考例句：
Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。 Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

28 vaccine
n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的
参考例句：
The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。 She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

29 measles
n.麻疹，风疹，包虫病，痧子
参考例句：
The doctor is quite definite about Tom having measles.医生十分肯定汤姆得了麻疹。 The doctor told her to watch out for symptoms of measles.医生叫她注意麻疹出现的症状。

30 carbohydrate
n.碳水化合物；糖类；(plural)淀粉质或糖类
参考例句：
You should not have too much carbohydrate in your diet.你日常饮食中不该有过多碳水化合物。 Cashew nuts are rich in carbohydrate.腰果含丰富碳水化合物。

31 fiber
n.纤维，纤维质
参考例句：
The basic structural unit of yarn is the fiber.纤维是纱的基本结构单元。 The material must be free of fiber clumps.这种材料必须无纤维块。

32 component
n.组成部分，成分，元件；adj.组成的，合成的
参考例句：
Each component is carefully checked before assembly.每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查。 Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.刀身和刀柄是一把刀的组成部分。

33 complement
n.补足物，船上的定员；补语；vt.补充，补足
参考例句：
The two suggestions complement each other.这两条建议相互补充。 They oppose each other also complement each other.它们相辅相成。

34 components
（机器、设备等的）构成要素，零件，成分；成分( component的名词复数 )； [物理化学]组分； [数学]分量；（混合物的）组成部分
参考例句：
the components of a machine 机器部件 Our chemistry teacher often reduces a compound to its components in lab. 在实验室中化学老师常把化合物分解为各种成分。

35 disorder
n.紊乱，混乱；骚动，骚乱；疾病，失调
参考例句：
When returning back,he discovered the room to be in disorder.回家后，他发现屋子里乱七八糟。 It contained a vast number of letters in great disorder.里面七零八落地装着许多信件。

36 disorders
n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 )；凌乱；骚乱；（身心、机能）失调
参考例句：
Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase. 据报告，厌食症和其他饮食方面的功能紊乱发生率正在不断增长。来自《简明英汉词典》 The announcement led to violent civil disorders. 这项宣布引起剧烈的骚乱。来自《简明英汉词典》

37 dilution
n.稀释，淡化
参考例句：
There is no hard and fast rule about dilution.至于稀释程度，没有严格的规定。 He attributed this to a dilution effect of the herbicide.他把这归因于除草剂的稀释效应。

38 rationed
限量供应，配给供应( ration的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
We were rationed to two eggs a day. 每天配给我们两个鸡蛋。 The army is well rationed. 部队给养良好。

39 metabolic
adj.新陈代谢的
参考例句：
Impressive metabolic alternations have been undergone during embryogenesis.在胚胎发生期间经历了深刻的代谢变化。 A number of intoxicants are associated with metabolic acidosis.许多毒性物质可引起代谢性酸中毒。

40 digestion
n.消化，吸收
参考例句：
This kind of tea acts as an aid to digestion.这种茶可助消化。 This food is easy of digestion.这食物容易消化。

41 abdomen
n.腹，下腹(胸部到腿部的部分)
参考例句：
How to know to there is ascarid inside abdomen?怎样知道肚子里面有蛔虫？ He was anxious about an off-and-on pain the abdomen.他因时隐时现的腹痛而焦虑。

42 extremities
n.端点( extremity的名词复数 )；尽头；手和足；极窘迫的境地
参考例句：
She was most noticeable, I thought, in respect of her extremities. 我觉得她那副穷极可怜的样子实在太惹人注目。来自辞典例句 Winters may be quite cool at the northwestern extremities. 西北边区的冬天也可能会相当凉。来自辞典例句

43 dehydration
n.脱水，干燥
参考例句：
He died from severe dehydration.他死于严重脱水。 The eyes are often retracted from dehydration.眼睛常因脱水而凹陷。

44 atrophy
n./v.萎缩，虚脱，衰退
参考例句：
Patients exercised their atrophied limbs in the swimming pool.病人们在泳池里锻炼萎缩的四肢。 Many hoped he would renew the country's atrophied political system.很多人都期望他能使该国萎靡的政治体系振作起来。

45 nutritional
adj.营养的，滋养的
参考例句：
A diet lacking in nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.缺乏营养价值的饮食不能维持人的健康。 The labels on food products give a lot of information about their nutritional content.食品上的标签提供很多关于营养成分的信息。

46 anemia
n.贫血，贫血症
参考例句：
The doctors analyzed the blood sample for anemia. 医生们分析了贫血的血样。 I was put on iron tablets for my anemia.我曾因贫血吃补铁药片。

47 therapeutic
adj.治疗的，起治疗作用的；对身心健康有益的
参考例句：
Therapeutic measures were selected to fit the patient.选择治疗措施以适应病人的需要。 When I was sad,music had a therapeutic effect.我悲伤的时候，音乐有治疗效力。

48 pregnancy
n.怀孕，怀孕期
参考例句：
Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕早期常有恶心的现象。 Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage.怀孕期吸烟会增加流产的危险。

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