Rechargeable lithium air batteries are a next-generation technology: Theoretically they might be much
lighter1 and offer better performance than current lithium ion batteries. However, currently they run out of steam after only a few charging cycles. Researchers at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) and the Forschungszentrum Jülich have now investigated the processes and discovered a possible culprit: highly reactive singlet oxygen, which is released when the batteries are charged. A trimming diet is in order: Cell phones still
bulge2 from jacket pockets and laptop computers continue to overstrain shoulder muscles. To blame are primarily the batteries: The ubiquitous lithium ion batteries need heavy electrodes made of transition metal oxides.
Light-weight alternatives are thus sought after. "One of the most
promising4 approaches is the lithium air battery in which the lithium cobalt
oxide3 cathode is replaced by carbon particles," explains Johannes Wandt, doctoral candidate and member of Prof. Hubert Gasteiger's team in the Department of Technical Electrochemistry at TUM.
"The theoretical energy
density5 of these new rechargeable batteries is significantly higher than that of traditional lithium ion batteries:" Unfortunately, the technology is not yet ready for everyday use because rechargeable lithium air batteries have only a very short lifetime: After only a few charging cycles the carbon electrode becomes
corroded6 and the electrolytic fluid
decomposes7. "The problem was that no one knew exactly why," remarks Wandt.