乳腺癌患者寻求替代疗法
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Breast cancer patients turning to alternative care

 

乳腺癌患者寻求替代疗法

Growing majority combine holistic1 therapies with traditional medicine 很多患者接受整体和传统结合疗法
Six months of chemotherapy for breast cancer weighed heavily on Karen Lehman. "I felt crummy," says the normally cheerful 49-year-old. "There was the fatigue2 and the constant queasiness3." To help cope, she tried acupuncture4 and craniosacral massage5 and is considering other alternative therapies as she continues battling cancer. 用化学疗法治疗乳腺癌6个月以后,Karen Lehman的心情很糟。这位患病前性格开朗的49岁女人说:"我感到情绪低落,全身疲乏,不断地头昏作呕。"为了解除这些烦恼,她试过针刺和颅骶骨推拿,目前她正在考虑在以后治疗癌症过程中选用其它替代疗法。
HER HOLISTIC APPROACH is not unusual. In fact, Lehman is one of a growing majority of breast cancer patients who are turning to alternative therapies to help deal with the side effects of conventional treatment or compensate6 for the times when mainstream7 medicine falls short. Karen Lehman的整体治疗方法并非与众不同,事实上,Lehman只是越来越多寻求替代疗法的乳腺癌患者中的一员,她们想靠这些疗法解决常规抗癌治疗造成的副作用或补充主流医学未能达到的疗效。
As many as 70 percent of cancer patients use alternative therapies, including dietary supplements, acupuncture, hypnotism, massage, guided imagery, magnets and biofeedback, according to a recent report in The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. The study, a telephone survey of more than 350 cancer patients in Washington State, found that breast cancer patients were the group most likely to try holistic approaches and that almost all respondents believed the treatments improved their well-being8. Other studies have also shown that alternative medicine use is common among people with life-threatening illnesses. 据《替代和补充医学》杂志最近的一篇报道说,高达70%的癌症患者使用替代疗法,包括食疗、针刺、催眠、推拿、引导想象、磁疗和生物反馈。该研究通过电话调查了350多位华盛顿州的癌症患者后发现,乳腺癌患者最可能尝试接受整体治疗,并且发现几乎所有被调查的乳腺癌患者都相信整体治疗有利于自己的康复。其它的研究也表明,在患有致命疾病的患者中,使用替代医疗的现象十分普遍。
"I expected there to be a high percentage of cancer patients using alternative therapies because I think these patients are looking for ways to help their health and to take control of their health care," says study author Ruth Patterson, a scientist at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle. "The unexpected piece of this is just how high the satisfaction level was. Patients felt these things helped them feel better - that's nothing to sneeze at." 西雅图Fred Hutchinson癌症研究中心的科学家Ruth Patterson是该研究报导的作者。他说:"我期待将来有更高比例的癌症患者使用替代疗法。因为,我认为,这些病人会寻求各种有益于身体健康和能控制自我保健的方法。但是,替代疗法不能预测到病人的满意度多高。不少病人感到这些疗法使自己感到好多了,这就使人对此不能等闲视之了。
Alternative practitioners9, who emphasize mind/body wellness, can be a welcome change to patients frustrated10 with hurried doctors who don't always have the answers - or who give conflicting advice on key issues like mammograms and breast self-exams. 替代医学的行医者强调身心合一的健康,这种有新意的思想在病人中颇受欢迎,因为这些患者已被急躁不安和不能圆满解答自己问题的医生弄得灰心丧气。在一些关键问题如乳房摄片和乳房自检结果上,医生的意见也常常不一致。
INDIVIDUALIZED APPROACH 个性化疗法
"People feel that alternative medicine is more tuned11 into their bodies, rather than a one-size-fits-all approach that tends to be common in Western medicine," says Dr. Debu Tripathy, director of the breast cancer research program at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and co-editor of the new book "Breast Cancer: Beyond Convention". "人们感到替代医学从整体上调节身体功能,而不象西医常见的头痛医痛局部治疗法""德州大学达拉斯西南医学中心乳房癌研究计划的负责人Debu Tripathy博士说,他也是新书"乳癌,超常规治疗"的副编辑。
But the new survey findings raise questions that are at the heart of the ongoing12 debate over alternative therapies. Do they actually fight disease? Or is the effect just psychological? Or a combination of both? When it comes to breast cancer, as with many diseases, there are few clear answers. 但是这项新调查的结果也对正在进行的有关替代疗法争论的核心问题提出质疑。替代疗法的确能治疗疾病吗?或者它可能只是心理效应?或者只是治病和心理效应的两者结合?正如替代疗法用于治疗许多疾病一样,它对乳腺癌疗效如何,对上述问题仍说不清道不明。
Supplements are one of the most popular alternative therapies for breast cancer, but experts say there is no convincing evidence to support their use. "Most of what is sold to treat or cure cancer are concoctions13 that people put together," says Barrie Cassileth, chief of the integrative medicine service at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York. "They should be looked at with a jaundiced eye." 服用补给品是治疗乳腺癌最流行的替代疗法之一,但是,专家们认为,并没有令人信服的证据证明这种疗法。纽约纪念Sloan-Kettering癌症中心综合医务部主任Barrie Cassileth说:"目前大多数市售的所谓治癌的补给品只不过是一些混合物,对它们人们应另眼相看。"
SUPPLEMENT DANGERS 补给品的危险
What's more, certain supplements may be dangerous. "Herbs can interfere14 with the amount of medicine that can get into the body and can also interfere with the coagulation15 of blood, which can be a problem with surgery," Cassileth warns. For instance, St. John's wort and various antioxidants, including vitamins C and E, may reduce the effectiveness of standard treatments like chemotherapy. And experts say that although soy in the diet may offer some protection against breast cancer, high-dose soy supplements or other products containing plant estrogens may, paradoxically, have the opposite effect - fueling the growth of tumors - in women with the disease. 况且,某些营养补给品可能是危险的。Cassieln警告说:"草药可能会干扰进入人体的药物含量,也可能干扰血液凝固,使相应的手术出现问题。"例如,St.John麦芽汁和各种抗氧化剂,包括维生素C和E都可能会降低规范治疗如化疗的疗效。有专家说,虽然饮食中的大豆可能提供人体某种蛋白质以治疗乳腺癌,但反过来,摄入过多的豆类或其它含有植物雌激素的食物,却有相反的效应,它可促进乳腺癌患者身上的肿瘤生长。

 

Another concern is that a supplement may not contain what the label claims or may be contaminated with harmful substances, says Leanna Standish, a naturopathic doctor at Bastyr University in Kenmore, Wash. Supplements are not subject to the same strict safety and effectiveness standards as dru gs. Because of this, Standish generally advises patients to avoid over-the-counter supplements. 地处华盛顿Kenmore的Bastyr大学的自然疗法医生Leanna Standish说,另一个问题是,某种营养补给品并不含有标签上所称的物质,或者可能受到有害物质的污染。 因为这些营养补给品不必达到与药物一样严格的安全和有效标准,所以,Standish通常奉劝患者不要服用那些没有处方的营养补给品。
In some cases, though, supplements prescribed by a qualified16 naturopath or herbalist may be used safely as an adjunct to standard care, she maintains. Standish receives many referrals from oncologists whose patients are interested in trying alternatives. Though not definitively17 proven to work, she often prescribes coenzyme Q10, vitamins E and B6, quercetin and garlic because laboratory studies have suggested they may be beneficial. Standish is tracking her patients to see if the supplements actually work. But she cautions patients against rushing to take these supplements on their own, since they may cause problems depending on the dose and other treatments used. 然而,她认为,在某些病例中,由称职的自然疗法医师或草药师开出的营养补给品可以安全地用于辅助规范治疗。Standish接收了许多从肿瘤学家诊所转来的病人,他们都有兴趣试用替代疗法。她也经常开出服用辅酶Q10,维生素E和B6、槲皮苷和大蒜的处方,尽管不能确定它们是否有效,但实验室研究已表明它们对患者是有益的。Standish正在追踪她的病人,观察这些营养补给品是否真的有效。但是,她提醒病人不要一窝蜂自做主张地服用这些营养补给品,因为服用剂量的差别和是否同时使用其它疗法,服用补给品可能会造成各种问题。
Tripathy also is studying herbs to see if they can help with the side effects of chemotherapy or as actual cancer fighters. One of his studies is testing whether herbs such as skullcap, which showed promise in the lab, can help shrink breast tumors in patients with advanced disease who cannot be cured by conventional medicine. 此外,Tripathy正在研究草药,观察它们是否能有助于减少化疗的副作用,或者它们本身就是抗癌药品。的研究内容之一就是测试像黄岑属这种在实验室中已显示希望的草药,是否在实用中能够帮助晚期乳腺癌患者缩小乳房肿瘤,而常规医疗对这些病人早已无能为力。
While the jury remains18 out on supplements for breast cancer, some alternative therapies are gaining acceptance as potentially beneficial modalities when used in conjunction with standard care. Such "complementary" approaches as massage therapy, meditation19 and yoga may boost patients' mood and well-being, experts say. "Some of the mind/body techniques can certainly help the emotional state and that's a valuable thing," says Tripathy. "The question is, Can they help the cancer itself?" 专家说,虽然,人们对营养补给品对于乳腺癌治疗作用褒贬不一,但另一些替代疗法正在被人们所接受,当它们与规范治疗联用时,可能有益于患者。这些"补充"疗法如推拿、静思和瑜珈可以改善病人的心情和健康。Tripathy说:"某些调节身心的技术肯定有益于患者的情感状态,它们是有价值的疗法。问题是,它们会不会帮助癌症?"
Lehman has had mixed results with the alternative approaches she's tried. Though acupuncture has been shown to fight chemotherapy-induced nausea20, she doesn't think her 10-week treatment helped all that much. "I had one week where it was wow - I was symptom-free - but it went downhill after that," says Lehmane . (the end) Newsweek Lehman试用替代疗法所获得的结果有好有坏。虽然针灸帮助她阻止化疗引起的恶心,但她认为,10周的治疗并没有完全解决所有问题。Lehman说:"一周的疗效好得惊人,症状全没了,但后来又渐渐不行了。"


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 holistic OQqzJ     
adj.从整体着眼的,全面的
参考例句:
  • There is a fundamental ambiguity in the use of word "whole" in recent holistic literature.在近代的整体主义著作中,“整体”这个词的用法极其含混。
  • In so far as historicism is technological,its approach is not piecemeal,but "holistic".仅就历史决定论是一种技术而论,它的方法不是渐进的,而是“整体主义的”。
2 fatigue PhVzV     
n.疲劳,劳累
参考例句:
  • The old lady can't bear the fatigue of a long journey.这位老妇人不能忍受长途旅行的疲劳。
  • I have got over my weakness and fatigue.我已从虚弱和疲劳中恢复过来了。
3 queasiness 82372adeb2e2d36240c1cf4f67e66aef     
n.恶心
参考例句:
  • This medicine will counteract the queasiness caused by the antibiotics. 这种药会抑制抗生素引起的反胃。 来自辞典例句
  • Perhaps his queasiness is just a sign's coming down with bird flu. 它确定不了,也许,感觉恶心只是得了禽流感的征兆。 来自互联网
4 acupuncture 3zEznF     
n.针灸,针刺法,针疗法
参考例句:
  • Written records show that acupuncture dates back to the Song Dynasty.文字记载表明,宋朝就已经有了针灸。
  • It's known that acupuncture originated in China.众所周知,针灸起源于中国。
5 massage 6ouz43     
n.按摩,揉;vt.按摩,揉,美化,奉承,篡改数据
参考例句:
  • He is really quite skilled in doing massage.他的按摩技术确实不错。
  • Massage helps relieve the tension in one's muscles.按摩可使僵硬的肌肉松弛。
6 compensate AXky7     
vt.补偿,赔偿;酬报 vi.弥补;补偿;抵消
参考例句:
  • She used her good looks to compensate her lack of intelligence. 她利用她漂亮的外表来弥补智力的不足。
  • Nothing can compensate for the loss of one's health. 一个人失去了键康是不可弥补的。
7 mainstream AoCzh9     
n.(思想或行为的)主流;adj.主流的
参考例句:
  • Their views lie outside the mainstream of current medical opinion.他们的观点不属于当今医学界观点的主流。
  • Polls are still largely reflects the mainstream sentiment.民调还在很大程度上反映了社会主流情绪。
8 well-being Fe3zbn     
n.安康,安乐,幸福
参考例句:
  • He always has the well-being of the masses at heart.他总是把群众的疾苦挂在心上。
  • My concern for their well-being was misunderstood as interference.我关心他们的幸福,却被误解为多管闲事。
9 practitioners 4f6cea6bb06753de69fd05e8adbf90a8     
n.习艺者,实习者( practitioner的名词复数 );从业者(尤指医师)
参考例句:
  • one of the greatest practitioners of science fiction 最了不起的科幻小说家之一
  • The technique is experimental, but the list of its practitioners is growing. 这种技术是试验性的,但是采用它的人正在增加。 来自辞典例句
10 frustrated ksWz5t     
adj.挫败的,失意的,泄气的v.使不成功( frustrate的过去式和过去分词 );挫败;使受挫折;令人沮丧
参考例句:
  • It's very easy to get frustrated in this job. 这个工作很容易令人懊恼。
  • The bad weather frustrated all our hopes of going out. 恶劣的天气破坏了我们出行的愿望。 来自《简明英汉词典》
11 tuned b40b43fd5af2db4fbfeb4e83856e4876     
adj.调谐的,已调谐的v.调音( tune的过去式和过去分词 );调整;(给收音机、电视等)调谐;使协调
参考例句:
  • The resort is tuned in to the tastes of young and old alike. 这个度假胜地适合各种口味,老少皆宜。
  • The instruments should be tuned up before each performance. 每次演出开始前都应将乐器调好音。 来自《简明英汉词典》
12 ongoing 6RvzT     
adj.进行中的,前进的
参考例句:
  • The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
  • The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。
13 concoctions 2ee2f48a3ae91fdb33f79ec1604d8d1b     
n.编造,捏造,混合物( concoction的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • We bearrived scientists and tested concoctions of milk, orange juice, and mouthwash. 咱们是科技家,尝试牛奶、橙汁和漱口水的混合物。 来自互联网
  • We became scientists and tested concoctions of milk, orange juice, and mouthwash. 我们是科学家,尝试牛奶、橙汁和漱口水的混合物。 来自互联网
14 interfere b5lx0     
v.(in)干涉,干预;(with)妨碍,打扰
参考例句:
  • If we interfere, it may do more harm than good.如果我们干预的话,可能弊多利少。
  • When others interfere in the affair,it always makes troubles. 别人一卷入这一事件,棘手的事情就来了。
15 coagulation coagulation     
n.凝固;凝结物
参考例句:
  • Blood becomes stickier to help coagulation in case of a cut.割伤的时候,血液会变得更为黏稠以助于凝结。
  • Man has been intrigued with blood coagulation.人类一直对血凝感兴趣。
16 qualified DCPyj     
adj.合格的,有资格的,胜任的,有限制的
参考例句:
  • He is qualified as a complete man of letters.他有资格当真正的文学家。
  • We must note that we still lack qualified specialists.我们必须看到我们还缺乏有资质的专家。
17 definitively bfa3c9e3e641847693ee64d5d8ab604b     
adv.决定性地,最后地
参考例句:
  • None of the three super-states could be definitively conquered even by the other two in combination. 三个超级国家中的任何一国都不可能被任何两国的联盟所绝对打败。 来自英汉文学
  • Therefore, nothing can ever be definitively proved with a photograph. 因此,没有什么可以明确了一张照片。 来自互联网
18 remains 1kMzTy     
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
参考例句:
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
19 meditation yjXyr     
n.熟虑,(尤指宗教的)默想,沉思,(pl.)冥想录
参考例句:
  • This peaceful garden lends itself to meditation.这个恬静的花园适于冥想。
  • I'm sorry to interrupt your meditation.很抱歉,我打断了你的沉思。
20 nausea C5Dzz     
n.作呕,恶心;极端的憎恶(或厌恶)
参考例句:
  • Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕期常有恶心的现象。
  • He experienced nausea after eating octopus.吃了章鱼后他感到恶心。
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