触控荧幕 touch screens_英语科普

触控荧幕 touch screens

文章来源：文章作者：发布时间：2006-09-04 08:32 字体： [大中小]　进入论坛

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弹指之间

At Your Fingertips

　　触控荧幕的应用非常广泛，例如游客导览系统、自动柜员机、销售点终端机、工业控制系统等。在2000年，六家专门厂商加上几家大公司的触控产品部门，总产值高达八亿美元。由于这种介面使用方便、经久耐用，而且花费不高，因此市场还在成长之中。
　　触控荧幕可依其侦测触控点的物理原理，分为三种：电阻式荧幕，用手指或其他触头轻按就会产生电压；电容式荧幕，手指会吸取微小的电流（常用于笔记型电脑的触控板）。至于第三种波动式荧幕，则是用声波或红外线覆盖整个表面，而手指或触头会阻断这些驻波图样。
　　电阻式荧幕是历史最久、用途最广，也是价格最低的一种，而且任何触头（无论手指或笔尖）都可以使用。电容式荧幕必须使用手指，或是接有地线的触头，以便传导电流。波动式荧幕则是最新且最昂贵的类型。表面声波荧幕必须用手指或软式触头（例如铅笔上的橡皮擦）轻触，以吸收表面能量；红外线触控荧幕则可使用任何触头。在实际应用上，可以同时选用好几种技术，不过基于各技术的优缺点，通常导致以下的组合：工业控制系统和掌上型电脑Palm Pilot使用电阻式，自动贩卖机使用电容式，自动柜员机及室内资讯站使用波动式。但是大多数人并不清楚，自己所使用的荧幕是什么类型。
　　沈辉斌任职于美国最大的触控荧幕制造商──位于加州夫利蒙市的“易触控系统公司”，他提供了以下的辨别诀窍。你可用指甲（而不是皮肤）轻压荧幕，假如荧幕有反应，就可能是电阻式或红外线式荧幕。果真如此，再同时用两根手指分别轻压荧幕上两点。假如游标移到其中一根手指下方，这装置使用的就是红外线（软体只记录第一个接触点）；假如游标移到两根手指之间，荧幕就是电阻式（两个接触点皆有影响力）。假如这个装置对指甲毫无反应，你的下一步还是用两根手指分别轻压荧幕上两点。这时候，如果游标移到其中一根手指下方，那么这荧幕使用的原理是声波；假如游标移到两根手指中间，它就是电容式触控荧幕。

　　We use touch screens everywhere: tourist kiosks, automatic teller¹ machines, point-of-sale terminals, industrial controls. Half a dozen vendors², plus in-house departments at major manufacturers, produced $800 million worth in 2000. The market is growing because the interfaces³ are easy-to-use, durable⁴ and inexpensive.
　　Touch screens employ one of three physics principles for detecting the point of touch. Pressing a “resistive” design with a finger or other stylus raises a voltage. In “capacitive” models, a finger draws a minute current (this method is often used for cursor pads on notebook computers). In other designs, a finger or stylus interrupts a standing⁵ pattern of acoustic⁶ waves or infrared⁷ lights that blanket the surface.
　　Resistive screens are the oldest, most widely used and least expensive, and they work with any stylus (finger, pen). Capacitive screens must be touched by a finger or an electrically grounded stylus to conduct current. Wave screens are the newest and most expensive. Surface acoustic wave screens must be touched by a finger or a soft stylus such as a pencil eraser to absorb energy; infrared screens work with any stylus. The different technologies may be used in the same applications, although pros⁸ and cons⁹ lead to prevalent combinations: resistive screens for industrial controls and Palm Pilots; capacitive screens for slot machines; wave screens for ATMs and indoor kiosks.
　　Most people are unaware¹⁰ of the type of screen they are using. But tricks can help you tell, according to Frank Shen of Elo TouchSystems in Fremont, Calif., the largest U.S. maker¹¹. Push the screen lightly with your fingernail (not your skin). If it responds, it could be resistive or infrared. In this case, place two separated fingers against the screen at the same time. If the cursor moves beneath one finger, the unit is infrared (software registers the first touch); if the cursor moves between the fingers, it is resistive (the points are averaged). If the unit does not respond to your fingernail, again place two separated fingers against it. If the cursor moves beneath one finger, the unit is acoustic wave; if the cursor moves between the fingers, it is capacitive.

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收听单词发音

1 teller
n.银行出纳员；(选举)计票员
参考例句：
The bank started her as a teller.银行起用她当出纳员。 The teller tried to remain aloof and calm.出纳员力图保持冷漠和镇静。

2 vendors
n.摊贩( vendor的名词复数 )；小贩；（房屋等的）卖主；卖方
参考例句：
The vendors were gazundered at the last minute. 卖主在最后一刻被要求降低房价。 At the same time, interface standards also benefIt'software vendors. 同时，界面标准也有利于软件开发商。来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

3 interfaces
界面( interface的名词复数 )；接口（连接两装置的电路，可使数据从一种代码转换成另一种代码）；交界；联系
参考例句：
If the class needs to be reprogrammed, new interfaces are created. 如果class需要重新程序设计，新的interfaces创建。 Interfaces solve this problem of evolving code. Interfaces解决了代码升级的问题。

4 durable
adj.持久的，耐久的
参考例句：
This raincoat is made of very durable material.这件雨衣是用非常耐用的料子做的。 They frequently require more major durable purchases.他们经常需要购买耐用消费品。

5 standing
n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的
参考例句：
After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。 They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

6 acoustic
adj.听觉的，声音的；(乐器)原声的
参考例句：
The hall has a fine acoustic.这个大厅的传音效果很好。 Animals use a whole rang of acoustic, visual,and chemical signals in their systems of communication.动物利用各种各样的听觉、视觉和化学信号来进行交流。

7 infrared
adj./n.红外线(的)
参考例句：
Infrared is widely used in industry and medical science.红外线广泛应用于工业和医学科学。 Infrared radiation has wavelengths longer than those of visible light.红外辐射的波长比可见光的波长长。

8 pros
abbr.prosecuting 起诉；prosecutor 起诉人；professionals 自由职业者；proscenium （舞台）前部n.赞成的意见( pro的名词复数 )；赞成的理由；抵偿物；交换物
参考例句：
The pros and cons cancel out. 正反两种意见抵消。来自《现代英汉综合大词典》 We should hear all the pros and cons of the matter before we make a decision. 我们在对这事做出决定之前，应该先听取正反两方面的意见。来自《简明英汉词典》

9 cons
n.欺骗，骗局( con的名词复数 )v.诈骗，哄骗( con的第三人称单数 )
参考例句：
The pros and cons cancel out. 正反两种意见抵消。来自《现代英汉综合大词典》 We should hear all the pros and cons of the matter before we make a decision. 我们在对这事做出决定之前，应该先听取正反两方面的意见。来自《简明英汉词典》

10 unaware
a.不知道的，未意识到的
参考例句：
They were unaware that war was near. 他们不知道战争即将爆发。 I was unaware of the man's presence. 我没有察觉到那人在场。

11 maker
n.制造者，制造商
参考例句：
He is a trouble maker，You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼，你不要跟他在一起。 A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。

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