四六级阅读难点关键句200句(四)
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
 61. Of course, it would be as dangerous to overreact to history by concluding that the majority must now be wrong about expansion as it would be to re-enact the response that greeted the suggestion that the continents had drifted.

    62. While the fact of this consumer revolution is hardly in doubt, three key questions remain: who were the consumers? What were their motives1? And what were the effect of the new demand for luxuries?

    63. Although it has been possible to infer from the goods and services actually produced what manufacturers and servicing trades thought their customers wanted, only a study of relevant personal documents written by actual consumers will provide a precise picture of who wanted what.

    64. With respect to their reasons for immigrating2, Grassy3 does not deny their frequently noted4 fact that some of the immigrants of the 1630’s, most notably5 the organizers and clergy6, advanced religious explanations for departure, but he finds that such explanations usually assumed primacy only in retrospect7.

    65. If we take the age-and sex-specific unemployment rates that existed in 1956 (when the overall unemployment rate was 4.1 percent) and weight them by the age- and sex-specific shares of the labor8 force that prevail currently, the overall unemployment rate becomes 5 percent.

    66. He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a “ step up” toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power.

    67. Unless productivity growth is unexpectedly large, however, the expansion of real output must eventually begin to slow down to the economy’s larger run growth potential if generalized demand pressures on prices are to be avoided.

    68. However, when investment flows primarily in one direction, as it generally does from industrial to developing countries, the seemingly reciprocal source-based restrictions9 produce revenue sacrifices primarily by the state receiving most of the foreign investment and producing most of the income—namely ,the developing country partner.

    69. The pursuit of private interests with as little interference as possible from government was seen as the road to human happiness and progress rather than the public obligation and involvement in the collective community that emphasized by the Greeks.

    70. The defense10 lawyer relied on long-standing principles governing the conduct of prosecuting11 attorneys: as quasi-judicial officers of the court they are under a duty not to prejudice a party’s case through overzealous prosecution12 or to detract from the impartiality13 of courtroom atmosphere.

    71. No prudent14 person dared to act on the assumption that, when the continent was settled, one government could include the whole; and when the vast expense broke up, as seemed inevitable15, into a collection of separate nations, only discord16, antagonism17, and wars could be expected.

    72. If they were right in thinking that the next necessity in human progress was to lift the average person upon an intellectual and social level with the most favored, they stood at least three generations nearer than Europe to that goal.

    73. Somehow he knows that if our huckstering civilization did not at every moment violate the eternal fitness of things, the poet’s song would have been given to the world, and the poet would have been cared for by the whole human brotherhood18, as any man should be who does the duty that every man owes it.

    74. The instinctive19 sense of the dishonor which money-purchase does to art is so strong that sometimes a man of letters who can pay his way otherwise refuses pay for his work, as Lord Byron did, for a while, from a noble pride, and as Count Tolstoy has tried to do, from a noble conscience.

    75. Perhaps he believed that he could not criticize American foreign policy without endangering the support for civil rights that he had won from the federal government.

    76. Abraham Lincoln, who presided in his stone temple on August 28, 1963 above the children of the slaves he emancipated20 (解放), may have used just the right words to sum up the general reaction to the Negroes’ massive march on Washington.

    77. In the Warren Court era, voters asked the Court to pass on issues concerning the size and shape of electoral districts, partly out of desperation because no other branch of government offered relief, and partly out of hope that the Court would reexamine old decisions in this area as it had in others, looking at basic constitutional principles in the light of modern living conditions.

    78. Some even argue plausibly21 that this weakness may be irremediable : in any society that, like a capitalist society, seeks to become ever wealthier in material terms disproportionate rewards are bound to flow to the people who are instrumental in producing the increase in its wealth.

    79. This doctrine22 has broadened the application of the Fourteenth Amendment23 to other, nonracial forms of discrimination, for while some justices have refused to find any legislative24 classification other than race to be constitutionally disfavored, most have been receptive to arguments that at least some nonracial discriminations, sexual discrimination in particular, are “suspect” and deserve this heightened scrutiny25 by the courts.

    80. But as cameras become more sophisticated, more automated26, some photographers are tempted27 to disarm28 themselves or to suggest that they are not really armed, preferring to submit themselves to the limits imposed by premodern camera technology because a cruder, less high-powered machine is thought to give more interesting or emotive results, to have more room for creative accident.

    第四部分(61-80句译文)

    61、当然,对历史反应过度以致结论说关于扩张的问题大多数人都错了与重新形成对大陆漂浮建议理论的反应一样,是危险的。将来对于这些关键问题的研究毫无疑问是必要的,然而不应该否定最近研究结论的说服力,在18世纪的英格兰对于一些微不足道和有使用价值的商品和服务的需求,预示了我们今天的世界。

    62、然而这种消费革命的情况还有疑问,三个关键的问题是:消费者是什么人?他们的动机是什么?对于奢侈品的新型需求的效果是什么?

    63、尽管从生产厂商和服务行业认为他们的顾客需要并实际生产的产品或者提供的服务来推断他是可能的。但只有对实际的消费者填写的个人资料的研究才能清楚地描述顾客的需求。

    64、对于他们移民原因的细节,Grassy并不否认他们经常提出的事实-17世纪30年代的一些移民主要由组织家和牧师组成,提出了要离开的宗教解释,但他发现只是以回顾的方式推定的基本情况。

    65、如果我们将1956年(当时的平均失业率为4、1%)的年龄和性别失业率分来用今天一般的劳动力中年龄性别比来计算的话,平均失业率就是5%了。

    66、他很迷惑我并不想要明显的是所有美国人被教导长大后要追求的东西:金钱和权力。

    67、除非生产力的增长出人意料的大,不然实际产出的扩大最终要开始减缓以适应经济的可持续发展,这样才能避免价格的综合需求压力。

    68、然而,当投资基本上流向一个方面时,就像一般从工业化到一般发展中国家一样,看起来是基于双方资源的规定产生的收入损失主要由接收大量外国投资和创造大部分收益的国家来承担-即发展中国家一方。

    69、尽可能没有政府干预地追求个人利益被看作为通往人类幸福的道路和进步,而不是像希腊人强调的集体社会中的公共义务与参与。

    70、辩护律师依靠长期作用的准则来约束原告律师的行来:作为法庭的准司法人员,他们有责任不能过分起诉来偏见性对待一方的案子或者破坏法庭的公正气氛。

    71、没有一个谨慎的人能按如下的假设行事:当陆地确定以后,一个政府并不能包括全部;当这种巨大的开销终于分裂为几个民族时,这看起来是不可避免的,人们就只能等待着争论,敌对和战争了。

    72、如果他们认为人类进步的下一步必需是把普通人的智力水平和社会地位向着最受欢迎的方向提高的看法正确的话,他们至少要比欧洲超前三代接近那个目标。

    73、他认识到如果不是我们的“小贬”文明每时每刻地破坏事实内部的和谐的话,诗人的诗歌就该已经奉献给了世界,而诗人也该被全人类关怀着,每个为大家做事的人都该被如此对待。

    74、金钱购买给艺术的本能耻辱感如此强烈,以致可有时文人可以获得报酬却拒绝为其作品给予的报酬,Lord Byron有时因为尊贵的自豪而这么做,而Count Tolstoy则出于贵族的良知而尽力这么做。

    75、也许他认为他批评美国的外支政策就会使他从联帮政府那里获得的对人权和的支持受到威胁。

    76、Abraham Lincoln在1963年8月28日在他掌管的石头寺里解放了奴隶的孩子们,使用了正确的词语来总统对待华盛顿的黑人群众游行。

    77、在Warren法庭时代,选民们要求法庭通过有关选区的大小和形状的问题,一方面因为出于绝望-没有什么其他的政府部门提供缓解的办法;一方面出于希望-法庭根据现代的生活条件来审视基本的宪法原则,像其他地区一样重新审查在这一地区的旧的规定。

    78、有些人甚至看似事理地认为这一弱点无可补救:在任何一个在物质财富方面追求更加富裕的社会中,比如说资本主义社会,比例不均衡的回报肯定要流向那些在创造财富增长的过程中提供设备的人。

    79、这一学说把十四修正案的应用扩大到了其他方面,由于一些法官拒绝用宪法来给除种族外的东西来进行法定分类予以否定,许多人觉得这一论点可以接受;至少有一些非种族的歧视,特别是性别歧视被怀疑要受法庭的仔细审查。

    80、但由于照相机变得越来越精细,越来越自动化了,一些摄影师禁不住开始解除他们的装备或者说他们根本没什么装备,而倾向于运用那些非现代的照相技术,因为一架未成熟,力不大的机器被认为更加有趣或者说更能有情绪结果,给人更多的创作空间。



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 motives 6c25d038886898b20441190abe240957     
n.动机,目的( motive的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • to impeach sb's motives 怀疑某人的动机
  • His motives are unclear. 他的用意不明。
2 immigrating 97e64302f3d55565cfd50b8d2f6cb4ef     
v.移入( immigrate的现在分词 );移民
参考例句:
  • I have to tie up loose ends before immigrating to America. 移民美国前,我先要处理手头上的一些琐事。 来自互联网
  • Marrying an American citizen is a guaranteed ticket to immigrating to America. 与美国公民结婚是移民美国最佳的门票。 来自互联网
3 grassy DfBxH     
adj.盖满草的;长满草的
参考例句:
  • They sat and had their lunch on a grassy hillside.他们坐在长满草的山坡上吃午饭。
  • Cattle move freely across the grassy plain.牛群自由自在地走过草原。
4 noted 5n4zXc     
adj.著名的,知名的
参考例句:
  • The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
5 notably 1HEx9     
adv.值得注意地,显著地,尤其地,特别地
参考例句:
  • Many students were absent,notably the monitor.许多学生缺席,特别是连班长也没来。
  • A notably short,silver-haired man,he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.他个子明显较为矮小,一头银发,每周都会和他的员工一起打几次篮球。
6 clergy SnZy2     
n.[总称]牧师,神职人员
参考例句:
  • I could heartily wish that more of our country clergy would follow this example.我衷心希望,我国有更多的牧师效法这个榜样。
  • All the local clergy attended the ceremony.当地所有的牧师出席了仪式。
7 retrospect xDeys     
n.回顾,追溯;v.回顾,回想,追溯
参考例句:
  • One's school life seems happier in retrospect than in reality.学校生活回忆起来显得比实际上要快乐。
  • In retrospect,it's easy to see why we were wrong.回顾过去就很容易明白我们的错处了。
8 labor P9Tzs     
n.劳动,努力,工作,劳工;分娩;vi.劳动,努力,苦干;vt.详细分析;麻烦
参考例句:
  • We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
  • He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后,他已经疲惫不堪了。
9 restrictions 81e12dac658cfd4c590486dd6f7523cf     
约束( restriction的名词复数 ); 管制; 制约因素; 带限制性的条件(或规则)
参考例句:
  • I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
  • a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制
10 defense AxbxB     
n.防御,保卫;[pl.]防务工事;辩护,答辩
参考例句:
  • The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
  • The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。
11 prosecuting 3d2c14252239cad225a3c016e56a6675     
检举、告发某人( prosecute的现在分词 ); 对某人提起公诉; 继续从事(某事物); 担任控方律师
参考例句:
  • The witness was cross-examined by the prosecuting counsel. 证人接受控方律师的盘问。
  • Every point made by the prosecuting attorney was telling. 检查官提出的每一点都是有力的。
12 prosecution uBWyL     
n.起诉,告发,检举,执行,经营
参考例句:
  • The Smiths brought a prosecution against the organizers.史密斯家对组织者们提出起诉。
  • He attempts to rebut the assertion made by the prosecution witness.他试图反驳原告方证人所作的断言。
13 impartiality 5b49bb7ab0b3222fd7bf263721e2169d     
n. 公平, 无私, 不偏
参考例句:
  • He shows impartiality and detachment. 他表现得不偏不倚,超然事外。
  • Impartiality is essential to a judge. 公平是当法官所必需的。
14 prudent M0Yzg     
adj.谨慎的,有远见的,精打细算的
参考例句:
  • A prudent traveller never disparages his own country.聪明的旅行者从不贬低自己的国家。
  • You must school yourself to be modest and prudent.你要学会谦虚谨慎。
15 inevitable 5xcyq     
adj.不可避免的,必然发生的
参考例句:
  • Mary was wearing her inevitable large hat.玛丽戴着她总是戴的那顶大帽子。
  • The defeat had inevitable consequences for British policy.战败对英国政策不可避免地产生了影响。
16 discord iPmzl     
n.不和,意见不合,争论,(音乐)不和谐
参考例句:
  • These two answers are in discord.这两个答案不一样。
  • The discord of his music was hard on the ear.他演奏的不和谐音很刺耳。
17 antagonism bwHzL     
n.对抗,敌对,对立
参考例句:
  • People did not feel a strong antagonism for established policy.人们没有对既定方针产生强烈反应。
  • There is still much antagonism between trades unions and the oil companies.工会和石油公司之间仍然存在着相当大的敌意。
18 brotherhood 1xfz3o     
n.兄弟般的关系,手中情谊
参考例句:
  • They broke up the brotherhood.他们断绝了兄弟关系。
  • They live and work together in complete equality and brotherhood.他们完全平等和兄弟般地在一起生活和工作。
19 instinctive c6jxT     
adj.(出于)本能的;直觉的;(出于)天性的
参考例句:
  • He tried to conceal his instinctive revulsion at the idea.他试图饰盖自己对这一想法本能的厌恶。
  • Animals have an instinctive fear of fire.动物本能地怕火。
20 emancipated 6319b4184bdec9d99022f96c4965261a     
adj.被解放的,不受约束的v.解放某人(尤指摆脱政治、法律或社会的束缚)( emancipate的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • Slaves were not emancipated until 1863 in the United States. 美国奴隶直到1863年才获得自由。
  • Women are still struggling to be fully emancipated. 妇女仍在为彻底解放而斗争。 来自《简明英汉词典》
21 plausibly 75646e59e38c0cc6f64664720eec8504     
似真地
参考例句:
  • The case was presented very plausibly. 案情的申述似很可信。
  • He argued very plausibly for its acceptance. 他为使之认可辩解得头头是道。
22 doctrine Pkszt     
n.教义;主义;学说
参考例句:
  • He was impelled to proclaim his doctrine.他不得不宣扬他的教义。
  • The council met to consider changes to doctrine.宗教议会开会考虑更改教义。
23 amendment Mx8zY     
n.改正,修正,改善,修正案
参考例句:
  • The amendment was rejected by 207 voters to 143.这项修正案以207票对143票被否决。
  • The Opposition has tabled an amendment to the bill.反对党已经就该议案提交了一项修正条款。
24 legislative K9hzG     
n.立法机构,立法权;adj.立法的,有立法权的
参考例句:
  • Congress is the legislative branch of the U.S. government.国会是美国政府的立法部门。
  • Today's hearing was just the first step in the legislative process.今天的听证会只是展开立法程序的第一步。
25 scrutiny ZDgz6     
n.详细检查,仔细观察
参考例句:
  • His work looks all right,but it will not bear scrutiny.他的工作似乎很好,但是经不起仔细检查。
  • Few wives in their forties can weather such a scrutiny.很少年过四十的妻子经得起这么仔细的观察。
26 automated fybzf9     
a.自动化的
参考例句:
  • The entire manufacturing process has been automated. 整个生产过程已自动化。
  • Automated Highway System (AHS) is recently regarded as one subsystem of Intelligent Transport System (ITS). 近年来自动公路系统(Automated Highway System,AHS),作为智能运输系统的子系统之一越来越受到重视。
27 tempted b0182e969d369add1b9ce2353d3c6ad6     
v.怂恿(某人)干不正当的事;冒…的险(tempt的过去分词)
参考例句:
  • I was sorely tempted to complain, but I didn't. 我极想发牢骚,但还是没开口。
  • I was tempted by the dessert menu. 甜食菜单馋得我垂涎欲滴。
28 disarm 0uax2     
v.解除武装,回复平常的编制,缓和
参考例句:
  • The world has waited 12 years for Iraq to disarm. 全世界等待伊拉克解除武装已有12年之久。
  • He has rejected every peaceful opportunity offered to him to disarm.他已经拒绝了所有能和平缴械的机会。
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