通过阅读学词汇CET-6（26）_大学学习技巧

通过阅读学词汇CET-6（26）

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Unit Twenty-six
The Success of Eastern Asia’s Economics

　　Outsiders have contemplated² the success of eastern Asia’s economies with admiration³, wonderment and sometimes hostility⁴. Scholars long sought to pinpoint⁵ the secrets behind the achievements of Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore. More recently, they have turned their attention to the emerging “tigers” of Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia. Hard work and entrepreneurial flair⁶ were obvious elements.
　　If a country is rich in a certain natural or human resource, its government should make sure nothing gets in the way of entrepreneurs who want to develop it,be they local or foreign. By allowing the latter a piece of the action, a nation benefits from the multiplying effects of investment, technology transfers and increased employment. And all the better if heavy tariffs⁸ or other forms of preferential treatment could be avoided.
　　 In most cases, government’s main job should be to get out of the way of business. Heavy-handed intervention⁹ in industrial policy generally does not work.It tends to create inefficiencies and artificial barriers to wealth. Governments should concentrate instead on liberalizing their own trade laws and pushing the same cause internationally. Freeing commerce allows natural, human and capital resources to flow into endeavors where they are mot efficient. Governments should keep interest rates and taxes as low as possible and make sure the national bureaucracy is capable and relatively¹⁰ clean.
　　 There is some truth to the argument that the region’s economic dynamos “had it easy back then.” Nations with scant¹¹ resources and hardworking populations were able to export their way to wealth in the past three decades. One reason was that markets in North America and Europe were open and booming. Cold-war imperatives¹³ also helped. In part, they enabled some countries to protect infant industries. Today’s world is a harsher place. Developed countries are still in the grip of recession and a developing nation may face retaliation¹⁴ for even the most innocuous form of “nontariff barrier” – for example, tax incentives¹⁶ for certain industries. But as Asia becomes

wealthier, it will serve as a huge new market to which developing countries can sell their goods.
　　Readers of the World Bank study would do well to remember that its sponsor is an organization that deals essentially¹⁷ governments. It was created to help them intervene in the development process. Its prescriptions¹⁹ can be faulty if they call for strategies to be imposed from the top instead of generated by businessmen. Hopefully, the bank’s report will note that in the end it is economic freedom – to apply entrepreneurial creativity, work hard and reap the rewards of such efforts – that makes any individual or nation wealthy. That was, and is, the secret of Asia’s success.

contemplate¹ vt.1.盘算,计议 2.思量,对…周密考虑 3.注视
[联想词] ponder vt. 思索,考虑,沉思
irrespective a.不考虑的,不顾及的

hostility n.1.敌对,敌意,对抗 2.抵制,反对 3.交战,战争
[联想词] warfare²⁰ n.1.战争(状态) 2.斗争,冲突
antagonism²¹ n.对抗,敌对,对立

pinpoint vi.1.准确描述,确定,确认 2.精确地确定…的位置

entrepreneur n.企业家
enterpreneurial a.企业家的

flair n.1.天赋,资质 2.敏锐的感觉力,鉴别力,眼光 3.爱好,癖好,热情
[联想词] flare²² vi.1.闪耀,烧旺 2.突发,突然发怒 n.闪光信号,照明弹
aptitude²³ n.才能,天资

tariff⁷ n.1.关税,税率 2.价目表,收费表

intervene n.1.干涉,干预 2.干扰,阻挠
intervention n.介入,干涉,干预

endeavor vt. n. 努力,尽力,尝试

bureaucracy n.1.官僚主义 2.政府机构,官僚

dynano n.1.发电机 2.精力充沛的人

scant a.不足的,贫乏的
[联想词] deficiency n.1.缺乏,不足 2.缺点,缺陷

imperative¹² a.1.必要的,紧急的,极重要的 2.命令的 n.必要的事

retaliate²⁴ vi.报复
retaliation n.报复,回报,以牙还牙
[联想词] revenge n.报复,报仇

innocuous a.1.无害的 2.无伤大雅的

incentive¹⁵ n.刺激,鼓励

prescription¹⁸ n.1.处方,药方 2.开处方,开药方
[联想词]               tablet n.药片
               capsule n.胶囊
               herb n.药草,草本植物

reap vt.1.收割,收获 2.获得,得到

点击

收听单词发音

1 contemplate
vt.盘算，计议；周密考虑；注视，凝视
参考例句：
The possibility of war is too horrifying to contemplate.战争的可能性太可怕了，真不堪细想。 The consequences would be too ghastly to contemplate.后果不堪设想。

2 contemplated
adj. 预期的动词contemplate的过去分词形式
参考例句：
The doctor contemplated the difficult operation he had to perform. 医生仔细地考虑他所要做的棘手的手术。 The government has contemplated reforming the entire tax system. 政府打算改革整个税收体制。

3 admiration
n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕
参考例句：
He was lost in admiration of the beauty of the scene.他对风景之美赞不绝口。 We have a great admiration for the gold medalists.我们对金牌获得者极为敬佩。

4 hostility
n.敌对，敌意；抵制［pl.］交战，战争
参考例句：
There is open hostility between the two leaders.两位领导人表现出公开的敌意。 His hostility to your plan is well known.他对你的计划所持的敌意是众所周知的。

5 pinpoint
vt.准确地确定；用针标出…的精确位置
参考例句：
It is difficult to pinpoint when water problems of the modern age began.很难准确地指出，现代用水的问题是什么时候出现的。 I could pinpoint his precise location on a map.我能在地图上指明他的准确位置。

6 flair
n.天赋，本领，才华；洞察力
参考例句：
His business skill complements her flair for design.他的经营技巧和她的设计才能相辅相成。 He had a natural flair for business.他有做生意的天分。

7 tariff
n.关税，税率；(旅馆、饭店等)价目表，收费表
参考例句：
There is a very high tariff on jewelry.宝石类的关税率很高。 The government is going to lower the tariff on importing cars.政府打算降低进口汽车的关税。

8 tariffs
关税制度；关税( tariff的名词复数 )；关税表；（旅馆或饭店等的）收费表；量刑标准
参考例句：
British industry was sheltered from foreign competition by protective tariffs. 保护性关税使英国工业免受国际竞争影响。 The new tariffs have put a stranglehold on trade. 新的关税制对开展贸易极为不利。

9 intervention
n.介入，干涉，干预
参考例句：
The government's intervention in this dispute will not help.政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。 Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.许多人觉得他会反对外来干预。

10 relatively
adv.比较...地，相对地
参考例句：
The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。 The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

11 scant
adj.不充分的，不足的；v.减缩，限制，忽略
参考例句：
Don't scant the butter when you make a cake.做糕饼时不要吝惜奶油。 Many mothers pay scant attention to their own needs when their children are small.孩子们小的时候，许多母亲都忽视自己的需求。

12 imperative
n.命令，需要；规则；祈使语气；adj.强制的；紧急的
参考例句：
He always speaks in an imperative tone of voice.他老是用命令的口吻讲话。 The events of the past few days make it imperative for her to act.过去这几天发生的事迫使她不得不立即行动。

13 imperatives
n.必要的事( imperative的名词复数 )；祈使语气；必须履行的责任
参考例句：
Nixon, however, had other imperatives. 但尼克松另有需要。来自辞典例句 There could be some cultural imperatives in there somewhere! 在公共传播那里，在某些方面，可能有更迫切的文化需要！来自互联网

14 retaliation
n.报复，反击
参考例句：
retaliation against UN workers 对联合国工作人员的报复 He never said a single word in retaliation. 他从未说过一句反击的话。来自《简明英汉词典》

15 incentive
n.刺激；动力；鼓励；诱因；动机
参考例句：
Money is still a major incentive in most occupations.在许多职业中，钱仍是主要的鼓励因素。 He hasn't much incentive to work hard.他没有努力工作的动机。

16 incentives
激励某人做某事的事物( incentive的名词复数 )；刺激；诱因；动机
参考例句：
tax incentives to encourage savings 鼓励储蓄的税收措施 Furthermore, subsidies provide incentives only for investments in equipment. 更有甚者，提供津贴仅是为鼓励增添设备的投资。来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

17 essentially
adv.本质上，实质上，基本上
参考例句：
Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。 She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

18 prescription
n.处方，开药；指示，规定
参考例句：
The physician made a prescription against sea- sickness for him.医生给他开了个治晕船的药方。 The drug is available on prescription only.这种药只能凭处方购买。

19 prescriptions
药( prescription的名词复数 )；处方；开处方；计划
参考例句：
The hospital of traditional Chinese medicine installed a computer to fill prescriptions. 中医医院装上了电子计算机来抓药。 Her main job was filling the doctor's prescriptions. 她的主要工作就是给大夫开的药方配药。

20 warfare
n.战争(状态)；斗争；冲突
参考例句：
He addressed the audience on the subject of atomic warfare.他向听众演讲有关原子战争的问题。 Their struggle consists mainly in peasant guerrilla warfare.他们的斗争主要是农民游击战。

21 antagonism
n.对抗，敌对，对立
参考例句：
People did not feel a strong antagonism for established policy.人们没有对既定方针产生强烈反应。 There is still much antagonism between trades unions and the oil companies.工会和石油公司之间仍然存在着相当大的敌意。

22 flare
v.闪耀，闪烁；n.潮红；突发
参考例句：
The match gave a flare.火柴发出闪光。 You need not flare up merely because I mentioned your work.你大可不必因为我提到你的工作就动怒。

23 aptitude
n.(学习方面的)才能，资质，天资
参考例句：
That student has an aptitude for mathematics.那个学生有数学方面的天赋。 As a child,he showed an aptitude for the piano.在孩提时代，他显露出对于钢琴的天赋。

24 retaliate
v.报复，反击
参考例句：
He sought every opportunity to retaliate against his enemy.他找机会向他的敌人反击。 It is strictly forbidden to retaliate against the quality inspectors.严禁对质量检验人员进行打击报复。

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