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Your Majesties1, Your Royal Highnesses, Your excellencies 尊敬的陛下 诸位位殿下及阁下 Dear laureates 亲爱的各位获奖者 Ladies and gentlemen 女士们 先生们 It is my honor to represent the Nobel Prize in Physics 2018 我很荣幸能够代表2018年诺贝尔物理学奖的得主们来发表演讲 and speak on behalf of Arthur Ashkin and Gerard Mourou 他们是我最尊敬的同事 阿瑟·阿什金和热拉尔·穆鲁 my esteemed2 colleagues with whom I share the prize 我和他们共同分享这一奖项 Arthur Ashkin can one-half of it this year 阿瑟·阿什金获得了今年物理学奖金的一半 and so he should be the one giving this speech 所以他才是应该来发表这个演讲的人 Unfortunately he could not join us for this incredible celebration 但遗憾的是 他无法参加这场激动人心的庆祝活动 Gerard and I want to add our congratulations to Arthur for his remarkable3 invention of laser tweezers4 热拉尔和我想对阿瑟的卓越发明 即激光镊子 表示热烈的祝贺 that can trap living cells and wind up molecular5 motors 它的作用是捕获活细胞 并使分子马达运转起来 We wish Arthur could be here 我们都很希望今天阿瑟能在现场 As has been pointed6 out I joined Marie Curie and Maria Goeppert-Mayer 如所指出的那样 我是居里夫人和玛丽亚·格佩特-梅耶之后 as the only women to win this prize 第三个获得诺贝尔物理学奖的女性 I am humbled7 to be in their company 能够加入她们的队列中实在是受宠若惊 Marie Curie is in a class all her own as the first female winner 居里夫人是独树一帜的 她是有史以来第一位女性获奖者 and still the only person to win the Nobel Prize in two different science categories 也是迄今为止唯一一个在两个不同的科学领域都获得过诺贝尔奖的人 An astounding8 scientist 她是一位令人所有人震惊的科学家 For her PhD Maria Goeppert-Mayer absolutely-- 玛丽亚·格佩特-梅耶在她的博士生涯中-- Maria Goeppert-Mayer a theoretical physicist9 came up with the idea of multi photon physics 玛丽亚是位理论物理学家 她提出了多光子物理学的概念 that means an atom absorbs two or more photons simultaneously10 意思是一个原子可以同时吸收两个或更多的光子 She made the prediction without any experimental evidence 她在没有任何实验证据的情况下做出了这个预测 and in fact it would be another 30 years before I didn't want to observe the effect 事实上 再过30年我就不想观察这个效果了 I cited her theory in my PhD thesis more than fifty years later 在她获奖的50多年后 我在自己的博士论文中引用了她的理论 And as for me 至于我个人的经历 When I was in grad school working on the project for which Gerard and I are being honored 当我还在研究院和热拉尔一起 进行着我们都很自豪的项目时 Cyndi Lauper had a big hit 那个时候 辛迪·劳帕大受欢迎 "Girls just want to have fun" 她说过一句话 “女孩子们只想要玩得开心” but they wanted to wait until the working day is done 但她们想等到工作日结束后才去享受狂欢 but I want to have fun while I'm working 我不一样 我想在工作的时候就从中感受到乐趣 Now not everyone thinks physics is fun 如今不是所有人都认为 物理是有趣的 but I do 但我确实认为它很有趣 I think experimental physics is especially fun 特别是实验物理学 because not only do you get to solve puzzles about the universe or here on earth 因为你不仅能解开遥远的宇宙或是近在咫尺的地球上的谜团 There are really cool toys in the lab 还能使用实验室里那些超级酷炫的玩具 In my case I get to play with high intensity11 lasers that can do magical things 以我自己为例 我可以玩高强度激光 这种激光能实现很神奇的事情 like take one color of laser light and turn it into a rainbow of colors 比如我们可以取一种颜色的激光 然后把它变成彩虹的颜色 Just one of the amazing things we get to see in our laser labs 这只是我们在激光实验室里能看到的令人惊叹的事情之一 Gerard Mourou, who was my PhD supervisor12 热拉尔·穆鲁是我的博士生导师 dreamed up the idea of increasing laser intensity by orders of magnitude 他提出了将激光强度提高几个数量级的主意 He did it while he was on a ski trip with his family 他是在和家人去滑雪旅行的时候 想出这个点子的 He probably shouldn't have been thinking about lasers 他不应该在那种时候还想着激光 He just couldn't help himself 但他就是忍不住 It was my job to take sure our beautiful idea and make it a reality 我的工作是确保我们美好的想法能够成为现实 I built a pulse stretcher, then a laser amplifier 为此我做了一个脉冲拉伸器 然后是激光放大器 and then finally a pulse compressor 最终 我做出了一个脉冲压缩机 To do so, I had to learn to cleave13 optical fiber14, machine, a lot of parts, do a lot of plumbing15 为此 我必须学会如何切割光纤 机器及其零件 做很多的管道工作 Are you feeling the fun? 你们能感受到这其中的乐趣吗? I had to measure the pulse durations and the frequency spectrum 我必须测量脉冲的持续时间和频谱 Not all of the measurements show what we expected 不是所有的测量结果都是我们期望所得到的 We had to figure out the problems and then away around them 我们需要找出这其中的问题 然后避免再次出现同样的错误 That was the fun part 而这就是最有趣的部分 That all took about a year then it was finally time to measure the duration of the compressed amplified pulses 花了大约一年的时间 我们才终于能去测量压缩放大脉冲的持续时间 and I had no way to measure it 但我找不到办法去测量它 Steve Williamson my colleague had the way 我的同事史蒂夫·威廉姆森找到了方法 and he wheeled history camera into my lab one night 一天晚上 他把成像仪推进了我的实验室 and together we measured the compressed pulse width of the amplified pulses 我们一起测量了放大脉冲的压缩脉冲宽度 I will never forget that night 我永远都忘不了那个夜晚 It is truly an amazing feeling when you know that you have built something that no one else ever has 当你知道你做出了别人从未实现的东西时 那种感觉真的超级棒 and it actually works 并且它真的成功了 There really is no excitement quite like it 我想再也没有哪个时刻比它更令我感到激动了 except for maybe getting woken up at 5:00 in the morning 当然 除了早上5点被吵醒 because the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences also thinks 然后瑞典皇家科学院通知我得奖了的那一刻 it was an exciting moment for the field of laser physics 他们也认为 对于激光物理学来说 这的确是个激动人心的时刻 So on behalf of Arthur Ashkin, Gerard Mourou and me 所以在此我代表 阿瑟·阿什金 热拉尔·穆鲁和我自己 Thank you to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and the Nobel foundation 感谢瑞典皇家科学院和诺贝尔基金会 for honoring us and laser physics with this Nobel Prize 感谢你们授予我们和激光物理学科这个诺贝尔奖 点击  收听单词发音
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