Sir Winston Churchill
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Sir Winston Churchill (1874-1965) was the greatest British statesman of modern times. During his long, colorful public career he was a member of parliament for 63 years. He also held almost every government post. And, most important of all, he led his country to victory in World War II. He also wrote many important books and was a talented painter.

Churchill's full name was Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill. He was educated at Harrow School and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. He became a cavalry1 officer and fought in India and Sudan. He left the army and became a newspaper correspondent in the Boer War. In 1899, he was captured by the Boers, but escaped. In 1900 Churchill was elected a member of parliament. As First Lord of the Admiralty, in 1911, he was responsible for strengthening the British navy.

During World War I, he resigned from his post, and became a soldier again, fighting in France. In 1917, however, he became Minister of Munitions2. In this job, he encouraged the development and use of the tank, which was then a new weapon. After the war, Churchill held several government posts.

From 1931 to 1939, he was only a member of parliament. He had fallen into disfavor because of his militant3 attitude. Even his closest friends discouraged him from seeking higher office. But when World War II started, in 1939, Churchill returned to his former job as First Lord of the Admiralty.

In May 1940, he became Prime Minister. Throughout the war, Churchill showed great strength and energy. He worked for long periods with little sleep and traveled many thousands of miles. By the courage and determination expressed in his speeches, he inspired the people of Britain to keep on fighting. His speeches also gave hope to people in parts of Europe occupied by enemy forces.

In the general election at the end of the war, the Conservative Party, of which he was leader, was defeated. But he became Prime Minister again in 1951. He resigned as Prime Minister in 1955. However, he remained a member of parliament until 1964. Some time later, in 1965, he died.



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1 cavalry Yr3zb     
n.骑兵;轻装甲部队
参考例句:
  • We were taken in flank by a troop of cavalry. 我们翼侧受到一队骑兵的袭击。
  • The enemy cavalry rode our men down. 敌人的骑兵撞倒了我们的人。
2 munitions FnZzbl     
n.军火,弹药;v.供应…军需品
参考例句:
  • The army used precision-guided munitions to blow up enemy targets.军队用精确瞄准的枪炮炸掉敌方目标。
  • He rose [made a career for himself] by dealing in munitions.他是靠贩卖军火发迹的。
3 militant 8DZxh     
adj.激进的,好斗的;n.激进分子,斗士
参考例句:
  • Some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals.一些好斗的领导人要和白人中的激进派联合。
  • He is a militant in the movement.他在那次运动中是个激进人物。
TAG标签: British Churchill Winston
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