中考英语辅导:动词不定式详解
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
  1. 聘it作形式定语

  动词不定式作宾语且过长时常请it作形式宾语,而让真正的宾语——不定式断后。例如:

  The man downstairs2 found3 it hard to fall asleep4.

  2. 小品词to 的回避与复出

  许多动词如teach,ask (要;让),tell,beg 等后常有带to的动词不定式作宾补;但let,have,make (让;使),feel,hear 等后作宾补的不定式结构,to 要回避。但在被动语态里to须“重出江湖”;help 后作宾补的不定式可加to,也可省略to.例如:

  The policeman made5 the young woman move her car.

  The young woman was6 made to move her car by the policeman.

  [提示] 对不定式进行否定可在其前加not.如:let sb not do sth; tell sb not to do sth. 把直接引语为祈使句的句子变为间接引语,直接引语一般转换成不定式作宾补。例如:

  The policeman said7. “Don’t play football in the street,children!”

  The policeman asked the children not to play football in the street.

  3. 回答原因,作目的状语

  不定式(短语)常跟在come, go, run, hurry 等动词后作目的状语;或以“in order8 to +动词原形”、“so as1 to +动词原形”等形式出现,或回答what . . . for? / why . . . ?问句。例如:

  -Hi, Peter! Why are you in such9 a hurry?

  -To catch the 7:30 train.

  [提示] 有时目的状语可置于句首,意为“为了……”,相当于in order to.例如:

  To catch the bus, you must get up early.

  在stop后的动词不定式其实是作目的状语,意为“停下来做另一件事”。例如:

  Let’s stop to have a meal10. I know a good restaurant near here.

  4. 作状语,简化相应的复合句

  作结果状语的不定式常以“enough to . . . ,only to . . . , too . . . to . . . ”等形式出场,并能简化成so . . . that . . . 句式。例如:

  Liu Mei was so lucky11 that she received13 many books from Project14 Hope15.

  Liu Mei was lucky enough to receive12 many books from Project Hope.

  5. 作后置定语

  作定语时,不定式(短语)常置于被修饰的名词、不定代词等之后。例如:

  Now China is the third country to send its astronauts16 into space after Russia17 and the US.

  [提示]如果不定式(短语)是不及物动词,其后应有必要的介词/副词。例如:

  I found a nice place for him to live in.

  6. 不定式be to do sth可表将来

  be to do sth 表将来,意为“将要做某事”。例如:

  Our train is to leave at eight.

  7. 时代弄潮儿——“疑问词+不定式”

  “疑问词+不定式”结构中的疑问词包括疑问代词which, who (m), what 和疑问副词how, when, where 等,并常简化相应的从句,但当主句与从句的主语不一致时,不定式常用被动形式。例如:

  The little girl wanted to know when her father could18 take her to Pairs.

  The little girl wanted to know when to be taken to Pairs by her father.



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 as pNiyL     
conj.按照;如同
参考例句:
  • He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
  • In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里,这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。
2 downstairs KsexT     
adj.楼下的;adv.在楼下;n.楼下
参考例句:
  • He went downstairs to breakfast.他下楼去吃早饭了。
  • I'll come downstairs in a minute.我马上下楼。
3 found 8i5xD     
v.建立,创立,创办;vbl.(find的过去分词)找到
参考例句:
  • I found him at home.我发现他在家。
  • The United Nations was found in 1945.联合国于1945年成立。
4 asleep dNayW     
adj.睡熟了的,麻木的;adv.熟睡地
参考例句:
  • The baby seems to be asleep.那婴孩好像是睡着了。
  • My right foot is asleep.我的右脚麻木了。
5 made hAgx2     
v.make的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • They were not made in china.它们不是中国制造的。
  • The monkey made a long arm for the peach.猴子伸臂去摘桃子。
6 was bglwv     
v.(is,am的过去式)是,在
参考例句:
  • He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
  • He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
7 said IYtxh     
v.动词say的过去式、过去分词
参考例句:
  • He said to me that he could not come.他对我说他不能来。
  • He said to his mother that he would do it by himself.他对他的母亲说他将自己独立做那件事。
8 order iJJxt     
n.订单;命令;n.顺序,整齐;勋章;阶级,决议;vt.命令; 调整;定购
参考例句:
  • His desk is always in order.他的书桌上总是整整齐齐的。
  • You pay for it at the time you order it.订购时就得付款。
9 such psww9     
adj.如此的,这样的;pron.这样的;adv.如此地
参考例句:
  • He is such a man.他是这样一个人。
  • He spent all his money,he is such a fool.他这样傻,花光了所有的钱。
10 meal PBhxZ     
n.膳食,一餐,谷物粗粉;vi.进餐
参考例句:
  • Did you enjoy the meal?你喜欢这顿饭吗?
  • Mother cooked us a good meal.妈妈给我们做了一顿可口的饭。
11 lucky YAUxq     
adj.幸运的,侥幸的,碰巧的,吉祥的
参考例句:
  • Three is my lucky number.三是我的幸运数字。
  • You are a lucky dog.你真是个幸运儿。
12 receive DATzB     
v.接收;收到;得到
参考例句:
  • He went to the door to receive his visitors.他到门口去迎接客人。
  • I like to receive presents on my birthday.我喜欢在生日那天收到生日礼物。
13 received wk7zIj     
adj.被一般承认的,被认为标准的v.收到( receive的过去式和过去分词 );接到;接纳;接待
参考例句:
  • He received a knighthood in the New Year's Honours list. 他是新年受勋者之一,荣获爵士称号。
  • The received wisdom is that they cannot win. 大家一致认为他们不会赢。
14 project 3Rrxv     
n.(学校的)课题,作业;项目,计划;方案;工程
参考例句:
  • The project will start next year.这项工程明年上马。
  • I'm doing a project on Chinese history.我正在做一个有关中国历史的研究课题。
15 hope Kcwx9     
vt.希望,期望;vi.希望,期待;n.希望,期望
参考例句:
  • We hope you can come.我们希望你能来。
  • Hope you'll enjoy yourself there.愿您度过愉快的一天。
16 astronauts 193819d19d3e8fd8dd43dc2d745c2916     
n.宇航员,太空人( astronaut的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Astronauts have brought back specimens of rock from the moon. 宇航员从月球带回了岩石标本。
  • Astronauts work in weightless conditions. 宇航员在失重的条件下工作。
17 Russia Zjcz9G     
n.俄罗斯,俄国
参考例句:
  • During his summer vacation he visited Russia.暑假期间他去俄罗斯了。
  • America and Russia are great powers.美国和俄国是两大强国。
18 could lzvxe     
v.能,可能(can的过去式);aux.v.(can的过去式)能;可以
参考例句:
  • Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗?
  • I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。
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