人文知识练习附讲解 8_专业八级

人文知识练习附讲解 8

文章来源：未知文章作者：enread 发布时间：2021-10-23 13:20 字体： [大中小]　进入论坛

(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

1. No.10 Downing Street is____.

A Office of British Navy

B official residence of Prime Minster

C seat of English Parliament

D official residence of King

2. Increasingly troubled by the inroads of northern tribes such as Goths, the West Empire finally collapsed¹ in__.

A 395 B 27 B.C.

C 476 D 1453

3. Who wrote "I came, I saw, I conquered"?

A Horace B Virgil

C Marcus Tullius Cicero D Julius Casar

4. When the Hundred Year's War ended in 1453, the only part of France that was still in the hands of English is__.

A Calais B Paris

C Aquitaine D Anjor

5. Big Ben is the nickname of__.

A Sir Benjamin Hall B Benjamin Franklin

C 315-foot Clock Tower D Sir Charles Barry

6. In England, the most famous of the Catholic conspiracies² was__.

A The Cobham's plot B the murder of Thomas Becket

C the execution of Mary Queen of Scots D the Gunpowder³ Plot

7. The author of On the Origin of Species is__.

A George Baron⁴ B Charles Darwin

C John Baldwin D Winston Churchill

8. The author of On the Nature of Things is __.

A Horace B Virgil

C Lucretius D Julius Caesar

9. Which of the following is by far the most influential⁵ in the West?

A Christianity B Buddhism⁶

C Islamism D Judaism

10. The Old Testament⁷ consists of 39 books, the oldest and most important of which are the first fie books, called __.

A Exodus⁸ B Commandments

C Amos D Pentateuch　　

答案

【答案】

1-5 BCDAC

6-10 DBCAD

1. 选B.

No.10 Downing Street(唐宁街10号，是首相官邸，) Downing Street位于伦敦中部，No.11 Downing Street是英国财政大臣的官邸，因此唐宁街常作为英国政府的代名词。

2. 选C

注意这几个时间：公元476年西罗马帝国灭亡，公元395年罗马帝国分裂为东罗马帝国和西罗马帝国；公元1453年东罗马帝国灭亡，而公元前27年罗马帝国正式建立。

3. 选D

Julius Caesar(恺撒，100-44 BC，罗马统帅，政治家)于49-44BC成为罗马独裁者，后被共和派贵族刺杀，著有《高卢战记》（Commentaries）Marcus Tullius Cicero (西塞罗104-43BC)罗马政治家，哲学家和雄辩家。

4. 选A

1453年英法百年战争结束时，只有法国北部的Calais加莱港还被英军占领。

5. 选C

Big Ben(大本钟)是指伦敦英国议会大厦钟楼上的大钟，也谕指放置大本钟的钟楼。该钟是由英国政府官员Sir Benjamin Hall于1859年主持建造的。

6. 选D

The Gunpowder Plot (火药阴谋)是指1605年英国发生的由Guy Fawkes等企图炸毁议会大厦，扎死国王的天主教火药硬煤案。这一阴谋的Guy Fawkes和其他7名同谋在犯罪现场被捉获。后国会决定每年的11月5日为”Guy Fawkes Day”,在这一天人们燃放烟火和烧福克斯的模拟象，晚上英国人会用Bonfire Night “篝火之夜”来庆祝这一天。

7. 选B

Charles Darwin (达尔文1809-1882)英国博物学家，进化论的创始，进化生物学的奠基人，提出以自然选择为基础的进化论学说和人类起源于类人猿。著有On the Origin of Species《物种起源》

8. 选C

Lucretius (卢克莱修约94-95BC)古罗马诗人和哲学家。The nature of things<物性论>，他认为物质是永恒的(Matter is eternal.)

9. 选A

到目前为止，Christianity(基督教)仍然是西方国家最有影响力的。

10. 选D

Pentateuch《魔西五书》是 The Old Testament《旧约全书》中最古老，最重要的五部。Pentateuch《魔西五书》，包括Genesis《创始记》， Exodus《出埃及记》 Leviticus 《利未记》Numbers《民数记》 Deuteronomy《申命记》

点击

收听单词发音

1 collapsed
adj.倒塌的
参考例句：
Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。 The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。

2 conspiracies
n.阴谋，密谋( conspiracy的名词复数 )
参考例句：
He was still alive and hatching his conspiracies. 他还活着，策划着阴谋诡计。来自辞典例句 It appeared that they had engaged in fresh conspiracies from the very moment of their release. 看上去他们刚给释放，立刻开始新一轮的阴谋活动。来自英汉文学

3 gunpowder
n.火药
参考例句：
Gunpowder was introduced into Europe during the first half of the 14th century.在14世纪上半叶，火药传入欧洲。 This statement has a strong smell of gunpowder.这是一篇充满火药味的声明。

4 baron
n.男爵；(商业界等)巨头，大王
参考例句：
Henry Ford was an automobile baron.亨利·福特是一位汽车业巨头。 The baron lived in a strong castle.男爵住在一座坚固的城堡中。

5 influential
adj.有影响的，有权势的
参考例句：
He always tries to get in with the most influential people.他总是试图巴结最有影响的人物。 He is a very influential man in the government.他在政府中是个很有影响的人物。

6 Buddhism
n.佛教（教义）
参考例句：
Buddhism was introduced into China about 67 AD.佛教是在公元67年左右传入中国的。 Many people willingly converted to Buddhism.很多人情愿皈依佛教。

7 testament
n.遗嘱；证明
参考例句：
This is his last will and testament.这是他的遗愿和遗嘱。 It is a testament to the power of political mythology.这说明，编造政治神话可以产生多大的威力。

8 exodus
v.大批离去，成群外出
参考例句：
The medical system is facing collapse because of an exodus of doctors.由于医生大批离去，医疗系统面临崩溃。 Man's great challenge at this moment is to prevent his exodus from this planet.人在当前所遇到的最大挑战，就是要防止人从这个星球上消失。

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