Four common bad habits combined — smoking, drinking too much, inactivity and poor diet — can age you by 12 years, sobering¹ new research suggests.

一项最新研究结果让人警醒：吸烟、酗酒、缺乏运动和饮食不合理等四个不良习惯加在一起，会让你看上去老12岁。

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The findings² are from a study that tracked nearly 5,000 British adults for 20 years, and they highlight³ yet another reason to adopt a healthier lifestyle.

Overall⁴, 314 people studied had all four unhealthy behaviors. Among them, 91 died during the study, or 29 percent. Among the 387 healthiest people with none of the four habits, only 32 died, or about 8 percent.

The risky⁵ behaviors were: smoking tobacco; downing more than three alcoholic⁶ drinks per day for men and more than two daily for women; getting less than two hours of physical activity（身体活动，体育活动） per week; and eating fruits and vegetables fewer than three times daily.

These habits combined substantially（实质上，大体上） increased the risk of death and made people who engaged in them seem 12 years older than people in the healthiest group, said lead researcher Elisabeth Kvaavik of the University of Oslo.

The study appears in Monday's Archives of Internal⁷ Medicine.

The healthiest group included never-smokers and those who had quit; teetotalers（禁酒主义者） , women who had fewer than two drinks daily and men who had fewer than three; those who got at least two hours of physical activity weekly; and those who ate fruits and vegetables at least three times daily.

"You don't need to be extreme" to be in the healthy category, Kvaavik said. "These behaviors add up, so together it's quite good. It should be possible for most people to manage to do it."

The US government generally recommends at least 4 cups of fruits or vegetables daily for adults, depending on age and activity level; and about 2 1/2 hours of exercise weekly.