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June 8 - Leaders from the Group of Eight (G8) leading industrialized powers in Heiligendamm, Germany on Thursday sealed a compromise on climate change which German Chancellor1 Angela Merkel described as a "real turning point."
Merkel told reporters that the leaders have agreed to "substantially" cut greenhouse gases in the fight against climate change, which is a "great success." According to the chancellor, the G8 leaders have agreed to "seriously consider" the decisions made by the European Union, Canada and Japan of cutting carbon emissions2 by 50 percent below the 1990 levels by 2050. They also agreed to tackle climate change within the framework of the United Nations, said Merkel. "What can be most possibly achieved has been achieved," said Merkel. The agreement sent a "strong signal" for the UN climate conference to be held in December in Bali, Indonesia, designed to kick off the international negotiations3 for a post-Kyoto agreement, she said. According to a draft of the G8 summit declaration issued Thursday, the leaders agreed that further actions on climate change should be based on the UN principle of "common but differentiated4 responsibilities and respective capabilities," with G8 nations taking the lead. "We acknowledge the continuing leadership role that developed economies have to play in any future climate change efforts to reduce global emissions," it said. Meanwhile, the G8 nations would "invite" the emerging economies, including China and India, to "address the increase in their emissions by reducing the carbon intensity5 of their economic development," said the declaration. Still, environmental organization Green peace said it was disappointed by the G8 agreement. "This is too little," said Green peace, noting that the G8 leaders have finally failed to agree on binding6 targets. Germany, which holds the rotating G8 presidency7, has called for actions to limit the rise in global temperatures to two degrees Celsius8 this century, which experts say requires a global reduction in emissions of 50 percent below 1990 levels by 2050. However, the United States, the world's biggest greenhouse gas producer, had voiced "fundamental opposition9" to mandatory10 targets, making climate change one of the most controversial issues during the upcoming G8 summit. Shortly before the summit, U.S. President George W. Bush announced a separate plan, calling on 15 of the world's biggest greenhouse emitters to meet and agree on long-term goals by the end of 2008. The United States, which has not signed the Kyoto Treaty, said environmental protection cannot come at the price of hurting economic growth. On another contentious11 issue concerning the U.S. plan of a missile defense12 system in Central Europe, Russian President Vladimir Putin made a surprise offer to his U.S. counterpart George W. Bush. Putin told Bush that Moscow would not oppose a U.S. plan of a radar13-based missile defense system in Europe if it was deployed14 in Azerbaijan instead of Central Europe. Speaking to reporters following their eye-catching meeting, Bush described Putin's proposal as "interesting." "We have a desire to work together," Bush said, adding that he and Putin would discuss the proposal at their summit on July 1-2 at the Bush family compound in Kennebunkport, Maine. According to U.S. National Security Adviser15 Steve Hadley, defense experts from the two sides will discuss the possibility of Putin's initiative. Putin said he was satisfied with talks with Bush and explained that an Azerbaijan-based U.S. missile defense shield would alleviate16 Russia's concerns about it, which would cover all of Europe rather part of it. Reports said that the two leaders also agreed to a strategic dialogue involving military and diplomacy17. The meeting between the two on the sidelines of the Group of Eight (G8) summit was aimed to reduce high tension between the two sides over the U.S. plan of deploying18 the missile defense shield in the Czech Republic and Poland. Washington plans to place a radar system in the Czech Republic and interceptor missiles in neighboring Poland in the name of defending possible attacks from Iran. Russia has accused Washington of raising a new arms race in the region, which Washington denies. On Thursday, Putin also hold face-to-face talks with Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper, French President Nicolas Sarkozy and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. The three-day G8 summit opened Wednesday evening, and concludes on Friday. In a summit declaration released on the official website of the G8 event, G8 leaders called for more efforts to adjust global imbalances when the world economy is in good, although they appeared upbeat about the world economy. "We note that the world economy is in good condition," the G8 leaders said in the declaration. "Growth is now more balanced across regions, as it has moderated to a more sustainable pace in the United States, while domestic demand has strengthened in Europe and remains19 supported by robust20 investment in Japan," they said. They also pledged to intensify21 anti-corruption22 efforts, both at the national and international levels, terming the fight against corruption "one of the most important tasks of the G8." In the meantime, they called for joint23 global efforts to secure freedom of investment.
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