彩色视觉可帮助鸟类更好地觅食
文章来源:未知 文章作者:enread 发布时间:2016-06-17 08:38 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
The researchers have established that chickens - just like people - have colour constancy. For birds, this means that they, in different environments and under different lighting1 conditions, recognise the colour of, for instance, berries and can thereby2 distinguish those that are ripe from those that are not. Without colour constancy, they would not be able to rely on their colour vision - they would simply see the berries in different colours as the light changed. They would certainly also not be able to recognise their own kind of species. The results were achieved by the researchers from training chickens. Initially3, the chickens were kept in an environment with white light and had access to containers marked in three different colours: red, yellow and orange. Only by selecting the orange container would the birds receive food. The researchers then studied which container the chickens selected when the light in the room was switched to different shades of red. The results showed that the chickens continued to select the orange container.
 
"We studied many different lighting conditions to find out how big the changes in light could be without the chickens losing their colour constancy. This type of study has never been done before", says Peter Olsson, biologist and one of the researchers of the world-leading Lund Vision Group at the Faculty4 of Science at Lund University.
 
By using a mathematical model, the researchers calculated how big the changes in light are inside the chickens' eyes. The same model can be used on other animals and thereby allow researchers for the first time to compare the colour constancy of chickens and birds to the colour constancy ability in other animals.
 
"We can also compare the chickens' colour constancy ability in the laboratory to the light changes they and other birds experience in nature, such as how the lighting conditions differ in the woods from in an open field. Our results show that they are able to maintain their colour constancy under greater changes in light in the laboratory than when experiencing those that occur in nature", says Peter Olsson.


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1 lighting CpszPL     
n.照明,光线的明暗,舞台灯光
参考例句:
  • The gas lamp gradually lost ground to electric lighting.煤气灯逐渐为电灯所代替。
  • The lighting in that restaurant is soft and romantic.那个餐馆照明柔和而且浪漫。
2 thereby Sokwv     
adv.因此,从而
参考例句:
  • I have never been to that city,,ereby I don't know much about it.我从未去过那座城市,因此对它不怎么熟悉。
  • He became a British citizen,thereby gaining the right to vote.他成了英国公民,因而得到了投票权。
3 initially 273xZ     
adv.最初,开始
参考例句:
  • The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
  • Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。
4 faculty HhkzK     
n.才能;学院,系;(学院或系的)全体教学人员
参考例句:
  • He has a great faculty for learning foreign languages.他有学习外语的天赋。
  • He has the faculty of saying the right thing at the right time.他有在恰当的时候说恰当的话的才智。
TAG标签: birds colour chickens
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