"We read to know we are not alone," wrote C.S. Lewis. But how do books make us feel we are not alone? "Obviously, you can't hold a book's hand, and a book isn't going to dry your tears when you're sad," says University at Buffalo¹, SUNY psychologist Shira Gabriel. Yet we feel human connection, without real relationships, through reading. "Something else important must be happening."

In an upcoming study in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, Gabriel and graduate student Ariana Young show what that something is: When we read, we psychologically become part of the community described in the narrative²（叙述，故事） —be they wizards or vampires⁴. That mechanism⁵ satisfies the deeply human, evolutionarily crucial, need for belonging.

The researchers recruited 140 undergraduates for the study. First the participants were assessed on the extent to which they meet their needs for connection by identifying with groups. Then some read a passage from the novel Twilight⁶ in which the undead Edward describes what it feels like to be a vampire³ to his romantic interest Bella. Others read a passage from Harry⁷ Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone in which the Hogwarts students are separated into "houses" and Harry meets potions professor Severus Snape. Participants were given 30 minutes to read the passage and were instructed to simply read for their own pleasure.

Then, two measures gauged⁸ the participants' psychological affiliation⁹ with vampires or wizards. In the first, the students were instructed to categorize—as quickly and accurately¹⁰ as possible—"me" words (myself, mine) and "wizard" words (broomstick, spell, wand, potions) by pressing the same key when any of those words flashed on the screen; they pressed another key for "not-me" words (they, theirs) and "vampire" words (blood, fangs¹¹, bitten, undead). Then the pairs were reversed. Gabriel and Young expected participants to respond more quickly when "me" words were linked with a group to which "me" belonged, depending on which book they read.

Next the researchers administered what they called the Twilight/Harry Potter Narrative Collective Assimilation Scale, consisting of questions indicating identification with wizards or vampires. Examples: "Do you think you might be able to make yourself disappear and reappear somewhere else?" and "How sharp are your teeth?" Finally, short questionnaires assessed participants' life satisfaction and mood.

As predicted, on both measures, Harry Potter readers "became" wizards and the Twilight readers "became" vampires. In addition, participants who were more group-oriented in life showed the largest assimilation（同化，吸收） effects. Finally, "belonging" to these fictional¹² communities delivered the same mood and life satisfaction people get from affiliation（友好关系，联盟） with real-life groups.

"The study explains how this everyday phenomenon—reading—works not just for escape or education, but as something that fulfills¹³ a deep psychological need," says Young. And we don't have to slay¹⁴ any boggarts（鬼怪） or get bitten to feel it.