The analysis of the roughly 3,000 pieces is still in its infant stage. But it is already evident that the results will be of major significance. "Amazingly often, we are finding-in addition to Asian forms-the same insect species in Fushun amber¹ that we found in Baltic amber," explained Bonn paleontologist Professor Dr. Jes Rust². The Baltic amber comes from the Baltic Sea region, which is almost 10,000 kilometers from Fushun. Sites rich in finds are, e.g., the coastal³ regions of Mecklenburg, Poland and Belarus. The pieces from the Baltic region are slightly younger than the ones from Fushun-according to estimates, about 40 to 50 million years. At that time, Europe and Asia were divided by the Strait of Turgay, a wide arm of the ocean. Many researchers had assumed until now that this body of saltwater prevented species migrations⁴ between the continents-or at least, made it much harder. "Consequently, the great similarity of the included insects has been a great surprise to us," said Rust. "We don't know yet how that fits together."

 

 

In the vicinity of（在附近） the Northeast Chinese city of Fushun, there are large lignite（褐煤） deposits. Humans have been digging up this fuel from the ground for more than a century already. And in doing so, they also kept finding pieces of amber. Traditionally, the locals made jewelry⁵ from it. Particularly beautiful finds with interesting inclusions（包含物） are highly sought after among collectors.

 

Until now, the inclusions had not been studied systematically⁶. It was the Chinese paleontologist Dr. Bo Wang who finally recognized the scientific potential of Fushun amber. Wang, who is currently at the Bonn University on a research grant（研究补助） from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, used his good contacts with institutes and collectors to start systematically cataloguing the finds. An analysis is currently underway in collaboration⁷ with paleontologists from Europe and the USA.

 

And it is beginning to become clear how rich this deposit is. So far, the researchers have been able to identify arachnids（蛛形类） and insects from more than 80 families-a snapshot of the past that provides a detailed⁸ view of what tiny animals populated East Asia 53 million years ago.

 

In addition, the Fushun deposit is filling in one of the blank spots on the map. With the exception of India, it constitutes the only significant site where amber has been found in Asia. Rust regrets that the open pit mining in Fushun will soon stop. "But despite that, the detailed analysis of the finds will probably keep us busy for quite some time."

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