对非谓语动词的要求(6)
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

(七)非谓语动词中的有关句型

  (1)动名词作主语的句型。

  A. Doing...+?v.?,例:

  Reading is an art.阅读是门艺术。

  Seeing is believing.眼见为实。

  B. It is+no use,no good(fun,a great pleasure,a waste of time,a bore...)等名词+doing sth.,例:

  It is no use crying.哭没有用。

  It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。

  It is a great fun playing football.踢足球很有趣。

  It is a waste of time trying to explain.设法解释是浪费时间。

  C. It is+useless(nice,good,interesting,expensive等形容词)+doing sth.,例:

  It is useless speaking.光说没用。

  It is nice seeing you again.真高兴又遇到了你。

  It is good playing chess after supper.晚饭后弈棋挺好。

  It is expensive running this car.开这种小车是浪费。

  D. There is no+doing...(there is no表示“不可能”),例:

  There is no telling what he is going to do.说出他要干什么是不可能的。

  There is no saying what may happen.说出将要发生什么是不可能的。

  E. There is no use (good)+doing sth.做某事没用(不好)。例:

  There is no use crying over spilt milk.牛奶洒了,哭也无用。

  F. have difficulty+(in)+doing

  have作“有”解时,后接情感名词(in可省略),再接动名词。这类词还有trouble,fun,a ha

  rd time,a good time.

  例如:We had difficulty (in) carrying out the plan.我们执行计划有困难。

  G. feel like+名词感觉像

  动名词想要=would like to+原形动词,例:

  I feel like a newborn baby.我感觉像一个新生的婴儿。

  Do you feel like going to a movie?你想看电影吗?

  I don?t feel like studying tonight.今晚我不想读书。

  H. They spent a lot of time (in) making preparations.他们花了许多时间作准备。

  I.在require后只能用动名词,不能用不定式,尽管表示被动的意思也要用动名词的主动形式。

  This problem requires studying with great care.这个问题需要仔细研究。

  (2)有关分词句型。

  A.在表示感觉和心理状态的动词see, hear, feel, smell, listen(to), notice,observe, smell, watch这类表示感觉的动词之后常跟“宾语+现在分词”的复合结构,这种动词与分词之间的宾语可以是普通名词或专有名词(人名等),也可以是代词宾格(him,us等)。例如:

  She smelt1 something burning and saw smoke rising.

  她闻到有东西在燃烧并看到有烟升起来了。

  I watched them rehearsing the play.我看他们排演戏。

  I could feel the wind blowing on my face.我能感觉到风在我脸上吹过。

  B.表示“致使”等意义的动词,如:catch,find,leave,give,have,get,set后也可跟上述(1)的结构,有时也可跟过去分词结构。例如:

  I caught them stealing my apples.他们偷我的苹果,被我当场抓获。

  If she catches me reading her diary,she?ll be furious2.

  如果她抓住我偷看她的日记,她会很生气的。

  We found him waiting to receive us.我们发现他正等着接待我们。

  C. go+现在分词表示“从事……”之意,这时现在分词做主语补语。go之后所接现在分词,均表示短暂而又愉快的户外活动。如:jogging慢跑,fishing钓鱼,dancing跳舞,skating溜冰,bowling打保龄球,shopping购物,sightseeing游览,camping露营。

  I"ll go camping tomorrow.我明天去露营。

  I"ll go shopping.我去商店。

  Would you like to go skating with me?你想和我去溜冰吗?

  D. be busy+?v.ing(现在分词)忙着做……,例:

  I am busy writing my thesis3.我正忙着写论文。

  His assistant is busy (in) correcting papers.他的助教忙于批阅考卷。

  或者be busy with+?n.?忙着做某事。

  He is busy with his work.他忙着工作。

  E. What do you say to+ing分词?(……怎么样?)

  What do you say to joining us for dinner?和我们一起进餐,你看怎么样?

  (3)there be的非谓语形式。

  there be非谓语形式可在句中作主语、宾语、状语和定语。

  A.作动词宾语时,通常用there to be结构,而不用there being。能这样用的及物动词为:expect,like,mean,intend,want,prefer,hate等,如:

  We don?t want there to be any comrades lagging behind.我们不希望有任何同志掉队。

  They hate there to be long queues everywhere.他们不愿意处处都要排长队。

  We have no objection to there being a meeting here.我们并不反对在这里开会。

  B.作状语多用there being结构,但若置于介词之后,for用there to be整个介词短语作程度状语,其他多半用there being。例:

  There being nobody else at hand,I had to do it by myself.由于附近没有人,我只得独自干了。(原因状语)

  It?s too early for there to be anybody up.太早了,还不会有人起床。(作程度状语)

  Thereshavingsbeen no rain for a long time,the ground was very dry.因为好长时间没下雨了,地面非常干燥。(原因状语)

  C.作主语时两种结构都可以,但如是用for引导则要用there to be。例:

  It is not uncommon4 for there to be problems of communication between old and young.老人与年轻人之间存在着沟通问题是很常见的。

  There being a kindergarten on campus is a great convenience to female teachers.幼儿园在校园内对女教师十分方便。   D.作定语。there be结构作定语时,定语从句中谓语为there be,there之前的关系代词常常省略。例:

  This is the fastest train (that) there is to Nanking.这是到南京的最快一班车。

  I must make full use of the time there is left to me and do as much as I can for the people.我要充分利用我剩下的岁月尽量为人民多做些事。



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1 smelt tiuzKF     
v.熔解,熔炼;n.银白鱼,胡瓜鱼
参考例句:
  • Tin is a comparatively easy metal to smelt.锡是比较容易熔化的金属。
  • Darby was looking for a way to improve iron when he hit upon the idea of smelting it with coke instead of charcoal.达比一直在寻找改善铁质的方法,他猛然想到可以不用木炭熔炼,而改用焦炭。
2 furious Zfdzc     
adj.狂怒的,暴怒的,强烈的,激烈的
参考例句:
  • I was furious at his making such an accusation.我对他的这种责备非常气愤。
  • His wife was furious with him.他妻子对他大发雷霆。
3 thesis DIzzN     
n.论题,论点,论文
参考例句:
  • His thesis is being finished off.他的论文快写完了。
  • He argued his thesis well.他为他的论点进行了有力的辩论。
4 uncommon AlPwO     
adj.罕见的,非凡的,不平常的
参考例句:
  • Such attitudes were not at all uncommon thirty years ago.这些看法在30年前很常见。
  • Phil has uncommon intelligence.菲尔智力超群。
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