一项国际创业活动报告的一位作者表示，美国人去年的创业热情减退，但亚洲和南美新兴经济体的创业活动则显示出上升势头。

US enthusiasm for starting businesses waned¹ last year but the emerging economies of Asia and South America showed a rise in entrepreneurial activity, according to one of the authors of an international report on entrepreneurship.

《全球创业观察》(Global Entrepreneurship Monitor)发现，去年在美国，不管是正考虑创业还是刚创办了新企业的人的比例均大幅下降。《全球创业观察》是全球最全面的创业活动研究报告。 The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, the world's most comprehensive study of start-up activity, found the percentage of people who were either thinking of going into business or had just started a new venture slid substantially in the US last year.

《全球创业观察》总编丽贝卡o哈丁(Rebecca Harding)表示，房价下跌在美国产生了特殊影响，因为人们感到，支撑自己冒险创业的财政保障减少了。

Rebecca Harding, executive director of GEM², said the decline in house prices had a particular impact in the US because people felt they had less of a financial cushion to support a business risk.

她表示："人们很难认为，他们可以自由地从自己的住宅那里借点钱去创业。"

"It has been difficult for people to think that they have the freedom to borrow a bit of money off their house" to start a business, she said.

《全球创业观察》分析了42个国家的创业水平，发现在全球几个最富裕的国家，参与创业活动的人口比例显著下降。

The GEM report, which analyses levels of entrepreneurship in 42 countries, found substantial declines in the proportion of people involved in early-stage start-up activity in several of the world's richest nations.


美国参与创业的人口比例从上年的12.4%降至10%；德国的比例从5.4%降至4.2%；法国从5.4%下降至4.4%。

In the US the figure fell from 12.4 per cent last year to 10 per cent; in Germany it dropped from 5.4 per cent to 4.2 per cent; and in France the decline was from 5.4 per cent to 4.4 per cent.

哈丁表示，美国经济的不确定性对欧洲大型经济体的创业活动产生了连锁影响，这些经济体本身已受到高失业率等结构性问题的困扰。 Uncertainty³ about the US economy had a knock-on effect on entrepreneurship in large European economies, which were already beset⁴ by structural⁵ problems such as high unemployment, Ms Harding said.

英国创业活动比例从6.2%下降到5.8%，部分原因是金融服务业的就业机会增加，该行业的高薪诱惑吸引了许多潜在创业者。

The decline in the UK's early stage entrepreneurship rate, from 6.2 per cent to 5.8 per cent, was blamed partly on the growth in jobs in the financial services sector⁶, where the lure⁷ of high wages was attracting many would-be entrepreneurs.

相比之下，中国的创业比例从上年的13.7%升至16.2%，阿根廷的这一比例从9.9%升至10.2%。
By contrast, in China early stage entrepreneurship rose to 16.2 per cent from 13.7 per cent year-on-year, and in Argentina to 10.2 per cent from 9.9 per cent

总体而言，较贫穷国家的创业活动比例最高。在这些国家，许多初创企业的组建，是因为没有其它更好的赚钱途径。

Early-stage entrepreneurial activity is generally highest in poorer countries, where many start-ups are formed because there are no better alternatives available to earn money.