"Now, what do I observe upon coolly proceeding¹ to this investigation²? A puny³ creature, always inferior to man, infinitely⁴ less attractive than he, less ingenious, less wise, constructed in a disgusting manner entirely⁵ opposite to what is capable of pleasing a man, to what is able to delight him... a being three-quarters of her life untouchable, unwholesome, unable to satisfy her mate throughout the entire period Nature constrains⁶ her to childbearing, of a sharp turn of humor, shrill⁷, shrewish, bitter, and thwart⁸; a tyrant⁹ if you allow her privileges, mean, vile¹⁰, and a sneak¹¹ in bondage¹²; always false, forever mischievous¹³, constantly dangerous; in short, a being so perverse¹⁴ that during several convocations the question was very soberly agitated¹⁶ at the Council of Macon whether or not this peculiar¹⁷ creature, as distinct from man as is man from the ape, had any reasonably legitimate¹⁸ pretensions¹⁹ to classification as a human; but this quandary²⁰ might be merely an error of the times; were women more favorably viewed in earlier ages? Did the Persians, the Medes, the Babylonians, the Greeks, the Romans honor this odious²² sex we are able to dare make our idol²³ today? Alas²⁴! I see it oppressed everywhere, everywhere rigorously banished²⁶ from affairs, condemned²⁷ everywhere, vilified²⁸, sequestered²⁹, locked up; women treated, in a word, like beasts one stables in the barn and puts to use when the need arises. Do I pause a moment at Rome? then I hear the wise Cato exclaim from the heart of the ancient world's capital: 'Were women lacking to men, they would yet hold conversation with the Gods.' I hear a Roman censor³⁰ begin his harangue³¹ with these words: 'Gentlemen, were we ever to find a means to live without women, thereupon unto us should true happiness be known.' I hear the Greek theater resound³² to these lines intoned: 'O Zeus! what reason was it obliged thee to create women? couldst not have given being to humankind by better devices and wiser, by schemes which in a word would have spared us this female pestilence³³?' I see this same Greek race hold that sex in such high contempt legislation was needed to oblige a Spartan³⁴ to reproduce, and one of the penalties decreed in those enlightened republics was to compel a malefactor³⁵ to garb³⁶ himself in a woman's attire³⁷, that is to say, to wear the raiments of the vilest³⁸ and most scorned creature of which man had acquaintance.

 

"But without inquiring for examples in ages at such a great remove from ours, with what sort of an eye is this wretched sex still viewed upon the earth's surface? How is it dealt with? I behold³⁹ it imprisoned⁴⁰ throughout Asia and serving there as slave to the barbarous whims⁴¹ of a despot who molests⁴² it, torments⁴⁴ it, and turns its sufferings into a game. In America I find a naturally humane⁴⁵ race, the Eskimos, practicing all possible acts of beneficence amongst men and treating women with all imaginable severity: I see them humiliated⁴⁶, prostituted to strangers in one part of the world, used as currency in another. In Africa, where without doubt their station is yet further degraded, I notice them toiling⁴⁷ in the manner of beasts of burden, tilling the soil, fertilizing⁴⁸ it and sowing seed, and serving their husbands on their knees only. Will I follow Captain Cook in his newest discoveries? Is the charming isle⁴⁹ of Tahiti, where pregnancy⁵⁰ is a crime sometimes meriting death for the mother and almost always for the child, to offer me women enjoying a happier lot? In the other islands this same mariner⁵¹ charted, I find them beaten, harassed⁵² by their own offspring, and bullied⁵³ by the husband himself who collaborates⁵⁴ with his family to torment⁴³ them with additional rigor²⁵.

 

"Oh, Therese I let not all this astonish you, nor be more surprised by the general pre-eminence accorded men over their wives in all epochs: the more a people is in harmony with Nature, the better will be its use of her laws; the wife can have no relation to her husband but that of a slave to his master; very decidedly she has no right to pretend to more cherished titles. One must not mistake for a prerogative⁵⁵ the ridiculous abuses which, by degrading our sex, momentarily elevates yours: the cause for these travesties⁵⁶ must be sought out, enunciated⁵⁷, and afterward⁵⁸ one must only the more constantly return to reason's sagacious counsels. Well, Therese, here is the cause of the temporary respect your sex once upon a time enjoyed and which it still misuses⁵⁹ today while they who perpetuate⁶⁰ it are unaware⁶¹ of what they are doing.

 

"In the Gaul of long ago, that is to say, in that one part of the world where women were not totally treated as slaves, women had the habit of prophesying⁶², of predicting the happy event: the people fancied they plied⁶³ their trade successfully only because of the intimate commerce they doubtless had with the Gods; whence they were, so to speak, associated with the sacerdotal and enjoyed a measure of the consideration lavished⁶⁴ upon priests. French chivalry⁶⁵ was founded upon these inanities⁶⁶ and finding them favorable to its spirit, adopted them: but what happened next was what happens always: the causes became extinct, the effects were preserved; chivalry vanished, the prejudices it nourished persevered⁶⁷. This ancient veneration⁶⁸ accorded for no sound reason could not itself be annihilated⁶⁹ when what founded the illusion had dissipated: we no longer stand in awe⁷⁰ of witches, but we reverence⁷¹ whores and, what is worse, we continue to kill each other for them. May such platitudes⁷² cease to influence these our philosophers' minds, and restoring women to their true position, may the intelligent spirit conceive them, as Nature indicates, as the wisest peoples acknowledge, to be nothing but individuals created for their pleasures, submitted to their caprices, objects whose frailty⁷³ and wickedness make them deserving of naught⁷⁴ but contempt.#p#分页标题#e#

 

"But not only, Therese, did all the peoples of the earth enjoy the most extensive rights over their women, there were even to be found certain races which condemned women to death immediately they were born into the world, and of their numbers retained only those few necessary to the race's reproduction. The Arabs known as Koreish interred⁷⁵ their daughters at the age of seven upon a mountain near Mecca, because, said they, so vile a sex appeared to them unworthy of seeing the light; in the seraglio of the King of Achem, the most appalling⁷⁶ tortures are applied⁷⁷ as punishment for the mere²¹ suspicion of infidelity, for the slightest disobedience in the service of the prince's lusts⁷⁸, or as soon as his women inspire his distaste; upon the banks of the River Ganges they are obliged to immolate⁷⁹ themselves over their husbands' ashes, for they are esteemed⁸⁰ of no further purpose in the world once their lords are able to enjoy them no more; in other regions they are hunted like wild beasts, 'tis an honor to kill a quantity of them; in Egypt they are sacrificed to the Gods; they are trampled⁸¹ under foot in Formosa if they become pregnant; German law condemned the man who killed a foreign woman to pay a fine of about ten crowns, nothing at all if the woman was his own or a courtesan; everywhere, to be brief, everywhere, I repeat, I see women humiliated, molested⁸², everywhere sacrificed to the superstition⁸³ of priests, to the savagery⁸⁴ of husbands, to the playfulness of libertines⁸⁵. And because I have the misfortune to live amidst a people still so uncouth⁸⁶ as not to dare abolish the most ludicrous of prejudices, I should deprive myself of the rights Nature has granted me! I should forgo⁸⁷ all the pleasures to which these privileges give birth... Come, come, Therese, that's not just, no, 'tis unfair: I will conceal⁸⁸ my behavior because I must, but I will be compensated⁸⁹, in the retreat where I have exiled myself, and silently, for the absurd chains to which I am condemned by legislation, and here I will treat my wife as I like, for I find my right to do so lettered in all the universe's codes, graved in my heart, and sealed in Nature."

 

"Oh Monsieur," said I, "your conversion⁹⁰ is impossible."

 

"And I advise you not to attempt it, Therese," Gernande answered; "the tree is too long out of the nursery; at my age one can advance a few steps in the career of evil, but not one toward good. My principles and my tastes have brought me joy since childhood, they have always been the unique bases of my conduct and actions: I will, who knows? go further, I have the feeling it could be done, but return? never; I have too great a horror for mankind's prejudices, I too sincerely hate their civilization, their virtue⁹¹ and their Gods ever to sacrifice my penchants to them." From this moment I saw very clearly that nothing remained for me, in order either to extricate⁹² myself from this house or to save the Countess, but the employment of strategems and joint⁹³ action with her.

 

During the year I had spent in the house, what I had allowed her to read in my heart was more than sufficient to dispel⁹⁴ any doubts she might have of my desire to serve her, and now she could not fail to divine what had at first prompted me to act differently. I became less guarded, then spoke⁹⁵; she assented⁹⁶; we settled upon a plan: it was to inform her mother, to expose the Count's infamies⁹⁷ to her eyes. Madame de Gernande was certain that unfortunate lady would hasten with all expedition to sever¹⁵ her daughter's bonds; but how were we to approach her? for we were so securely imprisoned, so closely watched! Accustomed to coping with ramparts, I gauged⁹⁸ those upon which the terrace was raised: their height was scarcely thirty feet; there was no other enclosure in sight; once at the foot of the wall I thought one would find oneself already on the road through the forest; but the Countess, having been brought to this apartment at night and never having left it since, was unable to confirm my ideas. I agreed to attempt the descent; the letter Madame de Gernande wrote to her mother could not have been better phrased to melt and persuade her to come to the rescue of her most unhappy daughter; I slipped the letter into my bosom⁹⁹, I embraced that dear and attractive woman, then, as soon as night had fallen, aided by our bed linen¹⁰⁰, I slid to the ground outside the fortress¹⁰¹. What had become of me, O Heaven? I discovered that instead of being outside the enclosure I was simply in a park, and in a park girt by walls which the quantity and dense¹⁰² foliage¹⁰³ of trees had camouflaged¹⁰⁴ from sight: these battlements were more than forty feet high, all of them garnished¹⁰⁵ at the top with broken glass, and of a prodigious¹⁰⁶ thickness... what was to become of me? Dawn was not far off: what would they think when I was found in a place into which I could not have come without a certain plan of escape? Would I be able to keep the Count's fury at bay? Was it not very likely that ogre would drink my blood to punish such an offense¹⁰⁷? To return was out of the question, the Countess had drawn¹⁰⁸ back the sheets; to knock at the door would be still more certainly to betray myself; a little more and I would have lost my head altogether and ceded¹⁰⁹ to the violent effects of my despair. Had I been able to recognize some pity in the Count's soul, I might perhaps have been lulled¹¹⁰ into hopefulness, but a tyrant, a barbarian¹¹¹, a man who detested¹¹² women and who, he said, had long been seeking the occasion to immolate one by draining away her blood drop by drop in order to find out how many hours she would be able to last... No doubt about it, he was going to put me to the test. Knowing not what would happen or what to do, discovering dangers everywhere, I threw myself down beside a tree, determined¹¹³ to await my fate and silently resigning myself to the Eternal's will.... The sun rose at last; merciful Heaven! the first object to present itself to me... is the Count himself: it had been frightfully warm during the night, he had stepped out to take a breath of air. He believes he is in error, he supposes this a specter, he recoils¹¹⁴, rarely is courage a traitor's virtue: I get trembling to my feet, I fling myself at his knees.#p#分页标题#e#

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