中考英语总复习--形容词副词用法专题精讲-2
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
Ⅲ、形容词,副词的比较级、最高级

  一、规则变化

  1.一般在词尾直接加er或est,例如,tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest

  2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st,例如,nice-nicer-nicest

  3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词,把y变为i,再加er或est,例如,heavy-heavier-heaviest

  4.重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est,例如,big-bigger-biggest

  5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级,例如,slowly1-more slowly-most slowly;beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful

 二、不规则变化

 下列单、双音节词只能加more和most.


  Ⅳ形容词,副词

  等级的用法

  一、原级的用法

  1.只能修饰原级的词,very,quite,so,too

  例如,He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。

  My brother runs so fast that I can‘t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。

  2.原级常用的句型结构

  (1)“甲+be+(倍数)+as2+形容词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”

  例如,Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。

  Tom is twice3 as old as Kate.汤姆的年龄是凯特的二倍。

  “甲+实意动词+(倍数)+as+副词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”

  例如,Tom runs as fast as Mike.汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。

  Tom runs twice as fast as Mike.汤姆跑得速度是迈克的二倍。

  (2)“甲+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙…

  例如,This room is not as/so big as that one. 这个房间不如那个大。

  “甲+助动词+not+动词原形+as/so+副词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙…

  例如,He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.他走路不像你那样慢。

  二、比较级的用法

  1.可以修饰比较级的词,much,a lot,far,…的多a little,a bit,…一点儿

  even甚至,still仍然

  例如,Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多。

  Tom looks even4 younger5 than before.汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。

  This train runs much faster than that one.这辆火车比那辆跑地快。

  She drives still more carefully6 than her husband7.她开车仍然比她丈夫还认真。

  2.比较级常用的句型结构

  (1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”

  例如,Tom is taller than Kate.汤姆比凯特高。

  This room is three times bigger than that one.这个房间比那个大三倍。

  “甲+实意动词+(倍数)+副词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”

  例如,I got8 up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。

  He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。

  (2)“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……”,含义是“甲最……”。

  例如,The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.

  =The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.长江比中国的任何一条其他的河都长。

  =The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.长江比中国的其他所有的河都长。

  =The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.长江是中国最长的河流。

  注意:The Yangtze Riveris longer than any river in Japan.长江比日本的任何一条河都长。

  “甲+实意动词+副词比较级+than+anyother+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……”,含义是“甲最……”。

  例如,Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.

  = Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上任何一个其他的同学到校都早。

  = Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上其他的同学到校都早。

  = Mike gets to school earliest in his class.迈克在他们班到校最早。

  注意:Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Tom’s class.迈克比汤姆班上任何一个学生到校都早。(迈克和汤姆不是同一个班)

  (3)“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+ofthetwo+……”表示“甲是两者中较……的”。

  例如,Look at the two boys.My brother is the taller of the two.看那两个男孩,我弟弟是两个当中较高的那个。

  (4)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。

  例如,He is getting taller and taller.他变得越来越高了。

  The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。

  He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作业越来越认真了。

  (5)“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。

  例如,The more careful you are,the fewer9 mistakes10 you’ll make.你越认真,犯的错误越少。

  (6)“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级,甲or乙?”

  例如,Which is bigger,the earth11 or the moon?哪一个大,地球还是月球?

  “特殊疑问词+实意动词+副词比较级,甲or乙?”

  例如,Who draws better,Jenny or Danny?谁画得比较好,詹妮还是丹尼?

  3.最高级常用句型结构

  (1)“主语+be+the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……的”。

  例如,Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。

  This apple is the biggest of the five.这个苹果是五个当中最大的。

  “主语+实意动词+(the)+副词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……的”。

  例如,I jump (the) farthest12 in my class.我是我们班跳得最远的。

  (2)“主语+be+oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……之一”。

  例如,Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中国最大城市之一。

  (3)“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲,乙,or丙?”用于三者以上的比较。

  例如,Which country is the largest,China,Brazil or Canada?哪一个国家最大,中国,巴西还是加拿大?

  “特殊疑问词+be+the+副词最高级+甲,乙,or丙?”用于三者以上的比较

  例如,Which season do you like (the) best,spring,summer or autumn?你最喜欢哪一个季节,春天,夏天还是秋天?

 



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 slowly Qx4wE     
adv.慢地,缓慢地
参考例句:
  • Speak more slowly,please.请说慢一点。
  • Do it slowly and carefully.要慢慢仔细地做。
2 as pNiyL     
conj.按照;如同
参考例句:
  • He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
  • In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里,这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。
3 twice ClIwt     
adv.两次;两倍
参考例句:
  • Bob phoned twice today.鲍勃今天打了两次电话。
  • I woke up twice in the night.我夜里醒过两次。
4 even EiUzR     
adj.平坦的,偶数的,相等的;adv.甚至,恰好,正当
参考例句:
  • It was cold yesterday,but it's even colder today. 昨天冷,今天更冷了。
  • He's the best teacher even though he has the least experience.尽管他经验最少,但教得最好。
5 younger xfnwQ     
adj.年轻的;n.年纪较小的人
参考例句:
  • My younger brother hides behind the door. 我弟弟躲在门后。
  • She is older than me but my other sisters are younger. 她比我大,其余都是我妹妹。
6 carefully FTDyE     
adv.仔细地;小心地
参考例句:
  • If you watch carefully you will see how to do it. 如果你仔细观察,你就会看出如何做此事了。
  • Now listen carefully everybody.请大家仔细地听。
7 husband LbBxv     
n.丈夫
参考例句:
  • My husband just lost his job.我老公刚刚失业了。
  • I visited my daughter and her husband.我去看望我的女儿和女婿。
8 got wfuxi     
v.(get的过去式)得到,猜到,明白
参考例句:
  • I just got some bad news.我刚得到一些坏消息。
  • I have got far too much work to do.我要做的事太多了。
9 fewer dtkzQ0     
int.较少数;adj.较少的
参考例句:
  • We need more apples and fewer oranges.我们需要多些苹果,少些橘子。
  • Now I meet with fewer difficulties in my work.现在我工作中困难少些了。
10 mistakes da8b7b425f27e56f235ef62a4b5aed51     
n.错误( mistake的名词复数 );过失;误解;(用词或数字上的)错误v.弄错,误解( mistake的第三人称单数 );认不出;误会;看错
参考例句:
  • In her haste to complete the work on time, she made a number of mistakes. 她急急忙忙想按时完工,结果出了不少错。
  • Be humble enough to learn from your mistakes. 要虚心地从自己的错误中学习。
11 earth ar7xL     
n.陆地;大地;地球
参考例句:
  • The earth moves round the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
  • Spring returns to the earth.大地回春。
12 farthest HtUzIa     
adj.最远的,最久的;adv.最远,(far的最高级)
参考例句:
  • The town is five miles away at the farthest.那个镇至多不过五英里。
  • Of all the students,I ran farthest.在所有学生中,我跑得最远。
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