备战中考总动员之英语考点拾遗(十二)
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

  考点拾遗之十二 助动词
  1.助动词be的用法

  (1)与现在分词构成进行时态

  He is singing.

  他在唱歌。

  They were having a meeting1 at ten yesterday morning.

  他们昨天上午十点正在开会。

  (2)与过去分词构成被动语态

  This kind of car is made2 in Beijing.

  这种汽车是北京制造的。

  Were the kids3 taken good care4 of?

  孩子们被照顾好了吗?

  He is being5 carried.

  他正被抬着。

  (3)“be +不定式”表示未来的计划或安排,还可表示命令或约定。

  The train is to leave at ten.

  火车10点钟开。

  You are to explain6 this.

  对此你要做出解释。

  2.助动词have 的基本用法

  (1)与过去分词构成完成时态

  I have finished7 my homework.

  我已经完成我的作业了。

  The train had8 left before he got9 to the station.

  在他到达车站之前火车已经开走了。

  (2)与“been + 现在分词”构成完成进行时态

  It has been raining the whole10 morning.

  整个上午都在下雨。 

  (3)与“been +过去分词”构成完成时态的被动语态

  The story has been told in China for many years.

  这个故事在中国已经流传多年了。

  3.助动词do 的基本用法

  (1)在一般现在时和一般过去时中构成疑问式及其回答。

  Do you usually go to school on foot? Yes, I do.

  你通常步行上学吗?是的。

  What did11 he do yesterday ?

  他昨天干什么了?

  (2)在一般现在时和一般过去时中构成否定式。

  He doesn't like playing football.

  他不喜欢踢足球。

  They didn't come here this morning.

  他们今天上午没有来这儿。

  (3)在肯定句的谓语动词前表示强调。

  Do come here tomorrow.

  明天务必要来这。

  Do be quiet! 请安静!

  (4)在so, neither12, nor13开头的句子中构成倒装句。

  He didn't go to the party. Neither did I.

  他没有去参加晚会,我也没去。

  She likes pop14 music. So do I .

  她喜欢音乐,我也是。

  说明:其他助动词也可以和do 一样构成倒装句:

  My mother will come. So will I.

  我妈妈要来。我也要来。

  4.助动词shall (should) 和will (would16) 的基本用法

  (1)will 和shall 作为助动词可以和动词原形一起构成将来时态。shall15 只用于第一人称,而will 用于第一、二、三人称。

  I shall go home .

  我要回家了。

  Will they have anything to do this evening?

  他们今晚有事吗?

  (2)should 和would分别是shall和will 的过去式,通常用来构成过去将来时。should只用于第一人称,would用于第一、二、三人称 。

  I telephoned him yesterday to ask what I should do the next day.

  我昨天打电话问他我第二天该做什么。

  She said17 she would come .

  她说她将会来。

  特别提示:

  几乎所有的助动词都可用于反意疑问句的附加问句中。

  You often write to her, don't you?

  你经常写信给她,是吗?

  He is a teacher, isn't he ?

  他是一个老师,是吗?

  They have been to Hainan, haven't they ?

  他们去过海南,是吗?

  Let's go home,shall we ?

  让我们回家吧,好吗?

 



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1 meeting MowzDB     
n.会议;集会
参考例句:
  • Will you be at the meeting?你会来开会吗?
  • We would like to hold the meeting at an early date.我们希望早日举行这次会议。
2 made hAgx2     
v.make的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • They were not made in china.它们不是中国制造的。
  • The monkey made a long arm for the peach.猴子伸臂去摘桃子。
3 kids d2466bd5a5facbe64c9e405e2bfd42df     
n.小孩( kid的名词复数 );年轻人;小山羊;小山羊皮
参考例句:
  • My funny drawings amused the kids. 我的滑稽图画把孩子们逗乐了。
  • The neighbours' kids are the bane of my life . 街坊邻居的孩子让我生活得很不安宁。
4 care FTYyC     
n.小心,照料,忧虑;v.关心,照顾,喜爱,介意
参考例句:
  • I really care about the students in my class.我的确喜欢这个班上的学生。
  • Her work is to take care of the children.她的工作是照料好孩子。
5 being 1yfzKt     
n.存在;生存;生命存在,生命,人, 本质;art.在,有,是
参考例句:
  • Can you explain to me the purpose of being?你能对我解释一下存在的目的吗?
  • What is the purpose of our being?我们生存的目的是什么?
6 explain 5m1xB     
vt.解释,说明;vi. 解释,说明,辩解
参考例句:
  • She knows how to explain it.她知道怎么解释它。
  • Could you explain that again?您能再解释一遍吗?
7 finished otFzWn     
adj.完成的,精湛的;v.动词finish的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • We finished up everything there was on the table. 我们把桌上的东西全吃完了。
  • We can certainly have the job finished on time.我们肯定能按时完成任务。
8 had FeBxb     
vbl.have的过去式和过去分词;conj.有
参考例句:
  • I just had a good idea!我有个好主意!
  • The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。
9 got wfuxi     
v.(get的过去式)得到,猜到,明白
参考例句:
  • I just got some bad news.我刚得到一些坏消息。
  • I have got far too much work to do.我要做的事太多了。
10 whole QgkwK     
adj.整整的;全部的;完整的
参考例句:
  • It snowed for two whole days.雪下了整整两天。
  • The whole village was sleeping.整个村庄一片寂静。
11 did SvwxP     
v.动词do的过去式
参考例句:
  • How many goals did you score in the last game?上一场比赛你们进了几个球?
  • Why did you choose basketball in the first place?你为何首先选择篮球呢?
12 neither nRTzG     
adj.皆不,两不;int.两者都不;conj.既非,既不
参考例句:
  • I don't know that neither.那个我也不知道。
  • He doesn't smoke neither does he drink.他既不抽烟也不喝酒。
13 nor 0Hixj     
conj./adv.也不,也没有
参考例句:
  • It is neither hot nor cold in winter here.这里冬天既不热也不冷。
  • She can't get there at four,nor can I.她不能在四点钟到那里,我也不能。
14 pop dOuxT     
n.取出,砰然声,流行乐曲;adj.流行的,热门的,通俗的;v.取出,发出爆裂声,突然伸出
参考例句:
  • She is a lead singer in a pop group.她是流行歌曲演唱团体的最重要的歌手。
  • I know nothing about pop music.我对流行音乐一无所知。
15 shall lzFwQ     
v.aux.(主要用于第一人称)将
参考例句:
  • I shall always love you.我将永远爱你。
  • Which club shall we join?我们要参加哪个社团?
16 would 8fPwB     
aux.will的过去式;愿,要;常常;大概;将要,会
参考例句:
  • Why would you say that?为什么你会这么说?
  • Would you please help me?你能帮帮我吗?
17 said IYtxh     
v.动词say的过去式、过去分词
参考例句:
  • He said to me that he could not come.他对我说他不能来。
  • He said to his mother that he would do it by himself.他对他的母亲说他将自己独立做那件事。
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