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A主语 只能用who。注意逗号: My neighbour,who is very pessimistic,says there will be no apples this year. 我的邻居极为悲观,他说今年苹果将不会有收成。 Peter,who had been driving all day,suggested stopping at the next town. 彼得开了整整一天车,他建议在下一个城镇停留。 这一类紧接在句子的主语之后的从句主要见于书面英语。在 口语里常常这么说: My neighbour is very pessimistic and says… 我的邻居很悲观,并说…… Peter had been driving all day,so/and he suggested… 彼得开了整整一天车,因此他建议…… 但位于句中较后部分的从句,即在主要动词的宾语之后的从句,在口语中是相当普遍的: I’ve invited Ann,who lives in the next flat. 我已经邀请了安,她就住在隔壁的套房里。 从句跟在介词+名词之后也较为普遍: I passed the letter to Peter,who was sitting beside me. 我把信递给了彼得,他就坐在我旁边。 B动词的宾语 用whom,who。 这类宾格代词在句中不能省略。尽管有时在日常口语中用 who作宾格关系代词,但正确的形式应是whom: Peter,whom everyone suspected,turned out to be innocent. 彼得,大家都怀疑他,结果证明是无罪的。 如上所示,在这个位置的非限定性关系从句在口语中是不常用的。通常很可能这么说: Everyone suspected Peter,but he turned out to be innocent. 大家都怀疑彼得,但结果证明他是无罪的。 但在口语中常见到非限定性关系从句出现在句中较后的位置,即在主要动词的宾语之后或介词+名词之后: She wanted Tom,whom she liked,as a partner;but she got Jack,whom she didn’t like. 她想要她所喜欢的汤姆作为伴侣,可是却得到了她所不喜欢的杰克。 She introduced me to her husband,whom I hadn’t met before. 她把我介绍给她丈夫,我以前没见过他。 C 介词的宾语 用whom。 这个代词在句中不能省略,介词常常位于它之前: Mr Jones,for whom I was working,was very generous about overtime1 payments. 琼斯先生,我当时给干活的那位,常是很慷慨地付给加班加点的报酬。 然而把介词移到从句之后也是可以的。这在口语中是非常普 遍的,此时who往往取代whom: Mr Jones,who/whom I was working for,… 如果从句中含有一个表示时间或地点的短语,该短语要留在 从句之末: Peter,with whom I played tennis on Sundays,was fitter than me. 彼得,星期天我常跟打网球的那位,身体比我健康。 这个句子可改为: Peter,who/whom I played tennis with on Sundays,was fitter than me. D 所有格 用 whose。 Ann,whose children are at school all day,is trying to get a job. 安的孩子们整天都在学校,所以她在想办法找份工作。 This is George,whose class you will be taking 这一位是乔治,你就要接他的课。 在口语中,很可能这么说: Ann’s children are at school all day,so she… This is George.You will be taking his class. 点击收听单词发音
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