牛津实用英语语法 297 would rather/sooner和prefer/would prefe
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would rather和would sooner之间没有区别,但经常听到的是would rather。 A would rather/sooner的主语与后面的动作的主语相同时,would rather/sooner之后常常接不带to的不定式: Tom would rather read than talk. 汤姆宁可读书而不愿谈天。 1 would rather/sooner+ 不带to的不定式可用来表示现在的动作,以代替prefer+ 动名词: Tom prefers reading to talking. 汤姆喜欢读书而不喜欢谈天。 注意:would rather后跟不带to的不定式+than+不带 to的不定式,而prefer后跟动名词+to+动名词。 prefer后面也可跟名词,而在would rather之后要求只带动词原形: He prefers wine to beer.相当于: He would rather drink wine than beer. 他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。 I prefer tennis to golf.相当于: I’d rather play tennis than golf. 我喜欢打网球而不喜欢打高尔夫球。 某些 prefer+ 名词的情况不能用 would rather完全确切地表达出来:He prefers dogs to cats(他喜欢狗而不喜欢猫)和 Hewould rather have dogs than cats(他宁可养狗而不愿养猫)意思并不完全相同。 2 would rather+ 不带 to的不定式不能表示过去的偏爱。所以与 Tom would rather read than talk相当的过去形式为 Tompreferred reading to talking/liked reading better than talking。(参见下面4。) 3 would rather+ 不带to的不定式可代替 would prefer+带 to的不定式: I’d rather fly than go by sea./I’d prefer to fly. 我宁愿乘飞机也不愿乘船。 注意:用would prefer时,只提到你愿意做的这件事,而不提另外一件你不愿做的事,如上所述。因此,如想把愿意和不愿意的两个动作都提到,则要用would rather。 这两个结构后面带名词时情况也一样: —Would you like some gin? —I’d prefer a coffee./I’d rather have coffee than gin. —您想喝点杜松子酒吗? —我想喝点咖啡。/我想喝点咖啡,不想喝杜松子酒。 4 would rather/sooner和would prefer后面都可跟完成式,但后者带to: We went by sea but I’d rather have gone by air/I’d prefer to have goneby air. 我们是乘船去的,可我本想乘飞机去。(我愿意乘飞机去,可我的愿望未能实现。) 这和 would like+ 不定式的完成式有点相似,would like+带to 的不定式的完成式也表示未能实现的愿望。(参见第296节D。) B 如句子的两个主语不相同,可用主语+ would rather/sooner后面跟主语+ 过去时(虚拟语气)结构: —Shall I give you a cheque? —I’d rather you paid cash. —我付给您支票行吗? —我想您最好付现金。 注意:用would rather+主语+didn’t表示带否定意义的偏爱: —Would you like him to paint it? —No,I’d rather he didn’t(paint it). —您想让他给它上油漆吗? —不,我希望他不要这么做。 Ann wants to tell Tom,but I’d rather she didn’t(tell him). 安想告诉汤姆,但我不想让她告诉他。 然而,prefer与like相同,后面都跟宾语+ 带to的不定式: I’d prefer you to pay cash. 我想你最好付现金。 I’d prefer him not to paint it. 我不想让他给它上油漆。 I’d prefer her not to tell Tom. 我不想让她告诉汤姆。

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