魔法英语语法手册(初中版) 第二章第二章代词三、指示代词_语法学习技巧

魔法英语语法手册(初中版) 第二章第二章代词三、指示代词

文章来源：文章作者：发布时间：2008-03-26 05:42 字体： [大中小]　进入论坛

(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

    表示“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”等指代概念的代词叫指示代词。
    指示代词有this, that, these, those等。this(复数形式是these)指时间或空间上较近的人或物；that(复数形式是those)指时间或空间上较远的人或物。?
     1.?指示代词的基本用法?
    指示代词在句子中可用作主语、表语、宾语或定语。?
    1）.作主语?
    This is a robot. 这是一个机器人。?
    That is an old computer. 那是一台旧电脑。?
    These are our new books. 这些是我们的新书。?
    Those are yellow taxies. 那些是黄色的出租车。?
    2）.作表语?
    What the girl wants is that. 那就是那个女孩想要的。?
    The pen he is looking for is this.?这就是他正在找的钢笔。?
    What the boys want to buy are those.?男孩子们想买的就是这些。?
    What I'd like to choose are these.?我想选的就是这些。?
    3）.作宾语?
    If you do that, you'll succeed¹.?如果你那样做，你将会成功。?
    Don't do this, it's bad for your eyes.?别这样做，它对你的眼睛有害。?
    I like those, because they are helpful².?我喜欢那些，因为它们有益。?
    Eat these. They taste delicious⁴.?吃这些吧。它们味道鲜美。?
    4）.作定语?
    This room is Lucy and Lily's.?这个房间是露茜和莉莉的。?
    That banana is green. 那个香蕉是绿色的。?
    These children are watching a match. ?这些孩子们正在观看比赛。?
    Those songs are for old people.?那些歌是为老年人写的。?
     2.?指示代词的特殊用法?
    1）.this和that在对话中常用it来代替；these和those则常用they或them来替代。例如：?
    —What's this? 这是什么？?
    —It's a Japanse car. 一辆日本轿车。?
    —What are those? 那些是什么？?
    —They are boats. 小船。?
    These are our tools⁵. Please put them away.?
    这些是我们的工具。请把它们收好。?
    The weather in the north is colder than that of the south in winter.
    冬季北方的气候比南方的冷。?
    2）.that和those代替前面提到过的名词，但this和these不行。例如：?
    The population⁶ of China is larger than this of Canada.(误)?
    The population of China is larger than that of Canada.(正)?
    The computers made⁷ in China are as³ good as these made in Japan.(误)?
    The computers made in China are as good as those made in Japan. (正)?
    3）.this和that有时可以当副词用，表示程度，相当于so。例如：?
    The young man can't speak that well.?那个年轻人说不那么好。?
    I can also play games this wonderfully.?我也能够做游戏做得这么精彩。?
    4）.that或those可以代替前面句子或句子中的某一部分。例如：?
    You are late again. That's terrible⁹. 你又迟到了，那太可怕了。（that作主语代替前面的整个句子）?
    You mean you don't have enough money. That 's a big problem¹⁰.你的意思是说你的钱不够。那是个大问题。（that代替前面的you don't have enough money）?
    5）.this和these常指后面要讲到的事物，有启下的作用。例如：?
    What I want to tell you is this:You have won⁸ the relay¹¹ race. 我想告诉你的是这么一件事：你们接力赛赢了。（this指代下面一整句话）

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1 succeed
vt.成功，继承，继续；vi.接替，有作为
参考例句：
It was a good try but it didn't succeed.这是一个很好的尝试，但没有成功。 If he has no children, who will succeed?如果他没有孩子，谁将继位？

2 helpful
adj.有帮助的，有用的，
参考例句：
Computers are very useful and helpful.电脑非常有用，也有益。 I try to be very helpful.我尽量使自己有助于人。

3 as
conj.按照；如同
参考例句：
He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。 In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里，这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。

4 delicious
adj.美味的，可口的
参考例句：
The apples are big and delicious.苹果又大又好吃。 The beer tastes very delicious.这啤酒尝起来很可口。

5 tools
n.工具( tool的名词复数 )；（有助于做工或完成某事的）用具；受人利用的人
参考例句：
Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people. 这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。 The local people bartered wheat for tools. 当地人用小麦换取工具。

6 population
n.人口，人数
参考例句：
What is the population of london?伦敦的人口是多少？ China has a huge population.中国有众多的人口。

7 made
v.make的过去式和过去分词
参考例句：
They were not made in china.它们不是中国制造的。 The monkey made a long arm for the peach.猴子伸臂去摘桃子。

8 won
vt.赢得(为win的过去式)
参考例句：
We won the game in the end.我们最终赢得了比赛。 We won the football game.我们赢得了足球赛的胜利。

9 terrible
adj.可怕的，糟糕的，极其的
参考例句：
I think you've made a terrible mistake.我认为你犯了一个严重的错误。 This is a terrible idea.这是一个可怕的想法。

10 problem
n.问题；难题
参考例句：
The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。 This problem is too hard for me to solve.这个问题太难，我解决不了。

11 relay
n.接力赛，中继转播（设备）；vt.转述，转播
参考例句：
They will relay your message.他们会转达你的口信。 This metal tower is used to relay television signals to distant villages.这个金属塔是用于向遥远的村子转播电视讯号的。

上一篇：魔法英语语法手册(初中版) 第二章代词二、物主代词下一篇：魔法英语语法手册(初中版) 第二章代词四、相互代词与反身代词