who，whom，whose和that作为定语从句的引导词，称为关系代词。我们现在来看一下先行词指人时，这四个关系代词的使用问题。下面用句子合并的方法来分析。

一、定语从句用who或that做引导词，在从句中做主语。

请分析下面两个简单句：句①The boy is called Jack¹.句②He broke² the window.

把句②变为句①的定语从句，句①中的the boy做定语从句的先行词。在句②中he指句①中提到的the boy也就是定语从句的先行词，he在句中做主语，因此要用who和that引导定语从句，代替句②中的he，也就是说he就不能出现在定语从句中了。由此得到句③The boy who broke the window is called Jack.

注意：一般情况下定语从句要紧挨先行词。

请把下面每组的两句话合并为一句。

The person³ must pay⁴ for it./He lost the library book.

→The person who lost the library book must pay for it.

The boy is very clever./He is wearing the black jacket.

→The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.

二、定语从句用who，whom或that做引导词，在从句中做宾语。因为是做宾语，所以这些引导词可以省略。

请分析下面两个简单句：句①Do you know the young man？句②We met him at the gate.

把句②变为句①的定语从句，句①中的the young man做定语从句的先行词。在句②中him指句①中提到的the young man也就是定语从句的先行词，him在句中做宾语，因此要用whom，that或who引导定语从句，代替句②中的him，也就是说him就不能出现在定语从句中了。由此得到句③Do you know the young man who/that/whom we met at the gate？(who/that/whom可以省略，句子可以写作：Do you know the young man we met at the gate？)

请把下面每组的两句话合并为一句。

Mr.Lee has come./You want to see him.

→Mr.Lee who/whom/that you want to see has come.

This is the girl.

He worked with her in the office./→This is the girl whom/that/who he worked with in the office.

三、定语从句用whose做引导词，在从句中作定语表示“某些人的…”。

请分析下面两个简单句：句①The girl is staying at home today.句②Her mother is ill.

把句②变为句①的定语从句，句①中的the girl做定语从句的先行词。在句②中her指句①中提到的the girl也就是定语从句的先行词，her在句中做定语，因此要用whose引导定语从句，代替句②中的her，也就是说her就不能出现在定语从句中了。由此得到句③The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.

请把下面每组的两句话合并为一句。

The boy is called LiLei./His parents were dead⁵ in the flood⁶.

→The boy whose parents were dead is called LiLei

Mr.Wang is the policeman./His house caught fire last Sunday.

→Mr.Wang is the policeman whose house caught fire last Sunday.

巩固练习：

一、用定语从句把下面两句话合并为一句。

1.Let's ask the man .He is reading⁷ the book over there.

2.The girl is Peter's sister.We saw⁸ her yesterday.

3.This is Uncle Li.He mended⁹ computers for us.

4.I know the young man.You mean him.

5.I know the boy.His father is a scientist¹⁰.

二、单项选择

1.Have you seen¹¹ the man _____ car was¹² stolen¹³ just now？

A.its  B.it's  C.whose  D.which

2.On the bus I saw a student ____ I thought¹⁴ was your brother.

A.who  B.whom  C.which  D.whoever¹⁵

3.The foreigner¹⁶ ___ visited our school yesterday is from Canada.

A.that  B.which  C.whom  D./

4.Here is the man ____ you are looking for.

A.which  B.whom  C.what  D.where

答案：

一、

1.Let's ask the man who/that is reading the book over there.

2.The girl that/whom/who we saw yesterday is Peter's sister.

3.This is UncleLi who/that mended computers for us.

4.I know the young man whom/that/who you mean.

5.I know the boy whose father is a scientist.

二、1-4 C A A B

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