That obviously was not the case in the Deepwater Horizon rig（钻探设备） , and I want to know why.  The American people deserve to know why.  The families I met with last week who lost their loved ones in the explosion -- these families deserve to know why.  And so I’ve established a National Commission to understand the causes of this disaster and offer recommendations on what additional safety and environmental standards we need to put in place.  Already, I’ve issued a six-month moratorium¹（暂停，中止） on deepwater drilling.  I know this creates difficulty for the people who work on these rigs, but for the sake of their safety, and for the sake of the entire region, we need to know the facts before we allow deepwater drilling to continue.  And while I urge the Commission to complete its work as quickly as possible, I expect them to do that work thoroughly² and impartially³（公平地，无私地） .      

One place we’ve already begun to take action is at the agency in charge of regulating drilling and issuing permits, known as the Minerals Management Service.  Over the last decade, this agency has become emblematic⁴（象征） of a failed philosophy that views all regulation with hostility⁵ -- a philosophy that says corporations should be allowed to play by their own rules and police themselves.  At this agency, industry insiders（内部人员） were put in charge of industry oversight⁶.  Oil companies showered regulators with gifts and favors, and were essentially⁷ allowed to conduct their own safety inspections⁸ and write their own regulations. 

When Ken⁹ Salazar became my Secretary of the Interior, one of his very first acts was to clean up the worst of the corruption¹⁰ at this agency.  But it’s now clear that the problem there ran much deeper, and the pace of reform was just too slow.  And so Secretary Salazar and I are bringing in new leadership at the agency -- Michael Bromwich, who was a tough federal prosecutor¹¹ and Inspector¹² General.  And his charge over the next few months is to build an organization that acts as the oil industry’s watchdog -- not its partner.

So one of the lessons we’ve learned from this spill is that we need better regulations, better safety standards, and better enforcement when it comes to offshore¹³ drilling.  But a larger lesson is that no matter how much we improve our regulation of the industry, drilling for oil these days entails¹⁴ greater risk.  After all, oil is a finite resource（有限资源） .  We consume more than 20 percent of the world’s oil, but have less than 2 percent of the world’s oil reserves.  And that’s part of the reason oil companies are drilling a mile beneath the surface of the ocean -- because we’re running out of places to drill on land and in shallow water.

For decades, we have known the days of cheap and easily accessible oil were numbered.  For decades, we’ve talked and talked about the need to end America’s century-long addiction¹⁵ to fossil fuels.  And for decades, we have failed to act with the sense of urgency that this challenge requires.  Time and again（屡次，常常） , the path forward has been blocked -- not only by oil industry lobbyists, but also by a lack of political courage and candor¹⁶（坦白，直率） . 

The consequences of our inaction（不活动，迟钝） are now in plain sight.  Countries like China are investing in clean energy jobs and industries that should be right here in America.  Each day, we send nearly $1 billion of our wealth to foreign countries for their oil.  And today, as we look to the Gulf¹⁷, we see an entire way of life being threatened by a menacing（险恶的，威胁的） cloud of black crude.

We cannot consign¹⁸ our children to this future.  The tragedy unfolding on our coast is the most painful and powerful reminder¹⁹ yet that the time to embrace a clean energy future is now.  Now is the moment for this generation to embark²⁰ on a national mission to unleash²¹（解开，解除） America’s innovation and seize control of our own destiny.

This is not some distant vision for America.  The transition away from fossil fuels is going to take some time, but over the last year and a half, we’ve already taken unprecedented²² action to jumpstart（安装，引进） the clean energy industry.  As we speak, old factories are reopening to produce wind turbines（风力涡轮机） , people are going back to work installing energy-efficient windows, and small businesses are making solar panels.  Consumers are buying more efficient cars and trucks, and families are making their homes more energy-efficient.  Scientists and researchers are discovering clean energy technologies that someday will lead to entire new industries.

Each of us has a part to play in a new future that will benefit all of us.  As we recover from this recession, the transition to clean energy has the potential to grow our economy and create millions of jobs -– but only if we accelerate that transition.  Only if we seize the moment.  And only if we rally together and act as one nation –- workers and entrepreneurs; scientists and citizens; the public and private sectors²³.  
When I was a candidate for this office, I laid out a set of principles that would move our country towards energy independence.  Last year, the House of Representatives acted on these principles by passing a strong and comprehensive energy and climate bill –- a bill that finally makes clean energy the profitable kind of energy for America’s businesses.

Now, there are costs associated with this transition.  And there are some who believe that we can’t afford those costs right now.  I say we can’t afford not to change how we produce and use energy -– because the long-term costs to our economy, our national security, and our environment are far greater.

So I’m happy to look at other ideas and approaches from either party -– as long they seriously tackle our addiction to fossil fuels.  Some have suggested raising efficiency standards in our buildings like we did in our cars and trucks.  Some believe we should set standards to ensure that more of our electricity comes from wind and solar power.  Others wonder why the energy industry only spends a fraction of what the high-tech²⁴ industry does on research and development -– and want to rapidly boost our investments in such research and development.  

All of these approaches have merit（有点，价值） , and deserve a fair hearing in the months ahead.  But the one approach I will not accept is inaction.  The one answer I will not settle for is the idea that this challenge is somehow too big and too difficult to meet.  You know, the same thing was said about our ability to produce enough planes and tanks in World War II.  The same thing was said about our ability to harness the science and technology to land a man safely on the surface of the moon.  And yet, time and again, we have refused to settle for the paltry²⁵（无价值的） limits of conventional wisdom.  Instead, what has defined us as a nation since our founding is the capacity to shape our destiny -– our determination to fight for the America we want for our children.  Even if we’re unsure exactly what that looks like.  Even if we don’t yet know precisely²⁶ how we’re going to get there.  We know we’ll get there.  

It’s a faith in the future that sustains us as a people.  It is that same faith that sustains our neighbors in the Gulf right now.       

Each year, at the beginning of shrimping season, the region’s fishermen take part in a tradition that was brought to America long ago by fishing immigrants from Europe.  It’s called “The Blessing²⁷ of the Fleet,” and today it’s a celebration where clergy²⁸ from different religions gather to say a prayer for the safety and success of the men and women who will soon head out to sea -– some for weeks at a time. 
The ceremony goes on in good times and in bad.  It took place after Katrina, and it took place a few weeks ago –- at the beginning of the most difficult season these fishermen have ever faced.

And still, they came and they prayed.  For as a priest（牧师，神父） and former fisherman once said of the tradition, “The blessing is not that God has promised to remove all obstacles and dangers.  The blessing is that He is with us always,” a blessing that’s granted “even in the midst of the storm.”

The oil spill is not the last crisis America will face.  This nation has known hard times before and we will surely know them again.  What sees us through -– what has always seen us through –- is our strength, our resilience, and our unyielding faith that something better awaits us if we summon the courage to reach for it.

Tonight, we pray for that courage.  We pray for the people of the Gulf.  And we pray that a hand may guide us through the storm towards a brighter day.  Thank you, God bless you, and may God bless the United States of America.

END