每年圣诞节临近的时候网络上都会热议圣诞驯鹿鲁道夫和他（她）的雪橇朋友们的性别问题。今年，一位专事研究鹿群的教授认为鲁道夫应该是只雌性驯鹿，因为只有雌性动物才会喜欢红色鼻头那样的装束。而另一位专事驯鹿研究项目的专家却从驯鹿的生理发育周期分析，提出驯鹿和他的雪橇朋友们应该都是雄性这一说法。

the original Santa Claus and Rudolph puppets from the TV special 'Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer¹,' are seen on display at the Time and Space Toys booth during the Mid-Ohio-Con comic book convention in Columbus, Ohio.

There may be a perfectly² good reason why Santa doesn't get lost on his annual Christmas globetrot: His flying reindeer just might be female and don't mind stopping for directions.

The gender³ of Rudolph and his or her sleigh-hauling friends — the subject of goofy Internet chatter⁴ every year around this time — is now being pondered by renowned⁵ wildlife experts at Texas A&M University.

"Santa's reindeers were really females, most likely," said Alice Blue-McLendon, a veterinary medicine professor specializing in deer who cites the depictions of Santa's helpers with antlers as the primary evidence. It turns out reindeer grow antlers regardless of gender, and most bulls typically shed their fuzzy protrusions before Christmas.

But Santa's sleigh helpers might also be castrated males, known as steers⁶, said Greg Finstad, who manages the Reindeer Research Program at the University of Alaska Fairbanks.

Young steers finish shedding their antlers in February and March, just as non-expecting females do. Bulls generally lose theirs before Christmas, while expectant mothers retain their antlers until calves⁷ are birthed in the spring. This allows them to protect food resources through harsh weather and to have enough for developing fetuses⁸, he said.

Sledders most often use steers because they maintain their body condition throughout the winter, he said. Bulls are tuckered out from rutting season when they mate with as many as a dozen females in the months leading up to December. That leaves them depleted⁹ and too lean to pull a sleigh or sled through heavy snows, Finstad said.

Many females are pregnant afterrutting season, which lasts from summer and into the fall. That would mean long hours of backbreaking work for an expecting Rudolph, as well as Donner, Blitzen, Cupid, Dasher, Dancer, Prancer¹⁰, Comet and Vixen.

"You don't hook up your pregnant females to a sled," Finstad said. "That is not good animal husbandry."

But other aspects of the Christmas story support the all-girl sleigh team theory, Blue-McLendon said.

For example, would a boy reindeer really sport a shiny red nose that almost glows?

"Females like accessories," said Blue-McLendon, who in 2003 led the school's cloning of a white-tailed deer. "I think that fits because females like bling. We like shiny stuff."

As for the reindeer games, forget the rough antler-smashing stuff. Blue-McLendon suggests a female Rudolph would be more up for "games of wit."

And as for the name, Rudolph could certainly still work.

"Why not?" Blue-McLendon said. "I know women named Charlie."

Vocabulary:

castrated males: 被阉割的雄性动物

rutting season: 发情期