Today's Highlight in History:
On October 30th, 1938, the radio play "The War of the Worlds," starring Orson Welles, aired on CBS. (The live drama, which employed fake news reports, panicked（恐慌，惊恐） some listeners who thought its portrayal¹（描绘，描写） of a Martian invasion was true.)

On this date:
In 1735, the second president of the United States, John Adams, was born in Braintree, Massachusetts.

In 1885, poet Ezra Pound was born in Hailey, Idaho.

In 1944, the Martha Graham ballet "Appalachian Spring," with music by Aaron Copland, premiered（首次公演） at the Library of Congress, with Graham in a leading role.

In 1945, the US government announced the end of shoe rationing²（定量供应）.

In 1961, the Soviet³ Union tested a hydrogen bomb（氢弹） with a force estimated at 58 megatons（百万吨）.

In 1961, the Soviet Party Congress unanimously（全体一致地） approved a resolution（决议） ordering the removal of Josef Stalin's body from Lenin's tomb.

In 1972, 45 people were killed when an Illinois Central Gulf⁴ commuter⁵ train collided with another train in Chicago's South Side.

In 1975, the New York Daily News ran the headline "Ford⁶ to City: Drop Dead" a day after President Ford said he would veto（否决） any proposed federal bailout（救助，跳伞） of New York City.

In 1979, President Carter announced his choice of federal appeals judge Shirley Hufstedler to head the newly created Department of Education.

In 1985, the launch of the space shuttle "Challenger" was witnessed by schoolteacher Christa McAuliffe, who was fated to die when the spacecraft exploded after liftoff the following January.

Ten years ago: The Iraqi News Agency quoted Saddam Hussein as saying Iraq was making final preparations for war, and that he expected an attack by the United States and its allies within days. In the Persian Gulf, ten American sailors died when a steam pipe ruptured⁷（破裂的） aboard the USS "Iwo Jima"; in Saudi Arabia, a Marine⁸ was killed in an accident while driving in the desert.

Five years ago: By a vote of 50.6 percent to 49.4, Federalists prevailed over（胜过，说服） separatists in Quebec in a secession referendum.

One year ago: Fifty-five people were killed in a fire at an illegal bar in Inchon, South Korea.