二、逻辑问题分析论证句式

21. In addition, while it is true that many voters change their minds several times before voting, and that some remain undecided until entering the voting booth, this is not true of everyone.
22. Without knowing the extent and nature of the damage resulting from the bad publicity¹ or the reason for the violation², we cannot accept the author’s conclusion.
23. The author’s proposal is inconsistent with the author’s conclusion about the consequences of adopting an ethics³ code.
24. To begin with, the author fails to consider health threats posed by incinerating trash.
25. The author’s conclusion that switching to incineration would be more salutary for public health would be seriously undermined.

26. However, this is not necessarily the case.
27. The author’s implicit⁴ claim that incinerators are economically advantageous⁵ to landfills is poorly supported.
28. Consequently, unless the author can demonstrate that the city will incur⁶ expenses that are not covered by the increased revenues from these projects, the author’s concern about these issues is unfounded.
29. First of all, while asserting that real incomes are rising, the author provides no evidence to support this assertion.
30. But no evidence is provided to show that this explanation is correct.

31. Moreover, the author fails to consider and rule out other factors that might account for proportional decreases in spending on food.
32. The author ignores other likely benefits of agricultural technology that affect food pieces only indirectly⁷ or not at all.
33. In the first place, a great deal of empirical evidence shows that sequels are often not as profitable as the original movie.
34. However, unless the original cast and production team are involved in making the sequel, there is a good chance it will not be financially successful.
35. Since the difficulties inherent in this process make it hard to predict whether the result will be a success or a failure, the conclusion that the sequel will be profitable is presumptuous⁸（武断的）

36. This assumption overlooks other criteria⁹ for determining a bridge’s importance – such as the number of commuters using the bridge, the role of the bridge in local emergencies and disasters, and the impact that bridge closure would have on the economies of nearby cities.
37. Without such evidence, we cannot accept the author’s conclusion that no government funds should be directed toward maintaining the Styx River bridge.
38. The fact that the nearby city has a weakening economy does not prove that the city will not contribute significantly to tax revenues.
39. Substantiating¹⁰ this assumption requires examining the proper duty of government.
40. Accordingly, this assumption is simply an unproven claim.

41. The author is presenting a false dilemma¹¹ by imposing¹² an either – or choice between two courses of action that need not be mutually exclusive.
42. It is equally possible that legislators can address both areas of concern concurrently¹³.
43. The argument relies on the assumption that the legislators in question（所讨论的）have the opportunity to address urban crime problems.
44. Finally, the author unfairly trivializes the severity of rural crime by simply comparing it with urban crime.
45. It is possible that the sales trend in a particular location is not representative of sales in other regions.

46. However, the author fails to acknowledge and rule out other possible causes of such accidents.
47. A third problem with the argument is that the statistical¹⁴ evidence upon which it relies is too vague to be informative¹⁵.
48. If the subjects for the study were randomly¹⁶ chosen and represent a diverse cross section of the population of shampoo users, the results will be reliable regardless of the number of participants.
49. Experience alone is far from being enough to guarantee minimized processing costs.
50. Given that Olympic Foods does benefit from lowered processing costs due to its years of experience, the prediction about maximum profits is still in lake of solid ground

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