★引子
☆阅读文章分类:
1 按题材分类:从难→易
Humanities(eg文学评论)→Social Science(弱势群体歧视问题:blacks,native,Americans,women)→Natural Science→Life Science
2 写作方法(两种):
ⅠPresentation 有且只有一个观点
ⅡArgument 有多个观点
为什么要区分呢?是为了做主题题,比如若判定文章是Presentation的套路,则选项中出现argument, debate, dispute等等之类的词都可以排除
3文章套路:
新老观点对比型:traditionally, most believe 的是错的,ETS总是maverick
现象解释型:出现phenomenon之类的key words
问题解决型/解答型:
结论解释型(总分结构)
☆阅读原则:逻辑阅读,与托福阅读题做法相反,做GRE阅读时先文后题。理顺逻辑关系!!
三种阅读方法:Scrutinizing, Scanning, Skipping
☆ 阅读的key points
1 强对比(相反≠)unlike, contrast, on the other hands, on the other hand, 时间状语(比如新老观点对比型的文章中)出题举例:已知A≠B,问B=?
2 强转折(△)
although, though, while: 让步即转折。明显转折:yet, but, however
其实转折:in fact, actually, nevertheless, nonetheless, despite, in spite of, rather, instead
极端转折:A△(-A), 以后半句为主
多重转折:△…△…△…△…△…△ 最后一个转折才是关键所在
3 强因果(→)
因果小境界:because, since, for, thus, hence, therefore, conclude, conclusion, consequently, result in/from, lead to, lie in, 冒号分号
因果大境界:⑴attribute, traceable
⑵stimulate, motivate, spur, impetus3
⑶reflection, expansion
4 敏感词(重要暗示词)
最高级:first, never, foremost, uttermost
唯一性:only, sole, uniquely, exclusive, alone
比较级:more…than, less…than…, as….as, the same as, similar to
更极端:peak, pinnacle4, summit, abysmal5, crowning, crest6
5 判断句:给出评论,
四种评论:大正,大负,混和评价(主正,主负)
adj. adv.的引入会给句子添上正负色彩,所以注意这些形容词,副词
例子:His(eloquent/brazen)declamation(convincingly/curiously)shaped our standpoint.
★ 考试题型
=7+2, 2即主观题,态度题
7=4种基本题+3难题
主题题:1 三出现(关键词必须出现,文章中未提到的内容不能出现,细节不能出现)
2 一定要判定出文章的套路(比如如果是现象解释型,就选有phenomenon的,有因果说法的reasons, factors, traceable;是问题解答型,就选有代表问题(predicament, dilemma)和解释(solution, therapy, remedy, recipe)的词;结论解释型,选总分结构的词(general, supportive, illustrate7, systematically8 )……….
态度题:错误选现
1 不留余地的词:completely, total, entire, absolute, un+表示限制意思的动词的过去分词,如uncircumcised, unlimited9, unrestricted
2 中庸的词:indifference, lukewarm, detached, resigned, jocular, light-hearted
3 个人情感的词:怒rage, wrath11, exasperation12, 嘲笑讽刺:mock, deride;还有就是cynical
基本题:1直接事实题(eg.题干中出现明显的因果关系与文中因果相对应)
⑴文字变换(90%) 词汇变换,句型变换
⑵逻辑变换(10%)即逆否变换
2 取非题
⑴直接取非:强对比出题如已知A≠B,问B=?
⑵改善题:虚拟语气+表示改善的说法(improve,比较级)
做法:回文章中找到缺点,做取非
3 举例作用题:in order to(tips:选选项中有illustrate, give an example的)
结论是例子服务的对象,所以在结论中去找答案
4 排除题:文字变换游戏而已