the following appeared in a letter from the mayor of tudor city.

　　"after a major airline chose yorkville as its regional flight hub, the number of businesses in that city almost doubled and local tax revenue increased by 50 percent. in addition, as travel to yorkville became easier, most respondents to a survey of the country's top executives identified yorkville as a desirable place to transact¹ business. to secure efficient transportation for tudor city and stimulate² our local economy, we should build a new airport, like the one in yorkville, that is suitable for a regional flight hub."

　　the following appeared in a memo³ from the president of a company that makes breakfast cereals.

　　"in a recent study, subjects who ate soybeans at least five times per week had significantly lower cholesterol⁴ levels than subjects who ate no soy products. by fortifying⁵ our wheat-o cereal with soy protein, we can increase sales by appealing to additional consumers who are concerned about their health. this new version of wheat-o should increase company profits and, at the same time, improve the health of our customers."

　　the following appeared in a memo from the chief operating officer of the presto⁶ manufacturing company.

　　"since orders for our major product increased by over 200 percent last quarter, we should promptly⁷ expand production by building a new manufacturing plant in summit city. summit city is the ideal location for the new plant because it has low property taxes, extensive blocks of land available for immediate⁸ purchase, and a large number of residents who are not currently employed."

　　the following appeared in a memo from the economic minister of the small country paucia.

　　"using a newly developed variety of seed, farmers in our neighboring country abundia produced 80 percent more rice last year than in any previous year. to increase the income of farmers in our own country, we should encourage them to cultivate this new variety of rice rather than some of their traditional crops. such high yields of rice will also improve our country's balance of trade by enabling us to begin exporting it."

　　the following appeared in a memo from the director of a large group of hospitals.

　　"in a laboratory study of liquid antibacterial hand soaps, a concentrated solution of nadasept killed 40 percent more bacteria than the liquid hand soaps currently used in our hospitals. during a subsequent test of nadasept at our hospital in saluda, that hospital reported significantly fewer cases of patient infection than did any of the other hospitals in our group. therefore, to prevent serious patient infections, we should supply nadasept at all hand washing stations throughout our hospital system."

　　the following appeared in a memo from the manager of television station kick.

　　"a nationwide survey reveals that a sizeable majority of men would like to see additional sports programs on television. after television station wack increased its sports broadcasts, its share of the television audience in its viewing area almost doubled. to gain a larger audience share in our area, and thus increase company profits, kick should also revise its broadcast schedule to include more sports coverage⁹."

　　the following appeared in a magazine focusing on health and fitness.

　　"a recent study of several nutritional¹⁰ supplements showed that subjects who took a daily pill containing luceen had significantly better vision of distant objects than subjects in the study who took other nutritional supplements. luceen appears naturally in a tasty fruit that grows on the island of bonopia, and very few inhabitants of that island wear eyeglasses or other corrective lenses. such evidence suggests that people who develop vision problems should take regular luceen supplements."

　　the following appeared in a memo from a budget planner in sophia county.

　　"census¹¹ data indicate that the number of retired¹² couples without children who are moving into sophia county is steadily¹³ rising; private schools in our county report substantial increases in enrollment¹⁴; and a statewide survey of parents shows that over 10 percent now support the idea of home schooling¹⁵ instead of public schooling funded by the county government. such demographic trends suggest that our county will not have to construct new