GRE作文入门修炼和进阶提高攻略(1)
文章来源: 文章作者: 发布时间:2008-01-16 05:50 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

原则一:“大胆创新,敢于说‘不’”。

这个原则是就思想内容本身而提出的,主要就ISSUE而言。之所以如此,是因为现在的题库中有太多显而易见的明显带有“常识偏见性”的话题,比如下面我们要举例说明的这一题:

33."Creating an appealing image has BECome more important in contemporary society than is the reality or truth behind that image."

我想大部分考生在现场一定会不约而同地对这道题说“DISAGREE”,因为传统的教育和是非观很容易让我们接受这样的一个观点——“人不可貌像,海水不可斗量”。这样,ETS胆敢认为“表面的虚浮外表比实质的东西重要”,充分暴露了它资本主义没落腐朽的罪恶本质和虚伪贪婪的丑恶嘴脸,于是打笔一挥,打他个鼻青脸肿再说。不可否认,这个话题写“否定”符合正常价值观和正常思维,比较容易找到地方下手,但是平常我们在训练准备作文时,应该在遇到这类“难于从反面论证”的题目尽量摈弃这种正常思维,而锻炼自己的“创新思维”,即敢于对自己的“陈规思维”说“不”!大家可以发现,ETS找来的每道话题都是经过严格的筛选和试验的,以保证其客观性和公正性,从而无论你对该话题持什么态度,都不会影响你在现实中的表现,从而每个观点阐述就是一种思维逻辑的“游戏”,ETS不是要看你的思想观点到底出不出格,而是看你将任何一个你所持有的观点论证的天衣无缝。因为在ISSUE中,你完全可以将一个漏洞百出的话题包装成真理,同样也可将真理辩驳成天大的谬误,这没有关系,对于一个特别注重“新思维”开发的美国人来说,创新思维无疑是他们最钟爱的东西,这也就是高分作文的一个捷径——求新求异!我始终相信,只要肯往这方面想,思维的马达很容易就开动起来,通过不断练习,你真的会发现你的一手“铜齿铁牙”已经足以让你在GRE作文的考场上称雄称霸,“满分”是意料中的事。下面我提供两篇范文,第一篇是正常思维论辩,第二篇则是从AGREE的角度来论证,读者可以从中参详一二。

(范文一,反对)

As a prevalent proverb saying " the mentality1 for pulchritude2 is applicable to any one", from the time of primitive3 age, people have started to pick up some natural raw materials, most of which have chromatic4 colors or exotic configurations5, to embellish6 their simple furniture, hunting tools, also the clothes people dress themselves, so on and so forth7. The tradition has been handed down until today, but great difference has been appeared to the major use of decoration for appealing image, instead of the mainstream8 for beauty, it now turns to the recommendation to any other else under the circumstance of covering the real face behind the image, which is actually important than the former creativity.

It is not unfathomable that the ballooning civilization incites9 the residents of our community to behavior more and more graceful10 and decorous, which if reflects onto the side of ordinary life the appearance of a person together with his ornamentation is the predominant embodiment. To show respect to your friends the moment to display your polished civility, you should dress neatly11, and prepare an elaborated wrapped gift to realize the goal mentioned above, thus taking the use of the creation of an appealing image. And the importance in personal relationship and communication is too ponderous12 to be neglected.

However, when we put so much attention on the process of constructing an attractive image, do we ever think about what takes major effect is just the object itself rather than the elaborated appearance? Take the merchandise for instance, the more dazzling the image is, the more the price it is, the difference between a wrapped one and an original one is paid on these seemly futile13 except for some silly placation14 individually. Everything should have a deserved value, which is regarded as the fundamental principle of the market operation, tells us that the price should as near as possible to adhere to the real value of the commodity consumers really intend to have instead of the illicit15 extortion by adopting some alluring16 tricks such as these meretricious17 skins. Hence, from the perspective of vast consumers, who care most is the actual quality of the things they want to purchase, the creation of appealing image aggravates18 the benefits belong to customers, meanwhile gives a disguising shield to help some profiteers to snatch extra bonus originally not merited.

Besides for these side effects it can produce, when applied19 to the mask of human nature, what is more important directly determines the destiny of humanistic mentality. A charismatic man only can rely on his wisdom and disposition20 to appeal others, in that any material things all cannot stand the erosion of time elapsing, while the intrinsic spirit cannot extinguish with the ascendance of ages, only altered with human's own intellectual quality. From the skit21 of "Hypocritical gentleman" we clearly learns that even if how perfect a man dissembles himself and how much approbation22 he at first win over from the public, ultimately falsehood will be penetrated23 and he still can go back nowhere but the initiative himself. Thereby24, the lasting25 attractiveness stems from the unique face veiled under the cover of the superficial mask.

Overall, despite the beautiful appearance always can gamble the first-eyed excellent impression, either for things or for humans, no better ideas to be taken than to consider more about the decorum and quality of itself, only through this can we make out the real value needed for enamor and evaluation26, which teaches us the virtue27 of sticking to truth, the most important things for ever. (577 words)

(范文二,赞成)

I support enthusiastically the idea that in contemporary society "creating an appealing image" is much more important than the reality or truth behind it. What I stick to this preference for is based on large amount of personal experiences and reported statistics.

From the childhood we are encouraged to study industriously28 as to find a well-paid occupation, and to attain29 this hankering, endless sweats and bloods have been exhausted30 from our revere31 parents. When the day finally comes for graduation, we really have been ready to welcome a new life. But, do you ever think of this question, "Are you actually shape yourself as what you intend to be during the long-range learning life?" Obviously, until your first earned single penny arriving at your hands nothing can be illustrated32. Similarly, an elaborate product equipped with most advanced technology after tens of years' research, could be approbated by public, no words might be more convincing if it is enabled to be successfully pushed to the top sales in the commercial market.

Then, the problem is be disinterred from the surface of reality, what is functioning as the major role in the "sale", either the commodity is "yourself" or some "product". A recent survey reported on an official journal reveals that this year almost 50% of the graduates cannot find favorable job, among which more than half of them even have relatively33 wonderful resume and education background. How can they fail to sell themselves out at an ideal price? In the process of survey, the surveyor also surprisingly found that many famous companies would rather like to pick up the interviewers whose image is fashionable and characteristic than those who are deprived of this disposition, in spite of their diplomas are much brilliant than the former ones. The survey does evoke34 my deepest thoughts in my mind.

Why those companies who are famous for their practical strategies have established such standards to choose their recruits? Well, finally, according to my field research, the answer is too obvious to believe. In the employing market, what you can do is to display yourself like a piece of artwork and then wait for your connoisseur35. Then how can you expect your ideal employer will exclaim to you, "I'll take this!, absolutely!" ? Instead of examining your practical capability36 to fit in the particular work of his apartment, which in fact is not qualified37 to the real conditions at that moment, he merely justifies38 your ability through the image appeared in front of him, as the principles tightly held for him that an appealing image is a crucial reflection of the actual substance. Till now, you can easily distinguish the importance of the image, and the reality or truth, before being uncovered under the sun, leave it where it is; it's his destiny. As to the commodity, more facile understanding can be digested in that a taking skin outside the material body is a good propaganda and appealing incentive39 to lure40 people's desire for acquisition.

Hence, it is for quite a simple reason that such appealing image has been becoming more and more momentous41: without it, no matter how perfect the reality or truth behind it, no opportunity can they be rendered as their real value escaping the tragedy criticized as zero, just as the end of the survey report saying, many interviewers sadly curses themselves with tears to prefer to never have it. (568 words)

总结:新思想的形成的确需要不断的积累和思考,并非“一朝一夕之功”,但是对于实现GRE作文之“思维争辩”目的是极其有益的,正是由于这个原因,笔者希望考生能够在准备阶段按下列三个步骤仔细思考一下“创新思维”的养成:

(1)想别人之未曾想,即对每个话题挖掘出意想不到的点子和深度,可借助上文说的“反向思维”。

(2)说别人之所遗漏,即别人未点到的方面,你可以用顺承的方法继续下去,挖掘出全新的立意。

(3)言别人之所未言,即别人已对该话题的方方面面已有涉及,但是可以有全新的语言和视角来重新表达。



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 mentality PoIzHP     
n.心理,思想,脑力
参考例句:
  • He has many years'experience of the criminal mentality.他研究犯罪心理有多年经验。
  • Running a business requires a very different mentality from being a salaried employee.经营企业所要求具备的心态和上班族的心态截然不同。
2 pulchritude fSixq     
n.美丽
参考例句:
  • Her dress shows her pulchritude to advantage.她的裙子衬托出了她的美丽。
  • She was a pulchritude in her day.她年轻时是个美人。
3 primitive vSwz0     
adj.原始的;简单的;n.原(始)人,原始事物
参考例句:
  • It is a primitive instinct to flee a place of danger.逃离危险的地方是一种原始本能。
  • His book describes the march of the civilization of a primitive society.他的著作描述了一个原始社会的开化过程。
4 chromatic aXpz4     
adj.色彩的,颜色的
参考例句:
  • The removal of the chromatic aberration is then of primary importance.这时消除色差具有头等重要性。
  • In lampblack many kitchens easy to present the chromatic aberration.油烟较多的厨房中易出现色差。
5 configurations 86f23519571eb918e8812e1979d55409     
n.[化学]结构( configuration的名词复数 );构造;(计算机的)配置;构形(原子在分子中的相对空间位置)
参考例句:
  • Such configurations, obtained theoretically by calculation, are called models of a star. 通过理论计算得到的恒星结构称为恒星模型。 来自辞典例句
  • The other two configurations have overriding advantages for special applications. 其它两种接法对特殊应用具有突出的优点。 来自辞典例句
6 embellish qPxz1     
v.装饰,布置;给…添加细节,润饰
参考例句:
  • I asked him not to embellish the truth with ideas of his own.我要他不对事实添油加醋。
  • Can you embellish your refusal just a little bit?你可以对你的婉拒之辞略加修饰吗?
7 forth Hzdz2     
adv.向前;向外,往外
参考例句:
  • The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
  • He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。
8 mainstream AoCzh9     
n.(思想或行为的)主流;adj.主流的
参考例句:
  • Their views lie outside the mainstream of current medical opinion.他们的观点不属于当今医学界观点的主流。
  • Polls are still largely reflects the mainstream sentiment.民调还在很大程度上反映了社会主流情绪。
9 incites 68eca287329b28545dbd9d6a3cf30705     
刺激,激励,煽动( incite的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • In all countries any person who incites others to insurrection is guilty of treason. 在任何国家里,煽动他人谋反者,都属犯叛国罪。
  • The success of the handicapped man incites us to pursue our dreams. 这位残疾人的成功激励我们追求自己的梦想。
10 graceful deHza     
adj.优美的,优雅的;得体的
参考例句:
  • His movements on the parallel bars were very graceful.他的双杠动作可帅了!
  • The ballet dancer is so graceful.芭蕾舞演员的姿态是如此的优美。
11 neatly ynZzBp     
adv.整洁地,干净地,灵巧地,熟练地
参考例句:
  • Sailors know how to wind up a long rope neatly.水手们知道怎样把一条大绳利落地缠好。
  • The child's dress is neatly gathered at the neck.那孩子的衣服在领口处打着整齐的皱褶。
12 ponderous pOCxR     
adj.沉重的,笨重的,(文章)冗长的
参考例句:
  • His steps were heavy and ponderous.他的步伐沉重缓慢。
  • It was easy to underestimate him because of his occasionally ponderous manner.由于他偶尔现出的沉闷的姿态,很容易使人小看了他。
13 futile vfTz2     
adj.无效的,无用的,无希望的
参考例句:
  • They were killed,to the last man,in a futile attack.因为进攻失败,他们全部被杀,无一幸免。
  • Their efforts to revive him were futile.他们对他抢救无效。
14 placation e1906456e95298775471eddb9793c18e     
参考例句:
  • The main means of Gai are placation are used simultaneously, sometimes one means over another. “改流”手段,主要是以抚见效,以剿收尾,剿抚两条路线,同时交织,彼此并行。 来自互联网
15 illicit By8yN     
adj.非法的,禁止的,不正当的
参考例句:
  • He had an illicit association with Jane.他和简曾有过不正当关系。
  • Seizures of illicit drugs have increased by 30% this year.今年违禁药品的扣押增长了30%。
16 alluring zzUz1U     
adj.吸引人的,迷人的
参考例句:
  • The life in a big city is alluring for the young people. 大都市的生活对年轻人颇具诱惑力。
  • Lisette's large red mouth broke into a most alluring smile. 莉莎特的鲜红的大嘴露出了一副极为诱人的微笑。
17 meretricious 3CixE     
adj.华而不实的,俗艳的
参考例句:
  • A wooden building painted to look like marble is meretricious.一座漆得像大理石般的木制建筑物外表是美丽的。
  • Her room was painted in meretricious technicolour.她的房间刷着俗艳的颜色。
18 aggravates b7b09c2f91842c4161671a7f19cda589     
使恶化( aggravate的第三人称单数 ); 使更严重; 激怒; 使恼火
参考例句:
  • If he aggravates me any more I shall punish him. 如果他再惹我生气,我就要惩罚他。
  • Now nothing aggravates me more than when people torment each pther. 没有什么东西比人们的互相折磨更使我愤怒。
19 applied Tz2zXA     
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
参考例句:
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
20 disposition GljzO     
n.性情,性格;意向,倾向;排列,部署
参考例句:
  • He has made a good disposition of his property.他已对财产作了妥善处理。
  • He has a cheerful disposition.他性情开朗。
21 skit 8hEy1     
n.滑稽短剧;一群
参考例句:
  • The comic skIt sent up the foolishness of young men in love.那幅画把沉溺于热恋中的青年男子的痴态勾勒得滑稽可笑。
  • They performed a skit to amuse the crowd.他们表演了一个幽默小品来娱乐观众。
22 approbation INMyt     
n.称赞;认可
参考例句:
  • He tasted the wine of audience approbation.他尝到了像酒般令人陶醉的听众赞许滋味。
  • The result has not met universal approbation.该结果尚未获得普遍认同。
23 penetrated 61c8e5905df30b8828694a7dc4c3a3e0     
adj. 击穿的,鞭辟入里的 动词penetrate的过去式和过去分词形式
参考例句:
  • The knife had penetrated his chest. 刀子刺入了他的胸膛。
  • They penetrated into territory where no man had ever gone before. 他们已进入先前没人去过的地区。
24 thereby Sokwv     
adv.因此,从而
参考例句:
  • I have never been to that city,,ereby I don't know much about it.我从未去过那座城市,因此对它不怎么熟悉。
  • He became a British citizen,thereby gaining the right to vote.他成了英国公民,因而得到了投票权。
25 lasting IpCz02     
adj.永久的,永恒的;vbl.持续,维持
参考例句:
  • The lasting war debased the value of the dollar.持久的战争使美元贬值。
  • We hope for a lasting settlement of all these troubles.我们希望这些纠纷能获得永久的解决。
26 evaluation onFxd     
n.估价,评价;赋值
参考例句:
  • I attempted an honest evaluation of my own life.我试图如实地评价我自己的一生。
  • The new scheme is still under evaluation.新方案还在评估阶段。
27 virtue BpqyH     
n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力
参考例句:
  • He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。
  • You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。
28 industriously f43430e7b5117654514f55499de4314a     
参考例句:
  • She paces the whole class in studying English industriously. 她在刻苦学习英语上给全班同学树立了榜样。
  • He industriously engages in unostentatious hard work. 他勤勤恳恳,埋头苦干。
29 attain HvYzX     
vt.达到,获得,完成
参考例句:
  • I used the scientific method to attain this end. 我用科学的方法来达到这一目的。
  • His painstaking to attain his goal in life is praiseworthy. 他为实现人生目标所下的苦功是值得称赞的。
30 exhausted 7taz4r     
adj.极其疲惫的,精疲力尽的
参考例句:
  • It was a long haul home and we arrived exhausted.搬运回家的这段路程特别长,到家时我们已筋疲力尽。
  • Jenny was exhausted by the hustle of city life.珍妮被城市生活的忙乱弄得筋疲力尽。
31 revere qBVzT     
vt.尊崇,崇敬,敬畏
参考例句:
  • Students revere the old professors.学生们十分尊敬那些老教授。
  • The Chinese revered corn as a gift from heaven.中国人将谷物奉为上天的恩赐。
32 illustrated 2a891807ad5907f0499171bb879a36aa     
adj. 有插图的,列举的 动词illustrate的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • His lecture was illustrated with slides taken during the expedition. 他在讲演中使用了探险时拍摄到的幻灯片。
  • The manufacturing Methods: Will be illustrated in the next chapter. 制作方法将在下一章说明。
33 relatively bkqzS3     
adv.比较...地,相对地
参考例句:
  • The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
  • The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。
34 evoke NnDxB     
vt.唤起,引起,使人想起
参考例句:
  • These images are likely to evoke a strong response in the viewer.这些图像可能会在观众中产生强烈反响。
  • Her only resource was the sympathy she could evoke.她以凭借的唯一力量就是她能从人们心底里激起的同情。
35 connoisseur spEz3     
n.鉴赏家,行家,内行
参考例句:
  • Only the real connoisseur could tell the difference between these two wines.只有真正的内行才能指出这两种酒的区别。
  • We are looking for a connoisseur of French champagne.我们想找一位法国香槟酒品酒专家。
36 capability JsGzZ     
n.能力;才能;(pl)可发展的能力或特性等
参考例句:
  • She has the capability to become a very fine actress.她有潜力成为杰出演员。
  • Organizing a whole department is beyond his capability.组织整个部门是他能力以外的事。
37 qualified DCPyj     
adj.合格的,有资格的,胜任的,有限制的
参考例句:
  • He is qualified as a complete man of letters.他有资格当真正的文学家。
  • We must note that we still lack qualified specialists.我们必须看到我们还缺乏有资质的专家。
38 justifies a94dbe8858a25f287b5ae1b8ef4bf2d2     
证明…有理( justify的第三人称单数 ); 为…辩护; 对…作出解释; 为…辩解(或辩护)
参考例句:
  • Their frequency of use both justifies and requires the memorization. 频繁的使用需要记忆,也促进了记忆。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
  • In my judgement the present end justifies the means. 照我的意见,只要目的正当,手段是可以不计较的。
39 incentive j4zy9     
n.刺激;动力;鼓励;诱因;动机
参考例句:
  • Money is still a major incentive in most occupations.在许多职业中,钱仍是主要的鼓励因素。
  • He hasn't much incentive to work hard.他没有努力工作的动机。
40 lure l8Gz2     
n.吸引人的东西,诱惑物;vt.引诱,吸引
参考例句:
  • Life in big cities is a lure for many country boys.大城市的生活吸引着许多乡下小伙子。
  • He couldn't resist the lure of money.他不能抵制金钱的诱惑。
41 momentous Zjay9     
adj.重要的,重大的
参考例句:
  • I am deeply honoured to be invited to this momentous occasion.能应邀出席如此重要的场合,我深感荣幸。
  • The momentous news was that war had begun.重大的新闻是战争已经开始。
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