国家统计局 the State Statistical¹ Bureau 
国家教育经费 national expenditure² on education 
财政拨款 financial allocation 
半文盲 semiliterate³; functional⁴ illiterate 
占百分比 account for ...% 
专任教师 full-time⁵ teacher 
资料中心 data center 
国际文化交流 intercultural communication 
教育方针 guideline(s)/guiding principle(s) for education 
教育必须为社会主义现代化服务，必须同生产劳动相结合，培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。 
Education must serve the needs of socialist⁶ modernization⁷, be integrated with productive labor⁸, and train builders and successors who are well developed morally, intellectual and physically⁹. 
适应社会主义现代化建设需要，面向二十一世纪，具有中国特色的社会主义教育体系。 
a socialist education system with distinct Chinese characteristics that meets the needs of socialist modernization and is oriented to the 21st century 
坚持社会主义方向 
to keep to the socialist orientation 
身体好，学习好，工作好。Keep fit, study hard and work well. 
德才兼备 to combine ability with character; equal stress on integrity and ability 
成为有理想，有道德，有文化，守纪律的劳动者 to become working people with lofty ideals, moral integrity, education and a sense of discipline 
教育要面向现代化，面向世界，面向未来 
Gear education to the needs of modernization, the world and the future 
爱国主义教育 education in patriotism 
国际主义教育 education in internationalism 
集体主义教育 education in collectivism 
共产主义教育 education in communism 
共产主义道德品质 communist ethics 
政治思想教育 political and ideological¹⁰ education 
五爱（爱祖国、爱人民、爱劳动、爱科学、爱护公物） 
"Five Love": love the motherland, the people, labor, and science and take good care of public property. 
教书育人 to educate the person as well as impart book knowledge 
培养独立分析问题和解决问题的能力 
to cultivate the ability to analyze and solve concrete problems independently 
启发学生独立思考的能力 
to help develop the ability of the students to think things out for themselves 
培养学生自学能力 
to foster the students’ ability to study on their own 
发挥学生主动性、创造性 to give scope to the students’ initiative and creativeness 
自学成才 to become educated through independent study 
启发式 elicitation method (of teaching); heuristic method 
填鸭式教学法 cramming/forced-feeding method of teaching 
普及教育 universal education 
义务教育 compulsory education; free education 
学前教育 preschool education 
初等教育 elementary education 
中等教育 secondary education 
高等教育 higher/tertiary education 
普遍教育 general education 
成人教育 adult education 
职业技术教育 vocational and technical education 
国家教育委员会 State Education Commission 
高等学校 institution of higher education 
综合性大学 comprehensive university 
文科大学 university of liberal arts 
文科院校 colleges of art 
理工科大学 college/university of science and engineering 
师范大学 normal university; teachers’ university 
师范学院 teachers’ college