5. In the soap war between Proctor and Gamble and Unilever, tremendous use is made of statistics to measure the dynamic difference in market resulting from the proportional allocation to advertising¹, which constitutes such a large part of their production costs before selling, so that they regard their production costs as production plus advertising costs.
　　要点 此句结构比较复杂，但主句很简单，主语为use，谓语为is made.主句正常语序为tremendous use of statistics is made to……， to measure……作目的状语，resulting from……为现在分词短语作difference的后置定语。which引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰allocation to advertising.so that引导一个结果状语从句。plus为介词，意为“加上”。soap war 为“肥皂广告大战”。
　　译文 在Proctor and Gamble和 Unilever两家企业之间的“肥皂大战”中，双方就大量使用了统计学知识来测量由相应的广告投入所引起的市场上的动态差异，这一项在前的生产成本中占较大部分，所以他们把生产成本看作是生产费用与广告费用之和。

　　6. Smart cards,which can carry as much as 80 times more information on them than conventional cards with a magnetic stripe,are already widely used in European countries where centralized banks can roll out new services on a nationwide basis.
　　要点 本句为简单复合句。句架为Smart cards， which ……， are already widely used in European countries where……。which为关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰smart cards；where 为关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰countries.nationwide：全国范围内的。roll out：本意为“展开（卷起之物）”，此处为引申义，指展开工作。
　　译文 智能卡载有的信息量是普通磁卡信息载量的80多倍，已经在欧洲各国广泛使用，因而使欧洲各国中央银行得以在全国范围展开新型的服务。

　　7. How well the prediction will be validated² by later performance depends upon the amount,reliability,and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.
　　要点 本句含有一个主语从句How well the prediction will be validated by later performance和一个定语从句with which it is interpreted.定语从句中it 指代prediction，该定语从句修饰the skill and wisdom.在翻译时主语从句用分译法，定语从句用合译法。validate：使有效；使有充分根据。
　　译文 预测在多大程度上为后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适宜性，还取决于用来解释预测的技巧和智慧。

　　8. Thus,to rectify³ the positions taken previously,where we contented⁴ ourselves with condemnations,in my delegation's opinion,we must find an overall solution which would come to grips with both the substance as well as the superficial aspects which,after all,serve only to compel us to keep this problem constantly on the Security Council's agendas.
　　要点 本句含有三个定语从句where……condemnations，which would come to grips ……和which,after all, serve only to compel……。第二个定语从句译成同位结构；第三个定语从句同上下文有明显的因果关系，译成“因为…”。overall：从头到尾；总的，全面的。
　　译文 因此，我们代表团认为，要纠正我们过去采取的只是满足于进行谴责的那种立场，我们必须寻求一个全面的解决方法，既能解决本质方面的问题，又能解决应对表面的问题，因为仅解决表面问题毕竟只能迫使我们一次又一次地把这个问题列入安理会的议程。

　　9. We may define chemistry as the science in which we deal with the chemical change in matter as a result of which it is possible to form a new substance.
　　要点 本句中有两个由which引导的定语从句：第一个定语从句的先行词是science，而不是chemistry;第二个定语从句的先行词是chemical change,而不是result或matter.
　　译文 我们可以说，化学是论述物质化学变化的科学，通过化学变化可能获得新的物质。

　　10. Time goes fast for one who has a sense of beauty,when there are pretty children in a pool and a young Diana on the edge,to receive with wonder anything you can catch！
　　要点 本句由一个主句（Time goes fast）、两个定语从句（who……和you can catch）和一个状语从句（when……）组成。you can catch前省略了that.按照先发生的事情先叙述以及条件在先结果在后的汉语习惯，翻译时应采用逆序法。
　　译文 对一个有美感，能以好奇心接收你所能抓到的任何东西的人来说，时间总是过得很快，比如当戏水池里有几个可爱的孩子，池边还有一位如黛安娜似的年轻女子时。