LSAT考试全真试题三SECTION3(3)
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
12. In a study of the relationship between aggression1 and television viewing in nursery school children, many interesting interactions among family styles, aggression, and television viewing were found. High aggression occurred in both high-viewing and low-viewing children and this seemed to be related to parental2 lifestyle. High-achieving. competitive, middle-class parents, whose children did not watch much television had more aggressive children than parents who planned their lives in an organized, child-centered way, which included larger amounts of television viewing.

  Which one of the following conclusions is best supported by the passage?

(A) Low levels of television viewing often lead to high levels of aggression among   children.
(B) The level of aggression of a child cannot be predicted from levels of   television viewing alone.
(C) If high-achieving. competitive parents were more child-centered, their   children would be less aggressive
(D) High levels of television viewing can explain high levels of aggression among   children only when the parents are not child-centered.
(E) Parental lifestyle is less important than the amount of television viewing in   determining the aggressiveness of children.

13. One of the effects of lead poisoning is an inflammation of the optic nerve, which causes those who have it to see bright haloes around light sources. In order to produce the striking yellow effects in his "Sunflowers" paintings, Van Gogh used Naples yellow, a pigment3 containing lead. Since in his later paintings, Van Gogh painted bright haloes around the stars and sun, it is likely that he was suffering from lead poisoning caused by ingesting the pigments4 he used.

  Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies?

(A) In Van Gogh s later paintings he painted some things as he saw them.
(B) Van Gogh continued to use paints containing lead after having painted the   "Sunflowers" paintings,.
(C) Van Gogh did not have symptoms of lead poisoning aside from seeing bright   haloes around light sources.
(D) The paints Van Gogh used in the "Sunflowers" paintings had no toxic5   ingredients other than lead.
(E) The effects of Naples yellow could not have been achieved using other   pigments.

Questions 14-15

Politician: The mandatory6 jail sentences that became law two years ago for certain crimes have enhanced the integrity of our system of justice, for no longer are there two kinds of justice, the kind dispensed7 by lenient8 judges and the kind dispensed by severe ones.

Pulic advocate: But with judges stripped of discretionary powers, there can be no leniency9 even where it would be appropriate. So juries now sometimes acquit10 a given defendant11 solely12 beacuse the jurors feel that the mandatory sentence would be too harsh. Those juries, then, do not return an accurate verdict on the defendant s guilt13. This is why it is imperative14 that the legislation instituting mandatory jail sentences be repealed15.

14. The public advocate responds to the politician s argument by doing which one of the following?

(A) trying to show that the politician s conclusion merely paraphrases16 the   politician s evidence
(B) claiming that the politician s evidence, properly analyzed17, has no bearing on   the conclusion the politician derives18 from it.
(C) arguing that leniency is not a trait of individuals but that, rather, it is a   property of certain kinds of decisions.
(D) arguing that an analysis of the consequences of certain legislation   undermines the politician s conclusion
(E) charging that the politician exaggerated the severity of a problem in order to   justify19 a sweeping20 solution

15. Which one of the following principles, if valid21, provides the politician with the strongest basis for countering the public advocate s argument?

(A) Juries should always consider whether the sum of the evidence leaves any   reasonable doube concerning the defendant s guilt, and in all cases in   which it does, they should acquit the defendant
(B) A system of justice should clearly define what the specific actions are that   judges are to perform within the system.
(C) Asystem of justice should not require any legal expertise22 on the part of the   people selected to serve on juries.
(D) Changes in a system of justice in response to some undesirable23 feature of   the system should be made as soon as possible once that feature has   been recognized as undesirable.
(E) Changes in a system of justice that produce undesirable consequences   should be reversed only if it is not feasible to ameliorate those undesirable   consequences through furhter modification24.

16. Researchers studying artificial sweeteners have long claimed that the perception of sweetness is determined25 by the activation26 of a single type of receptor on the tongue, called a sweetness receptor. They have also claimed that any given individual molecule27 of substance can activate28 at most one sweetness receptor and that the fewer molecules29 that are required to activate a receptor, the sweeter that substance will be perceived to be, Now the researchers claim to have discovered a substance of which only one molectule is needed to activate any sweetness receptor.

  Which one of the following conclusions is most strongly supported by the researchers claims, if all of those claims are true?

(A) The more sweetness receptors a person has on his or her tongue, the more   likely it is that that person will find sweet sensations pleasurable
(B) In sufficient quantity. the molecules of any substance can activate a   sweetness receptor
(C) No substance will be found that is perceived to be sweeter than the   substance the researchers have discovered.
(D) A substance that does not activate a sweetness receptor will activate a   taste receptor of another type.
(E) The more molecules of a substance that are required to activate a single   sweetness receptor. the more bitter that substance will be perceived to be.

17. An editorial in the Grandbury Daily Herald30 claims that Grandburg s voters would generally welcome the defeat of the political party now in control of the Grandburg City Council. The editorial bases its claim on a recent survey that found that 59 percent of Grandburg s registered voters think that the party will definitely be out of power after next year s city council elections.

  Which one of the following is a principle that, if established, would provide the strongest justification31 for the editorial s conclusion?

(A) The way voters feel about a political party at a given time can reasonably be   considered a reliable indicator32 of the way they will continue to feel about   that party, barring unforeseeable political developments.
(B) The results of surveys that gauge33 current voter sentiment toward a given   political party can legitimately34 be used as the basis for making claims   about the likely future prospects35 of that political party.
(C) An increase in ill-feeling toward a political party that is in power can   reasonably be expected to result in a corresponding increase in support for   rival political parties.
(D) The proportion of voters who expect a given political possibility to be   realized can legitimately be assumed to approximate the proportion of   voters who are in favor of that possibility being realized.
(E) It can reasonably be assumed that registered voters who respond to a   survey regarding the outcome of a future election will exercise their right to   vote in that election


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1 aggression WKjyF     
n.进攻,侵略,侵犯,侵害
参考例句:
  • So long as we are firmly united, we need fear no aggression.只要我们紧密地团结,就不必惧怕外来侵略。
  • Her view is that aggression is part of human nature.她认为攻击性是人类本性的一部份。
2 parental FL2xv     
adj.父母的;父的;母的
参考例句:
  • He encourages parental involvement in the running of school.他鼓励学生家长参与学校的管理。
  • Children always revolt against parental disciplines.孩子们总是反抗父母的管束。
3 pigment gi0yg     
n.天然色素,干粉颜料
参考例句:
  • The Romans used natural pigments on their fabrics and walls.古罗马人在织物和墙壁上使用天然颜料。
  • Who thought he might know what the skin pigment phenomenon meant.他自认为可能知道皮肤色素出现这种现象到底是怎么回事。
4 pigments 90c719a2ef7a786d9af119297e63a36f     
n.(粉状)颜料( pigment的名词复数 );天然色素
参考例句:
  • The Romans used natural pigments on their fabrics and walls. 古罗马人在织物和墙壁上使用天然颜料。 来自辞典例句
  • The original white lead pigments have oxidized and turned black. 最初的白色铅质颜料氧化后变成了黑色。 来自辞典例句
5 toxic inSwc     
adj.有毒的,因中毒引起的
参考例句:
  • The factory had accidentally released a quantity of toxic waste into the sea.这家工厂意外泄漏大量有毒废物到海中。
  • There is a risk that toxic chemicals might be blasted into the atmosphere.爆炸后有毒化学物质可能会进入大气层。
6 mandatory BjTyz     
adj.命令的;强制的;义务的;n.受托者
参考例句:
  • It's mandatory to pay taxes.缴税是义务性的。
  • There is no mandatory paid annual leave in the U.S.美国没有强制带薪年假。
7 dispensed 859813db740b2251d6defd6f68ac937a     
v.分配( dispense的过去式和过去分词 );施与;配(药)
参考例句:
  • Not a single one of these conditions can be dispensed with. 这些条件缺一不可。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • They dispensed new clothes to the children in the orphanage. 他们把新衣服发给孤儿院的小孩们。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
8 lenient h9pzN     
adj.宽大的,仁慈的
参考例句:
  • The judge was lenient with him.法官对他很宽大。
  • It's a question of finding the means between too lenient treatment and too severe punishment.问题是要找出处理过宽和处罚过严的折中办法。
9 leniency I9EzM     
n.宽大(不严厉)
参考例句:
  • udges are advised to show greater leniency towards first-time offenders.建议法官对初犯者宽大处理。
  • Police offer leniency to criminals in return for information.警方给罪犯宽大处理以换取情报。
10 acquit MymzL     
vt.宣判无罪;(oneself)使(自己)表现出
参考例句:
  • That fact decided the judge to acquit him.那个事实使法官判他无罪。
  • They always acquit themselves of their duty very well.他们总是很好地履行自己的职责。
11 defendant mYdzW     
n.被告;adj.处于被告地位的
参考例句:
  • The judge rejected a bribe from the defendant's family.法官拒收被告家属的贿赂。
  • The defendant was borne down by the weight of evidence.有力的证据使被告认输了。
12 solely FwGwe     
adv.仅仅,唯一地
参考例句:
  • Success should not be measured solely by educational achievement.成功与否不应只用学业成绩来衡量。
  • The town depends almost solely on the tourist trade.这座城市几乎完全靠旅游业维持。
13 guilt 9e6xr     
n.犯罪;内疚;过失,罪责
参考例句:
  • She tried to cover up her guilt by lying.她企图用谎言掩饰自己的罪行。
  • Don't lay a guilt trip on your child about schoolwork.别因为功课责备孩子而使他觉得很内疚。
14 imperative BcdzC     
n.命令,需要;规则;祈使语气;adj.强制的;紧急的
参考例句:
  • He always speaks in an imperative tone of voice.他老是用命令的口吻讲话。
  • The events of the past few days make it imperative for her to act.过去这几天发生的事迫使她不得不立即行动。
15 repealed 3d9f89fff28ae1cbe7bc44768bc7f02d     
撤销,废除( repeal的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • The Labour Party repealed the Act. 工党废除了那项法令。
  • The legislature repealed the unpopular Rent Act. 立法机关废除了不得人心的租借法案。
16 paraphrases b1083629241a663c9f6b360a0ffb8898     
n.释义,意译( paraphrase的名词复数 )v.释义,意译( paraphrase的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
17 analyzed 483f1acae53789fbee273a644fdcda80     
v.分析( analyze的过去式和过去分词 );分解;解释;对…进行心理分析
参考例句:
  • The doctors analyzed the blood sample for anemia. 医生们分析了贫血的血样。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The young man did not analyze the process of his captivation and enrapturement, for love to him was a mystery and could not be analyzed. 这年轻人没有分析自己蛊惑著迷的过程,因为对他来说,爱是个不可分析的迷。 来自《简明英汉词典》
18 derives c6c3177a6f731a3d743ccd3c53f3f460     
v.得到( derive的第三人称单数 );(从…中)得到获得;源于;(从…中)提取
参考例句:
  • English derives in the main from the common Germanic stock. 英语主要源于日耳曼语系。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He derives his income from freelance work. 他以自由职业获取收入。 来自《简明英汉词典》
19 justify j3DxR     
vt.证明…正当(或有理),为…辩护
参考例句:
  • He tried to justify his absence with lame excuses.他想用站不住脚的借口为自己的缺席辩解。
  • Can you justify your rude behavior to me?你能向我证明你的粗野行为是有道理的吗?
20 sweeping ihCzZ4     
adj.范围广大的,一扫无遗的
参考例句:
  • The citizens voted for sweeping reforms.公民投票支持全面的改革。
  • Can you hear the wind sweeping through the branches?你能听到风掠过树枝的声音吗?
21 valid eiCwm     
adj.有确实根据的;有效的;正当的,合法的
参考例句:
  • His claim to own the house is valid.他主张对此屋的所有权有效。
  • Do you have valid reasons for your absence?你的缺席有正当理由吗?
22 expertise fmTx0     
n.专门知识(或技能等),专长
参考例句:
  • We were amazed at his expertise on the ski slopes.他斜坡滑雪的技能使我们赞叹不已。
  • You really have the technical expertise in a new breakthrough.让你真正在专业技术上有一个全新的突破。
23 undesirable zp0yb     
adj.不受欢迎的,不良的,不合意的,讨厌的;n.不受欢迎的人,不良分子
参考例句:
  • They are the undesirable elements among the employees.他们是雇员中的不良分子。
  • Certain chemicals can induce undesirable changes in the nervous system.有些化学物质能在神经系统中引起不良变化。
24 modification tEZxm     
n.修改,改进,缓和,减轻
参考例句:
  • The law,in its present form,is unjust;it needs modification.现行的法律是不公正的,它需要修改。
  • The design requires considerable modification.这个设计需要作大的修改。
25 determined duszmP     
adj.坚定的;有决心的
参考例句:
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
26 activation 24eed33ee38027d124839f0fcdf6adcb     
n. 激活,催化作用
参考例句:
  • A computer controls the activation of an air bag.电脑控制着气囊的启动。
27 molecule Y6Tzn     
n.分子,克分子
参考例句:
  • A molecule of water is made up of two atoms of hygrogen and one atom of oxygen.一个水分子是由P妈?f婘??妈?成的。
  • This gives us the structural formula of the molecule.这种方式给出了分子的结构式。
28 activate UJ2y0     
vt.使活动起来,使开始起作用
参考例句:
  • We must activate the youth to study.我们要激励青年去学习。
  • These push buttons can activate the elevator.这些按钮能启动电梯。
29 molecules 187c25e49d45ad10b2f266c1fa7a8d49     
分子( molecule的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The structure of molecules can be seen under an electron microscope. 分子的结构可在电子显微镜下观察到。
  • Inside the reactor the large molecules are cracked into smaller molecules. 在反应堆里,大分子裂变为小分子。
30 herald qdCzd     
vt.预示...的来临,预告,宣布,欢迎
参考例句:
  • In England, the cuckoo is the herald of spring.在英国杜鹃鸟是报春的使者。
  • Dawn is the herald of day.曙光是白昼的先驱。
31 justification x32xQ     
n.正当的理由;辩解的理由
参考例句:
  • There's no justification for dividing the company into smaller units. 没有理由把公司划分成小单位。
  • In the young there is a justification for this feeling. 在年轻人中有这种感觉是有理由的。
32 indicator i8NxM     
n.指标;指示物,指示者;指示器
参考例句:
  • Gold prices are often seen as an indicator of inflation.黃金价格常常被看作是通货膨胀的指标。
  • His left-hand indicator is flashing.他左手边的转向灯正在闪亮。
33 gauge 2gMxz     
v.精确计量;估计;n.标准度量;计量器
参考例句:
  • Can you gauge what her reaction is likely to be?你能揣测她的反应可能是什么吗?
  • It's difficult to gauge one's character.要判断一个人的品格是很困难的。
34 legitimately 7pmzHS     
ad.合法地;正当地,合理地
参考例句:
  • The radio is legitimately owned by the company. 该电台为这家公司所合法拥有。
  • She looked for nothing save what might come legitimately and without the appearance of special favour. 她要的并不是男人们的额外恩赐,而是合法正当地得到的工作。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
35 prospects fkVzpY     
n.希望,前途(恒为复数)
参考例句:
  • There is a mood of pessimism in the company about future job prospects. 公司中有一种对工作前景悲观的情绪。
  • They are less sanguine about the company's long-term prospects. 他们对公司的远景不那么乐观。
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