PETS写作——从简单句子开始
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
单句句式:
  我们常常用到的最基本的五种简单句式即:

  1.主语 + 不及物动词
  【例句】:I’m swimming.
  She smiled.

  2.主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语
  【例句】I have finished2 my homework .
  I don’t like football at all.

  3.主语 + 连系动词 + 表语
  【例句】The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
  The food tastes delicious4.

  4.主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
  【例句】I bought my sister a comb5.
  He gave6 her many beautiful coats.

  5.主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
  【例句】:He leaves7 the windows open.
  They kept the seeds8 warm

  .在PETS1短文写作中,考生只要清晰流畅地表达出题目要求的意思即可,因此考试应该尽量用自己掌握熟练的句式来书写,而以上的简单句结构简单,并且是我们从学习英语开始就很熟悉的,不易出错。因此考试要熟练掌握这几种句式,同时在考试中不要贪图文章的句子华丽,用一些不常用、不熟悉的句式,反而造成错误。

  常用句型

  1.     There be 结构

  a. 这是英语中常见的一种结构,表示“某地有某物”其含义为“存在有”。
  【例句一】 There are twenty girls in our class.
  have也解释为“有”但是与there be有区别,它的含义是“所有,属有”,其主语为某人。
  【例句二】.I have a nice watch.

  b. There be 结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致。

  c.There is a river near our school.
  否:There is not a river near our school.
  问:Is there a river near our school.
  回答:Yes, there is. No, there isn't.

  d.there be 结构的一般将来时,同学们较难掌握,其正确形式为:there is going9 to be

  e1.反意疑问句的构成:There is no water in the glass, is there?

  2. so, neither引导的倒装句,为了避免和前一句话内容重复,英语中习惯用so, neither引导的倒装句。

  a.  So +be(助动词,情态动词)+主语。表示某人也是如此。

  b. Neither10 +be(助动词,情态动词)+主语,表示某人也不。

  c.So+主语+be(助动词,情态动词)。表示果真如此(赞同), 请同学们与a.区别。

  3.   It's+时间+since动词过去式。自从...起已有...时间了。

  4.   祈使句+and (那么)...

  5.   祈使句+or...否则...

  6.   The+比较级...,the+比较级... 越...越...

  7.   How do you like the film? =What do you think of the film?

  8.   What...do with...?怎样对付...?怎样处理...? 虽然中文为怎样,我们绝不可照字面翻译为how.

  9.   I don't know what to do.我不知道该怎么办?I don't know how to do. ×

  10.  What...be like?...是什么样的?

  11.  What...for?为何目的?为什么?
  【例句三】What do you want a science lab12 f or?=Why do you want a science lab?

  12   .one of +最高级+复数   最...之一
  【例句四】.Miss Zhao is one of the most popular13 teachers.
13.  find it +形容词+to do
  【例句五】I find it useful14 to learn English well. (我发觉学好英语是很有用的)
  find +宾语 +名词  
  【例句六】I find him a good boy. (我发现他是个好男孩.)
  find +宾语 +形容词 
  【例句七】I find the door open/closed. (我发现门开/关着)

  14.   I don't think+肯定句 我想...不
  【例句八】I don't think I'll take it. (我想我不买它了)
  请注意:中文意思否定在从句中,但是英语的表达否定在主句中。

  15.  prefer15 A to B=like A better than B 更喜欢A不怎么喜欢B.
  【例句九】I prefer fish to chicken.= I like fish better than chicken

  16.  had16 better do sth.最好干某事.       否定:had better not do sth.
  特别注意:had better后面跟be动词词组,不可漏掉be.

  17.  It is good (nice)of+宾格+to do sth.
  【例句十】It is very good of you to teach me English. (你教我英语真是太好了)

  18.  It takes sb. some time to do sth.(干某事化费某人多少时间)
  =sb.spend some time on sth./ (in) doing sth.
  【例句十一】It took17 me half an hour to do the work.
  =I spent half an hour in doing the work.

  19.  sb.pay18 钱 for 物 某物化费了某人多少钱
  =sb.spend 钱 on 物  =物 cost19 sb.钱
  注意:pay的过去式为paid 而不是payed.

  20.  have been to 某人曾去过某地,现在人不在那儿
  sb.have been in +地点 某人呆在某地(一段时间)
  have gone to 某人已去某地,人不在这儿

21.  ⑴ too…形容词(副词)+to…"太…而不能" "太…以致于不"
  【例句十二】The basket is too heavy for me to carry. 这篮子太重我拿不动。
  ⑵so...that 如此...以致于...
  上面的too...to结构的句子,可以换成so...that 引导的句子转换。
  【例句十三】The basket is so heavy that I can't carry it.

  22.   What's the population20 of ...? ...人口有多少?不说How much population in...?形容人口数量的大用large
  【例句十四】The population of China is ten times as3 large as that of the USA

  23.  I came21 to return22 your pan23. (我跑来是还你锅的)
  →Why did24 you come? 而不用What

  24.  not...until25 (连词)方才,才
  【例句十五】He says that he won't be free26 until tomorrow.他说他需到明天方才有空。
  肯定句+until 到
  【例句十六】You'd better wait until tomorrow. (你最好等到明天)

  25.  neither...nor27... 既不...也不...     either11...or... 或者...或者...
  【例句十七】Neither Tom nor Jack28 know how to spell the word "hundred".
  【例句十八】Either you or she is right. (谓语动词就近原则)
  both...and... 两者都...
  【例句十九】Both Jim and I are in Grade One (主语看作复数)

  最常用时态

  书面表达还需要考生准确地运用英语最基本的五个时态,如果时态运用自如,考生就能够应对各种时间条件的文章,因此,对于时态掌握不太好的考生,平时可以进行五种基本时态的造句训练。
 
  英文最常用的时态有五个:一般现在时;现在进行时;一般过去时;一般将来时和现在完成时。
 
  1. 一般现在时:用动词原型表示,但单数第三人称后要加-s,一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
  【例句】We always care29 for each other and help each other。

  2. 现在进行时:用助动词be的人称形式加现在分词构成,主要表示现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作。
  【例句】Where are they having the basket-ball match?

  3. 一般将来时:由助动词shall或will加动词原型或be going to加动词原型构成,shall用于第一人称,will用于第二、三人称。表示将要发生的动作和情况。
  【例句】:I will (shall) arrive tomorrow.

  4.一般过去时:由动词的过去式表示,主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况(包括习惯性动作)。
  【例句】When did she leave?

  5. 现在完成时:由have或has加动词的过去分词构成。表示到现在为止的这一时期中发生的情况;对现状有影响的某一已发生的动作;过去开始持续到现在还有可能继续的动作。
  【例句】I haven’t seen30 him for many days.

  同时为了有效地提高成绩,我们还要有针对性的进行训练,一是对常用地各种句型、表达方式熟练掌握;二是对各种常用地应用文体做专项训练,进行适当地写作练习,掌握一定地写作技巧



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 e e1671797c52e15f763380b45e841ec32     
n.英语字母表的第5个字母;C大调音阶中的第三音
参考例句:
  • The "e" in " time" is a silent letter. time中的e不发音。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • You've made a mistake -- you've left out the letter e. 你出了一个错,把字母e 落了。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
2 finished otFzWn     
adj.完成的,精湛的;v.动词finish的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • We finished up everything there was on the table. 我们把桌上的东西全吃完了。
  • We can certainly have the job finished on time.我们肯定能按时完成任务。
3 as pNiyL     
conj.按照;如同
参考例句:
  • He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
  • In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里,这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。
4 delicious 8mxzl     
adj.美味的,可口的
参考例句:
  • The apples are big and delicious.苹果又大又好吃。
  • The beer tastes very delicious.这啤酒尝起来很可口。
5 comb ibMyK     
n.头梳,鸡冠;vt.梳头发,梳毛;vi.(浪)涌起
参考例句:
  • Don't forget to comb your hair before you go out.不要忘记临出门梳梳头。
  • We use a comb to tidy our hair.我们用梳子来梳理头发。
6 gave YgSxz     
vbl.(give的过去式)给予,产生,发表
参考例句:
  • He asked for money and I gave him some.他要钱,我给了他一些。
  • I gave you a map so you wouldn't get lost. 我给你一张地图,这样你就不会迷路了。
7 leaves b1xxm     
n.树叶,花瓣; leaf 的复数; leave 的单数第三人称现在式
参考例句:
  • The walk was covered with leaves.这人行道上满是树叶。
  • Will you check on the time the train leaves?请你核对一下火车开出的时间好吗?
8 seeds 4c3712efb78a5f3b5738668a8043caf7     
n.种子( seed的名词复数 );子孙;起源;(尤指网球比赛)种子选手
参考例句:
  • During the winter the seeds lie dormant in the soil. 冬天种子在土壤中休眠。
  • a packet of wild flower seeds 一包野花籽
9 going dsHzY9     
n.去,离去,地面(或道路)的状况,工作情况;(复数形式)goings: 行为;adj.进行中的,流行的,现存的
参考例句:
  • We're going to listen to a report this afternoon. 今天下午我们要去听报告。
  • He hates leaving the office and going on holiday.他不愿离开办公室去度假。
10 neither nRTzG     
adj.皆不,两不;int.两者都不;conj.既非,既不
参考例句:
  • I don't know that neither.那个我也不知道。
  • He doesn't smoke neither does he drink.他既不抽烟也不喝酒。
11 either pq6x9     
adj.任一,两方的;prep.任一,随便任一个;conj.或,也
参考例句:
  • I have bought two books,you can have either.我买了两本书,你要哪一本都可以。
  • I don't think either of them are at home.我想他们中任何一个都不在家。
12 lab U2Yxf     
n.实验室
参考例句:
  • Who is in the lab this morning?今天早上谁在实验室?
  • We usually have Science in the science lab.我们通常在科学实验室里上科学课。
13 popular XOaxT     
adj.受欢迎的;流行的;通俗的
参考例句:
  • " Mary " is a very popular name for a girl.“ 玛丽 ”是个很常见的女孩名字。
  • He likes to play football and to sing popular songs.他喜欢踢足球和唱流行歌曲。
14 useful QjHwV     
adj.有用的;有益的
参考例句:
  • The horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。
  • He's a useful member of the team.他是该队的一名强手。
15 prefer BPyxL     
v.宁愿(选择);更喜欢
参考例句:
  • I prefer red to blue.我喜欢红色而不喜欢蓝色。
  • I prefer tea rather than coffee.我喜欢茶甚于喜欢咖啡。
16 had FeBxb     
vbl.have的过去式和过去分词;conj.有
参考例句:
  • I just had a good idea!我有个好主意!
  • The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。
17 took indwq     
vt.带,载(take的过去式)
参考例句:
  • I took my dog for a walk along the river.我带着狗沿那条河散步。
  • It took me about two hours to cook the meat.我花了大约两个小时来煮这些肉。
18 pay NL6xI     
v.付钱;n.付钱;薪金
参考例句:
  • How much did you pay?你付了多少钱?
  • His pay is below the average.他的工资低于一般水平。
19 cost 2zaxi     
n.价钱,费用,成本;损失,牺牲
参考例句:
  • What does the book cost?这本书值多少?
  • He saved his daughter at the cost of his life.他以牺牲自己的生命挽救了女儿。
20 population YOyxU     
n.人口,人数
参考例句:
  • What is the population of london?伦敦的人口是多少?
  • China has a huge population.中国有众多的人口。
21 came xTYyl     
v.动词come的过去式
参考例句:
  • I was surprised why he came here so early.他为什么那么早到这里,我很惊奇。
  • The doctor came in time to save his life.医生及时来抢救他的生命。
22 return mDvyr     
vi.返回,回来;送还;回复,恢复;vt.归还,送还;n.返回,归来;偿还,归还;回复
参考例句:
  • I'll return at 10 this evening.我今晚十点回来。
  • I often return in dreams to my hometown.我常常在梦中回到我的故乡。
23 pan YKHxG     
n.平底锅;v.严厉批评
参考例句:
  • The water had all boiled away and the pan was burned.水煮干了,锅也烧坏了。
  • The eggs were frying in the pan.鸡蛋正在锅里煎。
24 did SvwxP     
v.动词do的过去式
参考例句:
  • How many goals did you score in the last game?上一场比赛你们进了几个球?
  • Why did you choose basketball in the first place?你为何首先选择篮球呢?
25 until cjnw3     
prep.直到...为止;conj.直到...时才...
参考例句:
  • He arrived home until midnight.他直到半夜才到家。
  • She didn't sleep until midnight.她直到半夜才睡。
26 free ziYxM     
adj.自由的,免费的;v.使自由;adv.随意地
参考例句:
  • I don't have much free time.我没有多少空闲时间。
  • There really is no free lunch.天下果然没有免费的午餐。
27 nor 0Hixj     
conj./adv.也不,也没有
参考例句:
  • It is neither hot nor cold in winter here.这里冬天既不热也不冷。
  • She can't get there at four,nor can I.她不能在四点钟到那里,我也不能。
28 jack 53Hxp     
n.插座,千斤顶,男人;v.抬起,提醒,扛举;n.(Jake)杰克
参考例句:
  • I am looking for the headphone jack.我正在找寻头戴式耳机插孔。
  • He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。
29 care FTYyC     
n.小心,照料,忧虑;v.关心,照顾,喜爱,介意
参考例句:
  • I really care about the students in my class.我的确喜欢这个班上的学生。
  • Her work is to take care of the children.她的工作是照料好孩子。
30 seen ujyzZX     
vbl.(see的过去分词)看见
参考例句:
  • Since I left college, I have not seen him.自从我离开大学以后,就没有见过他了。
  • I hope to have seen the film next week.我希望下星期能看到这部电影。
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