二、完型填空CLOZE ［15 MIN.］

Decide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the correct choice for each blank on your answer Sheet.

Our ape-men forefathers¹ had no obvious natural weapons in the struggle for survi val in the open. They had neither the powerful teeth nor the strong claws of the big cats. They could not ( 26 ) with the bear, whose strengt h, speed and claws ( 27 ) an impressive ’small fire’ weaponry . They could not even defend themselves ( 28 ) runnin g swiftly like the horses, zebras or small animals. If the ape-men h ad attempted to compete on those terms in the open, they would have been ( 29 ) to failure and extinction². But they were (30) with enormous concealed³ advantages of a kind not possessed⁴ by any of the ir competitors.

 

In the search ( 31 ) the pickings of the forest, the ape-men had ( 32 ) efficient stereoscopic vision and a sense of colour that the animals of the grasslands⁶ did not possess. The abili ty to see clearly at close range permitted the ape-men to study practical proble ms in a way that lay far ( 33 ) the reach of the original inh abitants of the grassland⁵. Good long-distance sight was ( 34 )

 

another matter. Lack of long-distance vision had not been a problem for fores t-dwelling apes and monkeys because the higher the viewpoint, the greater the ra nge of sight—so ( 35 ) they had had to do was climb a tree. Out in the open, however, this simple solution was not ( 3 6 ) . Climbing a hill would have helped, but in many places the gro und was flat. The ape-men ( 37 ) the only possible solution. They reared up as high as possible on their hind⁷ limbs and began to walk upright . This vital change of physical position brought about considerable disadvantages. It was extremely unstable⁸ and it meant that the already slow ape-men became slo wer still. ( 38 ) , they persevered⁹ and their bone structure gradually became ( 39 )猼o the new,unstable position that ( 40 ) them the name Homo erectus,upright man.

 

26. A. match B. compare C. rival D. equal

27. A. became B. equipped C. posed D. provided

28. A. in B. upon C. by D. with

29. A. driven B. doomed¹⁰ C. forced D. led

30. A. bestowed¹¹ B. given C. presented D. endowed

31. A.for B. of C. on D. at

32. A. progressed B.generated C.developed D.advanced

33. A.from B.apart C. beyond D.above

34. A. rather B.quite C. much D.really

35. A. anything B.that C. everything D.all

36. A. available B.enough C. sufficient D.convenient

37. A. chose B.adopted C. accepted D.took

38. A. However B.Therefore C. Meanwhile D.Subsequently

39. A. accustomed B. familiarized C. adapted D. suited

40. A. obtained B.called C. deserved D. earned

二、完型填空

短文大意：这篇文章介绍了古代猿人为了生存而发生的生理进化。

26. 答案：A

【试题分析】本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。

【详细解答】 rival意为“与…相匹敌；比得上”，常用的搭配是rival sb／sth for／in sth.；equal意为“比得上，和……相等”，常用的搭配是be equal to；match意为“和……相配；和……相称”，常用搭配为match with，意为“与……相匹敌”；compare意为“比较；对照”，常用的搭配有compare with，意为“与……相比较”。这里是说“他们无法与熊相比”，故根据句意和搭配，答案应选A。

 

27. 答案：D

【试题分析】本题为动词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】became意为“成为；变为”；equipped意为“装备”，常用于be equipped with或equip sb．with sth．；posed意为“摆好姿势；造成”；provided意为“供给，提供”。这里是说熊的力量、速度和爪子为自身提供了很好的武器，故选项D最合题意。

 

28. 答案：C

【试题分析】本题为词汇搭配题。

【详细解答】defend…by doing sth．中的by表示方式、手段，意为“通过(做某事)”，后一般接动名词。这里是说“它们不能像马、斑马或其他小动物一样通过快速地奔跑来保护自己”。

 

29. 答案：B

【试题分析】本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。

【详细解答】be doomed to sth．(一般为death，failure等一类的词)表示“注定……”。be driven to后常接madness，sorrow等一类的词。lead to一般为主动式。这里是说“他们早就注定失败、灭绝了”，故答案选B。

 

30. 答案：D

【试题分析】本题为词汇辨析题。

【详细解答】 bestow表示“赠给”，常与on或upon搭配；give一般与to搭配；present表示“赠予”时一般与with搭配；endow表示“天生具有，赋予”，一般用被动式与with搭配。本句意为“他们却拥有其他任何竞争者所不具有的某种巨大而隐蔽的优势”，故答案选D

31. 答案：B

【试题分析】本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。

【详细解答】 in the search of是固定搭配，意为“在寻找……的过程中”。这里是说“在寻找森林可采物的过程中”。

 

32. 答案：C

【试题分析】本题为动词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】generate意为“生成，产生”；progress意为“进展，进步”，是不及物动词；develop意为“(逐渐)形成”、“(逐渐)获得”，后与interest，relationship，ability等搭配；advance意为“促进，提出，提升”。这里是说“在生存竞争中，猿人逐步形成了有效的、草地动物所不具有的立体视觉和颜色辨别的能力”。根据句意，答案选C。

 

33．答案：C

【试题分析】本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。

【详细解答】beyond the reach of为固定搭配，意思是“够不着；在……范围之外”，与其相对的短语是within the reach of（够得着；在……范围之内）。本句是说“猿人能在较近距离内看清目标”。

 

34．答案：B

【试题分析】本题考查对习惯用法的掌握。

【详细解答】程度副词quite可以用在限定词another前，而另三个程度副词则不能。副词yet也可用在another前，但表示的是数量意义的“还，再”。本句意为“良好的远距离视力完全是另外一回事。”

 

35．答案：D

【试题分析】本题为词汇辨析题。

【详细解答】本句中的so引导一个主语句子，这个句子缺少一个引导词，该引导词还是“they had to do”的宾语，只有选项D合乎条件。

 

36．答案：A

【试题分析】本题为形容词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】available意为“可得到的；可用的”；enough意为“足够的”；sufficient意为“充足的”；convenient意为“方便的”。上文说的是在森林中居住的猿人和猴子可以通过爬树来扩大视力所及的范围，此处接着说的是，然而在没有树的开阔地带，这种方法是不可行的。故选项A为正确答案。

 

37．答案：B

【试题分析】本题为动词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】choose意为“选择，挑选”；adopt意为“采用；采纳”；accept意为“接受”；take意为“实施；采取”。这里是说“猿人采取了惟一可行的方案”，故答案选B。

 

38．答案：A

【试题分析】本题为语篇分析题。

【详细解答】此句与上句之间在语义上为转折关系，四个选项中只有however表转折关系，为正确答案。therefore表因果关系，C项meanwhile表时间关系，subsequently表承接关系。

 

39．答案：C

【试题分析】本题为词语用法辨析题。

【详细解答】accustomed表示“习惯的，适应的”，常用结构为be accustomed to，意思是“习惯于……”；familiarized的常用结构为be familiarized with，意思是“与……相熟”；adapt表示“适应”时，常用adapt to sth．或adapt oneself to sth．结构，暗含作出某种变化以适应新的情况；be suited to sth．表示“适合……的”。这里是说“它们的骨骼渐渐适应了……”，故选项C为正确答案。

 

40．答案：D

【试题分析】本题为动词用法辨析题。

【详细解答】 call后面可以接宾语加宾语补足语；obtain和deserve后跟单宾语；earn后既可以接单宾语，也可以接双宾语，接双宾语时表示“(为……)博得，使得到”。根据句子结构，答案应选D

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