公共英语等级考试PETS二级语法资料汇总(三)代词a |
文章来源： 文章作者： 发布时间：2007-06-04 07:01 字体： [ 大 中 小] 进入论坛 |
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
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(三)代词
1．代词分类表：英语中代词有九类，用来指代名词或上、下文中的词，词组或句子。
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序
号
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数
人
种 称
类
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单数
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复数
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一
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二
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三
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一
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二
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三
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1
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人称
代词
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主格
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I
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you
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he
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she
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it
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we
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you
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they
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宾格
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me
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you
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him
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her
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it
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us
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you
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them
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2
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物主
代词
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形容
词性
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my
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your
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his
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her
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its
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our
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your
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their
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名词性
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mine
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yours
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his
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hers
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its
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ours
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yours
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theirs
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3
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反身代词
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4
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指示代词
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this that
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these those
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5
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不定代词
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指代人
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事物
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something, anything, nothing, everything
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指代人或物事
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some, any, no, all, other, the other, none, a lot(of), such21
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6
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相互代词
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each other, one another, each other’s,one another’s
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7
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疑问代词
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who(ever), whom22(ever), whose(ever), which(ever), what(ever)
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8
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连接代词
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who(ever), whom(ever), whose(ever), which(ever), what(ever)
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9
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关系代词
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who, whom, whose, which, that, as23
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2．人称代词用法表：
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序号
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作用
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用法说明
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例 句
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1
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作主语
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用主格
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Does he enjoy listening to music?
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2
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作表语
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指主语用主格
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指宾语用宾格
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3
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作宾语
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用宾格
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注意：
（1）代词并列时，排列顺序为“二，三，一”人称，如：“you,he and I”；“him and me”。
（2）人称代词常在名词后，但“you”在名词前，如：“you, Tom and I”。
（3）其他种类代词在“人称代词”后，如：“he and some others”。
（4）口语中，宾格作表语，如：“It’s me.”。
3．物主代词：
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分 类
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句法功能
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例 句
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形容词性物主代词
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作定语
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This is my pen.
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名词性物主代词
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作主语、表语、宾语
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This bike is hers.
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注意：名词性物主代词可用于双重所有格中：
She is a friend of mine.
4.反身代词：
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序号
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在句中充当的成分
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例 句
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1
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宾语
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位于动词后
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She could29 dress herself when she was six.
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位于介词后
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“宾语+and”后
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2
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表 语
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He doesn’t seem32 himself today.
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3
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同
位
语
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主语同位语
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He himself had33 to do it/He had to do it himself.
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宾语同位语
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4
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并
列
主
语
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and之后
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(Both)Mary and myself will go.
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or之后
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(Either)Mary or yourself will go.
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nor之后
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(Neither)Mike nor35 yourself have anything to do with it.
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注意：
（1）反身代词不单独作主语。
点击  收听单词发音
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myself
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| pron.我自己 |
参考例句： |
- Should I do it myself?我应该自己做吗？
- I woke up to find myself in the hospital.我醒来发现自己在医院里。
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2
yourself
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| pron.你自己 |
参考例句： |
- I need you to do it yourself.我要你亲自做。
- Late again,Tom?I hope you can explain yourself.汤姆，又迟到了？我希望你能说明理由。
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3
himself
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| pron.他自己 |
参考例句： |
- He is proud of himself.他为自己感到自豪。
- He said to his mother that he would do it by himself.他对他的母亲说他将自己独立做那件事。
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4
herself
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| pron.她自己 |
参考例句： |
- The little girl wrote the letter all by herself. 这小女孩自己写了这封信。
- She should do her homework herself.她应该自己做作业。
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5
itself
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| pron.(it的反身代词)它自己，它本身 |
参考例句： |
- The thing itself is not important.这事情本身并不重要。
- The machine will start by itself in a few seconds.几秒钟后，机器将自行启动。
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ourselves
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| pron.我们自己 |
参考例句： |
- We walked home by ourselves.我们独自走回家。
- We fight only for ourselves!我们只为自己而战！
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yourselves
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| pron.你们自己 |
参考例句： |
- I hope you'll enjoy yourselves.我希望你们能玩得高兴。
- Did you make these cakes yourselves?这些蛋糕是你们亲手做的吗？
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themselves
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| pron.他们自己，她们自己，它们本身；他们亲自；他自己 |
参考例句： |
- They finished the work by themselves.他们自己完成了这项工作。
- The boys didn't know what to do with themselves after school ended.男孩们不知道放学后该做些什么。
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9
somebody
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| n.重要人物；pron.某人，有人 |
参考例句： |
- Somebody is using the computer.有人在用电脑。
- He seems to be somebody.他似乎是个重要人物。
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10
someone
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| pron.某人，有人 |
参考例句： |
- I can hear someone knocking.我听到有人敲门。
- Someone wants to see her.有人找她。
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anybody
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| n.重要人物；pron.任何人 |
参考例句： |
- They do not see anybody.他们没看见任何人。
- You couldn't tell anybody.你不能告诉任何人。
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12
anyone
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| pron.(=everybody)任何人 |
参考例句： |
- Anyone who wants to can join.愿意的都可以参加。
- Have you got anyone to speak for you?你找到人代表你们发言了吗？
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13
nobody
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| pron.无人，没有任何人 |
参考例句： |
- Nobody is in the house.没有人在房子里。
- Nobody knows where she lives.没有人知道她住哪里。
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everybody
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| pron.每人，人人(=everyone) |
参考例句： |
- Christmas is a holiday for everybody.圣诞节是所有人的节日。
- It is difficult to find a time that suits everybody.很难找到一个对每人都合适的时间。
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15
either
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| adj.任一，两方的；prep.任一，随便任一个；conj.或，也 |
参考例句： |
- I have bought two books,you can have either.我买了两本书，你要哪一本都可以。
- I don't think either of them are at home.我想他们中任何一个都不在家。
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16
neither
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| adj.皆不，两不；int.两者都不；conj.既非，既不 |
参考例句： |
- I don't know that neither.那个我也不知道。
- He doesn't smoke neither does he drink.他既不抽烟也不喝酒。
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others
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| prep.(pl.)另外的人 |
参考例句： |
- Learning from others is important.向别人学习很重要。
- She is always ready to help others.她总是乐于助人。
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18
few
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| adj.很少的，不多的，少数的；int.少数的 |
参考例句： |
- There are few woods in that area.那个地区几乎没有森林。
- I have a few questions.我有些问题要问你。
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19
several
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| adj.几个，若干，数个；各个的，各自的 |
参考例句： |
- Words often have several meanings.单词往往有若干个意思。
- Several new members have come into the club since last year.自去年以来，又有些新成员加入了俱乐部。
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20
none
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| adv.一点也不；prep.没人，毫无；pron.没有人，没有任何东西 |
参考例句： |
- Remember that none is perfect.记住没有任何人是完美的。
- There's almost none left.几乎一个没剩。
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21
such
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| adj.如此的，这样的；pron.这样的；adv.如此地 |
参考例句： |
- He is such a man.他是这样一个人。
- He spent all his money,he is such a fool.他这样傻，花光了所有的钱。
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22
whom
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| pron.谁（who的宾格） |
参考例句： |
- That is the man whom I met in Beijing last year.他就是我去年在北京碰见的那个人。
- He married a wife by whom he had two daughters.他娶了妻子并跟她生了两个女儿。
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23
as
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| conj.按照；如同 |
参考例句： |
- He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
- In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里，这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。
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24
was
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| v.(is,am的过去式)是，在 |
参考例句： |
- He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
- He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
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25
saw
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| vbl.看见(see的过去式)；n.锯；v.用锯子锯 |
参考例句： |
- Would you like to saw a tree for me?你能为我锯棵树吗？
- The moment I saw you,I knew you were angry with me.我一看到你，就知道你在生我的气。
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26
believe
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| v.相信；认为 |
参考例句： |
- Believe it or not,that's the way it is.信不信由你，反正事情就是这样。
- I believe what you say.我相信你的话。
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writer
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| n.作家，记者，撰稿者，抄写员 |
参考例句： |
- Dickens was a famous English writer.狄更斯是英国著名作家。
- He is a very popular writer but I don't like his style.他是个很受欢迎的作家，但我不喜欢他的文风。
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28
belong
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| vi.属于，附属；应归入 |
参考例句： |
- Does this house belong to Mr. Winter? 这幢房子是温特先生的吗 ?
- We belong to the new club. 我们是这个新俱乐部的成员。
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29
could
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| v.能，可能(can的过去式)；aux.v.(can的过去式)能；可以 |
参考例句： |
- Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗？
- I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。
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30
care
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| n.小心，照料，忧虑；v.关心，照顾，喜爱，介意 |
参考例句： |
- I really care about the students in my class.我的确喜欢这个班上的学生。
- Her work is to take care of the children.她的工作是照料好孩子。
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31
invited
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| v.邀请( invite的过去式和过去分词 )；请求；引诱；招致 |
参考例句： |
- He hoped they would not feel affronted if they were not invited . 他希望如果他们没有获得邀请也不要感到受辱。
- They only invited Jack and Sarah as an afterthought . 他们邀请杰克和萨拉不过是事后想起的补救办法。
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32
seem
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| vi.好像，似乎，看来好像 |
参考例句： |
- You seem very much alive today.你今天好像非常活跃。
- The children seem very happy.孩子们似乎很快活。
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33
had
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| vbl.have的过去式和过去分词；conj.有 |
参考例句： |
- I just had a good idea!我有个好主意！
- The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。
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president
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| n.总统；总裁；校长；院长；会(社)长；主席 |
参考例句： |
- They selected him to be president.他们选举他为总裁。
- The president's speech lacked sincerity.校长的演讲缺乏诚意。
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35
nor
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| conj./adv.也不，也没有 |
参考例句： |
- It is neither hot nor cold in winter here.这里冬天既不热也不冷。
- She can't get there at four,nor can I.她不能在四点钟到那里，我也不能。
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36
oneself
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| pron.[反身代词]自己；亲自，本人 |
参考例句： |
- If one wants to learn it,one must do it oneself.要想学会它就得亲自去做。
- It is not good to think only of oneself.只为自己着想是不好的。
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37
alone
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| adj.单独的，孤独的；adv.单独地，独自地；仅仅 |
参考例句： |
- He often makes a round trip to the hospital alone.他经常一个人往返医院。
- It is dangerous for a girl to go out alone at night.一个女孩夜里单独外出是危险的。
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