第三部分：阅读理解
（A）
In ancient(古代) time the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome , testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.
In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the work of testing candidates（候选人）for a master s or doctor s degree.
Generally, however, modern examinations are written. Two types of tests are commonly used in modern schools. The first types sometimes called an objective¹ (客观性) test, it is intended to deal with facts., not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers to students who have mot learned the material properly.
The student has just one task: he must recognize the correct answer and copy its letter or number on his examination paper.
For testing a student s memory of facts and details, the objective test has advantages. It can find out a great deal about the student s range of knowledge.
For testing some kinds of learning, however, such a test is not very satisfactory. A lucky student may guess the correct answer without really knowing the material.
36. The passage is mainly about ________.
A. examinations in the ancient times. Ｂ．modern examinations.
Ｃ．how to do well in an examination. Ｄ．setting questions for an examination
37. The objective test is not very satisfactory because _______.
A. it is easy and quick to score.
B. the teacher can find out a great deal about the student s range of knowledge in a s hort time.
C. it shows how deeply the student has thought about the subject.
D. it contains element of luck.
38. Which of the following statements about the objective test is true?
Ａ．Examinations in modern times are written, while in ancient times they are spoken.
Ｂ．The objective test has advantages for testing a student s memory of facts and details.
Ｃ．The objective test is the only way to test a student s memory of facts and details,.
Ｄ．Each objective question has more than one correct answer.
39. The next paragraph will probably deal with ___________.
A. the other type of examination B. the advantages of the objective test
C. how students guess the correct answer without really knowing the material
D. examinations in the ancient times
(B )
What is world English?
　　World English is a course in the English language. It is intended for students whose native language is not English. It is a basic programme consisting of six stages. Each stage includes a Student Book, a Teacher s Book, a Workbook, and cassette recordings². World English is further supported by separate books of readings, by tests, and by visual（可视的）aids.
　　Who is world English for?
　　World English may be entered at any one of three different levels. The First Level, Books One and Two, is intended for students with little or no education In English. Books Three and Four make up the Second Level; they are suitable for students who have some knowledge of English. The Third Level, Books Five and Six, is intended for students who are concerned with improvement in the language.
　　What does world English teach?
　　World English teaches four basic skills of language: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. At all levels, each skill is presented systematically³. In the First Level, listening and speaking receive more attention. In the latter books, reading and writing become more important. However, reading and writing activities are prese nted even in Unit One of book One; and listening and speaking exercises occur through Unit One of Book One; and listening and speaking exercises occur though Unite Ten of Book Six.
40. This passage is probably taken from the _______ of an English text book.
A. contents B. introduction C. First chapter D. index（索引）
41. Suppose you are a student of Senior Three, _______ will be suitable for you if you want to make your English better.
A. Books One and Two B. Books Three and Four
C. Books Five and Six D. none of them.
42. We may infer form this passage that the whole set of World English consists of ______ units.
A. ten B. thirty C. sixty D. more than sixty
( C )
　　　One answer to the question of land shortage⁴ was suggested by an organization some years ago. A city was to be built at sea, housing 30,000 people.
　　　The suggestion was to shape the city like a harbor(港口)。The outer wall of the harbor would stand on steel columns resting on the sea---bed. Naturally this could only be where the water was fairly shallow. The people would like to live in flats in the fifty----metre high outer wall. The flats would be all face inwards, and would be made of concrete(混泥土) and glass. The glass would be specially⁵ made and colored to control the heat and strong light from the sun. The planners called this man --- made harbor would be calm. On it would be floating islands carrying more building: a hospital, two theaters, museum, an art exhibition hall and a church. On one of the islands would be a special factory to take the salt out of sea water and turn it into fresh water.
　　　People living in the city could move around on small boats driven by electricity, so there would be no air pollution from the burning of gas. There would be platforms outside the man wall for ships bringing supplies. People could also travel to the mainland by motorboat or water plane.

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